There are high mountains in Asia. Mountains of Asia: the greatest heights of planet Earth

06.04.2020

The formation of mountains on Earth takes millions of years. They arise from the collisions of huge tectonic plates that make up the earth's crust.

Today we will get acquainted with the highest mountains on 6 continents and see how they look against the background of the highest mountain peaks in the world - "eight-thousanders", whose height above sea level exceeds 8,000 meters.

How many continents are there on Earth? It is sometimes believed that Europe and Asia are 2 different continents, although they are one continent:

Before starting our story about the tallest mountains on the 6 continents, let's take a look at a general diagram of the tallest peaks on Earth.

"Eight-thousanders" is a common name for the 14 highest mountain peaks in the world, whose height above sea level exceeds 8,000 meters. They are all in Asia. The conquest of all 14 "eight-thousanders" of the planet - the conquest of the "Crown of the Earth" - is a great achievement in high-altitude mountaineering. As of July 2012, only 30 climbers managed to do this.

North America - Mount McKinley, 6,194 m

This is the highest two-headed mountain in North America, named after the 25th President of the United States. Located in Alaska.

Indigenous peoples called this peak "Denali", which means "great", and during the period of Russian colonization of Alaska it was called simply - Big Mountain.

Mount McKinley, view from national park Denali:

The first ascent to the main peak of McKinley took place on June 7, 1913. There are 5 large glaciers on the slopes of the mountain.

South America - Mount Aconcagua, 6,962 m

This is the highest point of the American continent, South America as well as the western and southern hemispheres. Belong to the longest mountain range in the world - the Andes.

The mountain is located in Argentina and in the Quechua language means "Stone Guard". Aconcagua is the largest dormant volcano on our planet.

In mountaineering, Aconcagua is considered technically easy mountain if climbing the northern slope.

The first recorded ascent of the mountain was in 1897.

Europe - Mount Elbrus, 5 642 m

This stratovolcano in the Caucasus is the highest peak in Russia. Considering that the border between Europe and Asia is ambiguous, Elbrus is often called the highest European mountain peak.

Elbrus is a two-headed volcano with a saddle. The western peak has a height of 5,642 m, the Eastern - 5,621 m. The last eruption dates back to 50 AD ...

In those days, the eruptions of Elbrus probably resembled the eruptions of modern Vesuvius, but were more powerful. At the beginning of the eruption, powerful clouds of vapors and gases, saturated with black ash, rose from the craters of the volcano at the beginning of the eruption, covering the entire sky, turning day into night. The earth shook from powerful tremors.

Nowadays, both peaks of Elbrus are covered with eternal snow and ice. On the slopes of Elbrus, 23 glaciers diverge in different directions. The average speed of movement of glaciers is about 0.5 meters per day.

The first successful ascent to one of the peaks of Elbrus was made in 1829. The average annual death toll during the ascent of Elbrus is 15-30 people.

Asia - Mount Everest, 8 848 m

Everest (Chomolungma) is the top of our world! It is the first eight-thousander in height and the highest mountain on Earth.

The mountain is located in the Himalayas in the Mahalangur-Himal ridge, with the South peak (8760 m) lying on the border of Nepal, and the North (main) peak (8848 m) located in China

Everest has the shape of a triangular pyramid. At the top of Chomolungma there are strong winds blowing at a speed of up to 200 km / h, and the air temperature at night drops to -60 Celsius.

The first ascent to the summit of Everest took place in 1953. Since the first ascent to the summit until 2011, more than 200 people have died on the slopes of Everest. Now the ascent to the summit takes about 2 months - with acclimatization and the installation of camps.

View from space:

Climbing Mount Everest is not only extremely dangerous, but also an expensive pleasure: the cost of climbing as part of specialized groups is up to 65 thousand US dollars, and the only one permission to climb, issued by the government of Nepal, costs 10 thousand dollars.

