Cities of India: List of the largest. India first largest city in India

What associations do you have when mentioning such a country as India? Surely it is some kind of mystical images, symbols, exciting minds and imagination. Visiting big cities India, you will definitely get something more than just good memories and impressions. After all, even the most ordinary things are perceived in a new way, what to talk about exotic. No one stands in front of her charms.

India

This state of South Asia, consisting of 28 states, in each of which their own national characteristics reign. Seven Union Territories of India is under central subordination. The country is located within three striking beauty geographic areas: Indo-Ganga Plain, Himalayan Mountains And on the Peninsula of the Industan. Local climate is comfortable at any time of the year, depending on the goals of the trip, therefore are popular for year-round. So let's consider large and truly ancient city of India closer.

New Delhi - Capital

It is here that all the main government agencies of the country are located. In 1991, the population of New Delhi was 294,000 inhabitants. The city is divided into two parts: old and new. Old Delhi in ancient times was the capital of the Indian Muslim state, so there are many old forts, monuments, mosques. The new Delhi is permeated with long shady boulevards - this place is the grave of many empires and the place of birth of the republic, so every visitors feel in the air incomprehensible and fascinating mixing of new and old.

Agra

Many of India cities were previously residences of various empires. Agra, for example, was the capital of Fort Agra was repeatedly mentioned in literary works, captured on art film films. It was in this city that the monument "Love immortal" - Taj Mahal gained his place. This tomb of white marble, looks the same as the 2.5th century ago, is the tourist emblem of India and the most extravagant monument of human love. He was erected by Emperor Shah-Jahan for his second wife, who died in 1631 during the birth of the 14th child.

Jaipur

Taking into account all the cities of India, this is distinguished by its pink tint. Most of the buildings of the old part of Jaipur by order of the Marazhi Far Singha were painted in pink color, symbolizing hospitality. It was done to meet Prince Wales. Among the countless attractions of this city, India can especially highlight the wind palace, the city palace, Hava Mahal and Fort Amber.

Mumbai or Bombay

This is the largest megapolis of the country. If you consider everything seaside cities India, then Mumbai is the youngest of them. About 15 million people live here. The main tourist area of \u200b\u200bthe city is called Kolaab. Life in this place is boiling: uncountable hotels, restaurants and shops. Bombay is the capital of Indian cinema, shopping and at the same time the financial center of the country. Arriving here, it is necessary to see the gate of India, the Embankment Marin Drive and the most beautiful Asian Station - Victoria. Magic Travel!

India is among largest countries on the planet. Along with China, it is considered a dynamically developing state and ranks second in the world in terms of population. The United Nations believes that by 2050 India will overtake China and will become the most densely populated country in the world. The annual growth rate of the population is approaching 2%, while in China population growth is 1.4%. India is a huge country consisting of 29 states, 6 allied territories, more than 600 districts and 7,900 large and small cities. The largest cities of India are striking with dense population, raging activity and at the same time enchant architecture, monuments, landscapes.

Large cities in India:

Mumbai

Financial capital of the country and the Economic Center in India - Mumbai, former Bombay. Here are headquarters of a number of transnational companies, large industrial homes and financial corporations, which makes the city attractive to earn money and attracting foreign employees. In Mumbai there is a stock exchange and a reserve bank of India.

Convenient location on the shores of the Arabian Sea turned the metropolis to a noisy and thriving port. Thanks to its history and a variety of architectural styles, Mumbai attracts a huge number of tourists from all over the world. The Indian "Dream City" is the birthplace of Bollywood - a prosperous film industry, an analogue of American Hollywood.

Delhi

One of the most ancient cities in the world, and now the capital of India is Delhi City. Historical monuments This city is a unique heritage and represent high archaeological value. Delhhi was driving many times and recovered again.

The city is two of different world - Ancient and modern. Old Delhi consists of narrow streets and mosques. Government agencies are located in New City, including the Parliament Building, which makes it a diplomatic and government center. Modern Delhi is a noisy megalopolis and a second densely populated city in the country.

The gates of India, the Red Fort, the Lotus Temple are the main attractions of the capital of India, which are made by the popular holiday destination for both tourists and the local population.

Bangalore

Bangalore has the official name of Bangalur, this is the capital of the state of carnatak and the third population of the Indian city. He received the title of the capital after the liberation of India from British colonial domination.

Many decades ago, Bangalore was a tiny place, but with the development of information technologies, many residents of neighboring cities and villages moved here at a permanent residence in search of income and professional perspectives. The modern city of Bangalore is the most advanced telecommunications and software in the industry.

In comparison with other megalopolis in India, it can boast of purity and abundance of vegetation. No wonder the city was assigned the name "Garden".

Chennai

Chennai is located on the shores of the Bengal Bay of the Koromandel coast in the south of India in Tamil Nadu. The city was originally called Madras. Chennai is often compared with Detroit in the United States for his key role in the Indian Automotive Industry. This place is famous for its education system and has the highest literacy in India. Chennai is known as the "gate in South India" and rich in rivers, lakes and canals. There are many modern in the city architectural structuresand the ancient temples built in the VII and VIII centuries.

Hyderabad

Hyderabad - the capital of Andhra Pradesh, is known as the "Pearl City". Its rapid growth and development are due to new business opportunities in the field of light industry, information technologies, biotechnology and pharmaceutical studies.

Here are the two largest film studios in the country - Tollywood and Ramcoji. The latter is listed in the Guinness Book of Records as the most large-scale film studio all over the world.

Hyderabad is also famous for the cinema with the world's largest IMAX 3D screen.

Tourists attract sights such as Mosque Mecca Masdzhid, the Triumphal Arch of the East, the magnificent palace complexes of Chauchamallai Phalakunum.

In Hyidabarada is the largest in India and South Asia Nehru Zoo.

Calcutta

Calcutta - the capital of Western Bengal and the river port in Delta Ganges. The largest commercial city in East India and the center of numerous private and public sector companies. It has a developed infrastructure, proud of his rich culture. Calcutta is one of the most friendly cities in India. The most famous landmark is the Kali Temple, which is an important sacred place for Hindus.

However, there are a number of environmental problems in the city, many areas are striking with their poverty.

Surat

Surat - City in Gujarat, is considered an important exporter of diamonds in the country and a large city in the textile industry. Surat is also the center of various giant corporations that make a great contribution to the economy of the city. The dynamics of its development is one of the fastest growing in the world.

Indian festivals are often held here, characterized by brightness and enchantment - the holiday of air coins, Ganesh Casturhi, Diwali, Naratri.

Puna

Pune is the cultural capital of Maharashtra. It is one of the fastest growing cities of India and ranks second in the country in terms of quality of life, yielding only Haidarabad. The city is located on eastern coast India is just a few hours drive from Mumbai.

Pune is a major center of culture and art, and is also an important economic segment in the field of information technology and the automotive industry. Javaharlal Nehru once called Pune as "Oxford and Cambridge India", since this city is considered the main educational and scientific center of the country.

Jaipur

Jaipur is located in Rajasthan. This is the center of numerous international companies. Known as a "pink city" due to the pink color of the stones used in construction. Thanks to such a unique architecture, Jaipur is considered one of