Australia and Oceania - Mount Punchak Jaya, 4884 m

The highest peak in Australia and Oceania, which is located on the island New Guinea... She is on the Australian plate and is the most high mountain in the world, located on an island.

The mountain was discovered in 1623 by the Dutch explorer Jan Carstens, who saw from afar into the glacier at the summit. Therefore, the mountain is sometimes called the Pyramid of Carstens.

The first ascent of Punchak-Jaya took place only in 1962. The name of the mountain from the Indonesian language translates roughly as "Pobeda Peak".

Antarctica - Windson Massif, 4 892 m

These are the most high mountains Antarctica. The existence of the mountain range became known only in 1957. Since the mountains were discovered American planes, later they were named Massif Vinson, in honor of the famous American politician Carl Vinson.

View of Vinson Massif from space:

Africa - Mount Kilimanjaro, 5895 m

It is the highest point in Africa, a huge dormant volcano with two well-defined peaks in northeastern Tanzania. The mountain has had no documented eruptions, but local legends speak of volcanic activity 150-200 years ago.

The higher one is Kibo Peak, an almost regular cone with powerful glaciation.

The name comes from the Swahili language and supposedly means "the mountain that sparkles."

The snow cap that has covered the top of the mountain for 11,000 years since the last Ice Age is rapidly melting. Over the past 100 years, the volume of snow and ice has decreased by more than 80%. It is believed that this is not caused by a change in temperature, but by a decrease in the amount of snowfall.

The highest peak in Africa was first conquered by the German explorer Hans Meyer in 1889.

General characteristics of the mountain system of Asia

The mountain range of Asia includes the largest and highest mountains in the world. The highest point of the planet is in the Himalayas - Mount Everest (Chomolungma) with an altitude of 8882 m.

The highest mountains in Asia are located in the southern regions of central Asia and in the south of Asia:

Himalayas,
Hindu Kush,
Pamir,
Tibetan plateau,
Tien Shan.

In the northern regions of Asia, there are medium-high mountains: the Stanovoe Upland, the Central Siberian Plateau, the Verkhoyansk Range, the Chersky Range, the Altai Mountains, and the Sredinny Range.

Sikhote-Alin, Big and Small Khingan are located in the eastern regions of Asia; in the western, on the border with Europe - the Urals and the Caucasus.

Himalayas

Himalayas - the highest mountain range both in the world and in Asia. The Himalayas are located on the border of East and South Asia; they delimit the lowlands of the Indus and Ganges rivers from the Tibetan plateau. The total length of the Himalayas is 2,400 km, the width of the mountain range ranges from 200 to 300 km.

The northwestern regions of the Himalayan mountains border on the Hindu Kush - the high mountain system of Asia.

The steepest slopes of the Himalayan mountains are directed to the south, towards the Indus and the Ganges. More gentle slopes are directed towards Tibet.

There are 130 mountain peaks in the Himalayas with a height of more than 7000 m. 11 peaks, located mainly in the Nepal Himalayas, have a height of more than 8000 meters:

Everest (8882 m),
Kapchenjunga (8598 m),
Lhotse Main (8501 m),
Makalu (8470 m),
Cho-Oyu (8180 m),
Dhaulagiri (8172 m),
Manaslu (8128 m),
Apnapurna (8078),
Gozayntan (8018),
Shisha-Pangma (8013) and others.

Mountain range Karakorum. Kun-Lun and Hindu Kush

The Karakorum mountain range is the second highest mountain range in Asia. Karakorum is located between the Himalayas and Kun-Lun, southeast of the Hindu Kush and Pamir. The average height of the Karakorum is 6000 m.

In the Karakorum mountain range, more than 80 mountains have a height of more than 7000 m.

The eight-thousanders of the Karakorum: Chogori (8611 m), Gasherbrum (8073 m), Hidden Peak (8068 m), Broad Peak (8047 m).

The Kun-Lun mountain range stretches from the west from the Pamirs to the east in the Sino-Tibetan mountains. Kun-Lun goes around the Tibetan plateau from the north.

The total length of the ridge is 2500 km, the width in some parts of the ridge reaches 600 km. The highest point of the Kun-Lun is the Aksai-Chin peak (7167 m).

The Hindu Kush mountains stretch for 1000 km in the south of Central Asia. Their width ranges from 50 to 500 km. The Hindu Kush mountains delimit the Indus rivers and the drainless basin of Central Asia. The highest point of the Hindu Kush is Tirichmir (7690 m).

Pamir

The Pamir is located on the territory of Afghanistan, China and Tajikistan in the south of Central Asia.

The Pamir is located at the junction of the spurs of the mountain systems of Central Asia - Karakorum, Hindu Kush, Tien Shan and Kun-Lun.

The highest point of the Pamirs is Kongur peak (7719 m).

Peaks with an altitude of more than 7000 m also include:

Ismail Samani peak (Communism peak) (7495 m);
Peak Abu Ali ibn Siba (Lenin Peak) (7134 m);
Peak Korzhenevskaya (7105 m).

Remark 1

On the territory of the Pamirs there is a huge number of different genesis and types of glaciers. The largest glacier is Fedchenko, located in Central Tajikistan. The Fedchenko glacier belongs to the mountain-valley type of glaciers. Its area is about 700 sq. km.

Numerous glaciers of the Pamirs, during their movement, smooth the sides and bottoms of the valleys, grind and carry down the clastic material of rocks, cool the surface air layers, have a significant effect on the daily rhythm of the movement of mountain-valley air masses, give rise to rivers, melting below the snow line.

The northern border of the Pamirs is the Trans-Alai Range. Its length from west to east was 200 km. The average height of the ridge is 5500 m. The highest point of the ridge is Lenin Peak (7134 m).

The Trans-Alai Mountains have practically no foothills. They rise like a wall over the Altai Valley. Western Zaalai is located slightly west of the Tersagar Pass. An extensive network of spurs is observed here. The peaks of the Western Trans-Alai have sharp shapes. The ridge is deeply cut into the valleys. The highest peak of the Western Trans-Alai is Sat Peak (5900 m).

From the Tersagar pass in the west to the Kyzylart pass in the east stretches the Central Zaalai - the highest region of the ridge. In the Central Zaalay there are highest peaks: Lenin Peak (7134 m), Zhukov Peak (6842 m), Oktyabrsky Peak (6780 m), Dzerzhinsky Peak (6717 m), Kyzylagyn (6683 m), Edinstvo Peak (6640 m).

The central Zaalai is weakly dissected and looks like a continuous wall. Passes of ice and snow origin.

The southern parts of the Central Trans-Alai have highly branched spurs extending to the south. The region of the central Zaalai from the rest of the Pamir is isolated by the Muksu and Sauksay rivers.

From the Kyzylart pass eastward to Chinese border Eastern Zaalai stretches for 52 km. A characteristic distinguishing feature of the Eastern Trans-Alai from other regions of the Trans-Alai is the presence of steep northern slopes and a relatively low altitude. Highest mountains: Kurumda (6613 m), Zarya Vostoka (6349 m), Nameless peak (6384 m).

For the Central and Eastern Trans-Alai, on the crest of the watershed ridge, strong winds... The main factor determining the weather on the ridge is the Atlantic cyclones.

On the Zaalaysky ridge, there is a powerful glaciation - 550 glaciers covering an area of 1329 sq. km. The largest glaciers include glaciers: Dzerzhinsky, Korzhenevsky, Kuzgun, Oktyabrsky, Eastern Kyzylsu, Bolshaya and Malaya Saukdara, Nura.

Remark 2

The most popular passes: Zaalaysky, Minjar, Surkhangou, Constitution, Dzerzhinsky, Abris, 30 years of Victory, 60 years of October, Spartak, Razdelny, a bunch of Mir, Beletsky, Golden and Western Calf.

Turkestan ridge is a high-mountain ridge belonging to the Gissar-Alay mountain system, framing the Fergana Valley from the south-west and located in the south-west of Kyrgyzstan. The border of Tajikistan with Kyrgyzstan and Uzbekistan runs along the Turkestan ridge.

The length of the Turkestan ridge is 340 km. The ridge through the Matcha mountain knot connects in the east with the Alay ridge and extends further in the west to the Samarkand plain.

The northern slope of the Turkestan ridge is gentle and long, the southern one is steep and short with rocks and talus. The Turkestan ridge is separated from the South of the Zeravshan ridge by the valley of the Zeravshan River.

The highest points of the Turkestan ridge are Pyramidalny Peak (5509 m) and Skalisty Peak (5621 m). The eastern ridges are covered with glaciers. Most large glaciers Turkestan ridge: Shurovsky, Tolstoy, Zeravshansky.

Asian countries: large and small. The largest mountains, islands, rivers and lakes of the continent

Asia is the largest in area (44,579,000 km2) and the most populated part of the world (3.88 billion inhabitants) of the planet Earth. Together with Europe, it forms a single (not divided by straits) continent of Eurasia, which is connected by the Isthmus of Suez with Africa, and separated from North America by a rather narrow Bering Strait (the maximum width is only 86 km). Asia is washed by the waters of all four oceans: the Pacific, Indian, Arctic and Atlantic (Mediterranean Sea).

In Asia, there are enough wonders of the world, both those that Mother Nature gave to mankind like Halong Bay in Vietnam or wonderful in Thailand, as well as those that were created by man

Some, like Great wall of china or, very well-known, others - not very well, but some (for example, in Japan, the Sigiriya palace on a rock in Sri Lanka, the imperial residence in Hue in Vietnam), are now considered regional attractions, although they clearly deserve more !

Asian countries (47 states):

Most of Asia's population is concentrated in countries such as China (PRC): over 1.3 billion people, and India: 1.1 billion people, which are the most populous on the planet.

Geography of Asia: mountains, rivers, lakes and islands

Asia is the highest mountainous part of the world: the average height of the territory is 950 meters. The main mountain ranges cross the continent approximately in the middle: in the direction of the south-west-north-east. The highest plateau, the Tibetan, rises above the surface of the world's oceans by about 4500 meters and covers an area of about 2.5 million square kilometers.

There is also the highest mountain system in the world, the Himalayas (which in translation from Sanskrit means “dwelling, refuge of snow”), which includes 17 (!) Highest mountains of the planet. Sino-Nepalese Chomolungma (or Everest, 8,848 meters), Pakistani K-2 (Chogo Gangri, 8,611 meters) and Indian-Nepalese Kangchenjunga (Kangchen Dzö-nga, 8,586 meters) top this impressive list.

Asia is also home to many volcanoes, most of which are active. From the most famous we will single out:

Klyuchevskaya Sopka volcano in Kamchatka is the highest of active volcanoes Eurasia (4750 meters). It is distinguished by increased activity to this day. The last recorded eruption was in 2007
The Indonesian (Krakatoa) is also world famous, once it "devoured" itself. It was once located on the island of the same name, located between Java and Sumatra, and in 1883 gave birth to a mighty eruption (on a nuclear scale equal to about 200 megatons), which was heard even in the Australian Perth, which is 3100 kilometers away.

The sky even over Europe was long painted with an ominous red color because of the ash clouds raised into the atmosphere - the famous Norwegian artist Munch even dedicated it to this. By the way, another eruption of Krakatau (in 1927) "gave birth" to a small (about 2 km in diameter) volcanic island called "Son of Krakatau" (Anak Krakatau). He grows quickly and, like the parent, has a violent disposition.

We also mention:

Pusuk Buhit, Lake Toba, Indonesia

Tomboro (Tambora or Tomboro), also located in Indonesia and in 1815 during the eruption (presumably the strongest in recent history) who destroyed more than 70 thousand inhabitants of the island of Sumbawa
Indonesian (Lake Toba), which is at the same time a supervolcano and occupies an area of about 100 by 30 km. The largest volcano lake in the world. It is believed that the massive eruption of this volcano about 70-75 thousand years ago led to global climate change.
A whole volcano region is also in Indonesia, which is a popular tourist attraction in the country mainly because of its pristine landscape from the series "So the Earth was born"

Mount Fuji in Japan

(Fuji), considered one of the three Japanese " Sacred mountains"And has a relatively" meek "disposition. The last recorded eruption dates back to 1707-1708. Fuji is located very close to the Japanese capital, Tokyo, is very loved by tourists and therefore is positioned as one of the main attractions of the "Land of the Rising Sun".

Any tourist can climb this mountain today - in the summer season!

The Asian continent includes a large number of islands. The largest of them are Indonesian Borneo (third largest, 743 330 km2, after and Papua New Guinea island in the world) and Sumatra (470,000 km2). And the most populated: Indonesian Java (124 million inhabitants according to 2005 estimates) and Japanese Honshu (103 million people).

, Sri Lanka

Some Asian countries are located exclusively on the islands (island): Brunei, East Timor, Indonesia, Cyprus, Maldives, Singapore, Sri Lanka, Taiwan, Philippines and Japan and have no territories on the continent.

The largest peninsulas of Asia: Hindustan (or the subcontinent of India, with an area of 4,480,000 sq. Km), Arabian Peninsula, Indochina Peninsula, Kamchatka Peninsula, Korean Peninsula

Most big rivers continental Asia

Chinese Yangtze (6300 km long - 3rd in the world after the South American Amazon and the African Nile)
Russian river system Yenisei-Angara-Selenga (5540 km)
Chinese Yellow River ("Yellow River", 5464 km)
Russian river system Ob-Irtysh (5410 km)
Russian-Chinese-Mongolian river system Amur-Argun (4444 km)
Russian Lena (4400 km).

All of these rivers and river systems are among the ten largest on planet Earth.

Most large lakes Asia

The Caspian Sea (with an area of 371,000 km2) is a colossal body of salt water which is recognized by various sources as either the sea or the lake
(37,500 km2), in addition to being the deepest lake in the world (1,470 meters) and the largest body of water by volume fresh water(23 600 cubic km)
Balkhash (18 428 km2).

It is noteworthy that all of these reservoirs are fully or partially located on the territory the former USSR(Union of Soviet Socialist Republics).

The mountains have attracted people since ancient times. The history of their research is extremely fascinating. Many people are interested in what is the tallest mountain in the world.

The proposed material tells about the most famous mountain peaks the world, the history of their conquest and interesting moments associated with this.

The European continent is part of the Eurasian continent. Unlike the Asian half, it is not distinguished by such serious mountain peaks.

But there are mountain ranges with peaks included in the list of the most significant on Earth. Let's take a closer look at the characteristics of the notable mountains in Europe.

In Russia highest height the mountain range of the Caucasus is distinguished.

The most famous peaks are:

Dykhtau- located near the Georgian-Russian border. The summit was first conquered in 1888 by a mixed Swedish-English alpinist team.
It is easy to climb and is always popular with tourists. Height - 5205 m.
Elbrus- the highest mountain in the country, formed by an extinct volcanic vent and consists of two peaks united by a bridge.
The western one exceeds the sea level by 5642 m. The first ascent to it was made by an English team in 1874.
Tsakhvoa- the most significant and picturesque peak in Sochi. A biosphere reserve has been established here.
In Dagestan there are five peaks, some of which exceed sea level by over four thousand meters.

In addition to the Caucasus, it should be noted Ural mountains... This system is very old when compared with the previous one, and therefore does not differ in serious height.

Ural mountains, conventionally dissecting Eurasia into two parts of the world, are characterized by large deposits of minerals. From the point of view of climbers, there is nothing remarkable in the Urals.

Altai mountains are located near the Mongolian border and are characterized by stepped relief forms with peaked peaks and lake valleys. The height of their peaks does not exceed two thousand meters.

The mountains in the Crimea do not differ in height either. The most famous peak (Roman-Kash) extends 1545 m above sea level.

Eastern Europe is marked by the following mountains marked on the map:

Hoverla located in Ukraine in the Carpathians is a popular tourist site, 2061 m high. Opening of the first tourist route took place in 1880.
Part of the Carpathian Range is called the Ugric Mountains by some local peoples living in Hungary and western Ukraine. The massif is not high, but very picturesque.
In Kazakhstan - massifs characterized by high and low mountain areas.
In a low mountain located in the center of the country, the highest point is located at one and a half thousand meters. Alpine mountains are represented by peaks exceeding one and a half thousand meters.
In Georgia, Mount Shkhara stands out with a height of 5201 m, representing the central part of the Caucasian massif, on the border with our country.
Yamantau is known in Bashkortostan, representing Southern Urals; characterized by two peaks, the Big (1640 m.) and Small (1510 m.).

Within the territory of Western Europe the following mountains are located:

Mont Blanc- Western European peak (4810 m.) On the border of Italy and France in the western part of the alpine massif.
Dufour (4634 m.)- the pinnacle in the Swiss and Italian territory. Highest Swiss mountain peak.
House (4554 m.)- Swiss mountain, first conquered by Briton Davis.
Liskamm (4538 m.)- a peak on the border between Switzerland and Italy, dangerous with avalanches and nicknamed the man-eater.
Weisshorn (4506 m.)- another Swiss peak, conquered by the British climber John Tyndall.
Matterhorn (4478 m.)- also on the border between Switzerland and Italy. During its conquest, four climbers fell into the abyss.
Unlike the closest neighbors, there are no such high massifs in Germany. There are several peaks up to three thousand meters high.
In Great Britain there are also several mountain systems, the highest are the Grampian Mountains, which represent Scotland.
The height of some peaks exceeds 1.3 thousand meters from the base.
In Greece there are several peaks, the most significant of which is Olympus. Ancient Greek myths that have come down to us from the deep past of Greece are associated with it.
In addition to it, several more peaks are noted, with a height not exceeding three thousand meters.

History of the highest mountains in Asia

The Asian continent is distinguished by the presence of the highest peaks belonging to Himalayan mountains passing through the territory of different countries:

Chomolungma (8848 m.). Modern name mountains - Everest, located in China, next to Nepal.
It is impossible to get to the top of the mountain without the use of special oxygen devices. Conquered for the first time in 1853.
Chogori (8611 m.)- almost reaches Everest. Located in the northern territories of Pakistan.
Kanchenjunga (8586 m.)- also in the Himalayas, in India, not far from Nepal.
Lhotse (8516 m.)- a representative of the Tibet Autonomous Region, located near Everest, from which the South Col pass separates.
The first time a Swiss expedition climbed the peak in 1956.
Makalu (8485 m.)- another Himalayan peak, conquered in 1955 by a French team.
Himalayan chain represented in addition to those listed by another six eight-thousanders belonging to India, Pakistan and China.
In Japan the famous peak is Mount Fuji of volcanic origin, which does not reach up to four thousand meters.
With its close to ideal conical shape, it is a cult site on the island of Honshu, a place of worship for pilgrims of the Buddhist and Shinto religions.
In Australia the presence of high mountain ranges is not noted, but they are as distinctive as the continent itself.
The height of the West Australian Highlands does not exceed five hundred meters. The mainland is divided by a chain with a length of four thousand kilometers.
One part of it is called the Australian Alps, it is highest system on the continent, some peaks of which barely exceed two thousand meters.

In addition to those listed, there are mountain systems in other parts of the world.

In Africa, unlike Asia, there are no mountains that are so high. Kilimanjaro, whose name translates as "sparkling mountain", is famous, located in Tanzania, at a height of nine hundred meters.

V North America interesting is the Cordelier array. Most are located in the United States, and also pass through Canada and Mexico.

The ridge is located along the western part of the American continent, with a length of over six hundred and fifty kilometers. Robson Peak, part of the Rocky Mountains, rises to 3954 m.

In South America this massif continues with the Andes. This is the longest mountain range on Earth, the length is nine thousand kilometers, it is noted average height four thousand meters.

The highest peak - Aconcagua (almost seven thousand meters) - is located in Argentina.

In Antarctica there are several mountain ranges. The height of the Vinson Massif reaches 4892 m.

TOP 10 highest mountains in the world

Here is a list of the 10 highest peaks in the world in the table, listed in descending order:

Photos of these peaks can be found on the Internet without any problems.

Interesting fact! In the above list highest peaks represent the Himalayas - the most significant mountain system in the world.

The highest mountain in the world - what is the name, what is the height, the history of ascents

As already noted, the most big mountain on the planet - Chomolungma. Any climber dreams of climbing it, but not everyone can boast of it.

During the ascent to the summit, almost three hundred climbers and Sherpas were killed. Up to seven thousand successful expeditions were recorded, in which more than four thousand people took part.

The first attempt was made in 1921 and ended in failure. Italian climbers achieved success only in 1953.

As you can see, there are many peaks on the planet that pose difficult tasks for a person.

But, conquering mountain peaks, people, overcoming multiple difficulties, temper their character and improve themselves. Only a purposeful person will succeed in conquering the mountains.

Useful video

Is not only a unique culture, but also beautiful nature... On the territory of this part of the world, seas and steppes, plains for many thousands of kilometers and the highest peaks of the world, which occupy ¾ of the land, coexist. The latter will be discussed in our rating.

Except for the famous mountain the world - Everest, in the Central and Central Asia there are many other peaks that were widely covered in films and literature and which took the lives of gape travelers. There are relatively few mountains favorable to climbers, but they are becoming a popular platform for all kinds of records. We present you a list of the 10 tallest mountains in Asia.

10. Annapurna, 8091 m

This mountain is known from a bad point of view - it is believed that it is during its conquest that most climbers die. So, at some point, the mortality rate reached a record 32%. But it is on Annapurna more than half a century ago, the first ascent among all the "eight-thousanders" was made.

His unusual name the peak owes to Sanskrit - from this language its name is translated as “ Goddess of fertility". The living world here is really diverse thanks to the nearby river, but you won't be able to enjoy it for a long time - changeable weather and constantly forming avalanches will spoil the mood of gaping travelers.

9. Nanga Parbat, 8125 m

Sorry, uphill Nanga Parbat also known as the assassin summit: it has amassed a large number of accidents that occurred while climbing it.

Interesting that the very first climber who tried to conquer the mountain became its first victim. Since then, more than 400 people have died on the slopes of the summit.

It is curious that avalanches or carelessness during mountaineering were not always the causes of death. So, 6 years ago, a terrorist attack was committed on the sportsmen's camp, which led to casualties. At the same time, the top several times became the "main heroine" of documentaries of different years.

8. Manaslu, 8156 m

Now up the mountain Manaslu you can climb 10 different routes. Top - favorite place for setting records, the last of them was recorded quite recently: the Italian climber was the first of the women to overcome the descent on alpine skiing.

Manaslu also has a lot of victims: the travelers suffered from avalanches that fell asleep, as well as from their own imprudence when they fell into one of the many crevices.

However, at the top is formed National park, along which the walking track runs. This trip will take about 2 weeks.

7. Dhaulagiri, 8167 m

Mountain Dhaulagiri is an main peak eponymous mountain range in the Himalayas. It is interesting that this particular mountain is distinguished by a relatively small glaciation, which means that it is somewhat safer to conquer it than others.

In addition, at the beginning of the 19th century, Dhaulagiri was considered highest point in the world, and therefore expeditions to it were undertaken with enviable regularity. But it was not immediately possible to achieve success - only in the middle of the 20th century the mountain was conquered on the eighth attempt.

Unusual name explained appearance"Snow-white giant" - from Sanskrit Dhaulagiri is translated as " White mountain».

6. Cho Oyu, 8201 m

This is one of the favorite peaks for climbers. As of the beginning of the 2000s, it was conquered more than 3000 times, and this number is steadily growing every year. Only Everest is more popular. At the same time, the number of victims does not exceed 2%, which makes the top one of the safest in our rating.

Now you can get to the top by 15 different routes, the first of which was laid more than half a century ago. Even young athletes decide to join the expedition - 5 years ago the record was set by a 16-year-old boy, and in 2019 his peer from Australia ascended Cho Oyu.

5. Makalu, 8462 m

For a long time the summit Makalu remained unsubdued, therefore, the glory of one of the most difficult mountains over 8000 m was firmly entrenched. It was known to people since the middle of the 19th century, but the first expedition was undertaken only a century later - the climbers did not reach the highest point then.

A year later, travelers were able to conquer the peak, even calling it “ mountain of happiness"- it is believed that the group was lucky with the weather, so it was not difficult for them to get to Makalu.

Now there are 15 routes leading to Makalu, the most difficult of which, from a technical point of view, was laid by a Russian team. This cost the group of athletes several casualties, including the captain.

4. Lhotse, 8516 m

Mountain Lhotse marks the border between China and Nepal. Travelers discovered this peak relatively recently: the first expedition took place only 60 years ago, and middle mountain from the chain was opened at all in the early 2000s. Therefore, to this day, there are significantly fewer routes on Lhotse than on its neighbors.

The total number of ascents is also quite modest and does not exceed 300, and the number of victims is 9 climbers.
At the same time, Lhotse is considered the most beautiful peak, but difficult to climb - all because of the large number of rocky ridges that appear every now and then as soon as athletes overcome the 8000 meter mark.

3. Kanchenjunga, 8586 m

Around this mountain range, located at the same time in Nepal and in, a special National Park is formed. The name of the mountain translates as “ Five treasures from the great snow»: The massif consists of 5 picturesque peaks. In the literature, each of them was assigned their own treasures - grain, holy books, weapons, salt and gold. But the travelers who climbed there often met with death than with unexplored gifts.

So, in Nepal there is a legend that Kanchenjunga possesses the strongest female energy, therefore “kills” all climbers. The first woman who managed to descend alive from the top set this record only in 1998. However, the number of victims on the mountain is still growing, while with the rest of the peaks there is a tendency for a decrease in mortality.

2.K2, 8612 m

Legendary mountain Chogori, or as most know it K2, considered among athletes " wild mountain»Due to the difficulty of the ascent. Climbing it from the side of China is almost impossible, therefore, most often attempts are made from the territory of Pakistan. But even there, luck is not always on the side of climbers - the mortality rate has exceeded 23% and continues to grow.

Climbing K2 is considered technically more difficult than even Mount Everest, so more than 66 people out of 280 died. Chogori can only be conquered in summer, none of the groups that went there in winter could carry out their plans.

1. Everest, 8848 m

Chomolungmu, or Everest still know from the school curriculum. It is the world's record-breaking peak, which rises 8,848 meters above sea level. Expeditions to it are organized constantly, and this despite all the difficulties: the ascent takes at least 2 months, the athletes lose 15 kilograms per trip.

The leaders of the countries on whose territory the mountain range is located have introduced some mandatory fees - both for the ascent itself and for Additional services for travelers. Commercial firms also make money by providing equipment and instructors. There are so many who wish that expeditions even have their own sequence - therefore, they sign up for a trip to Everest long before the required date.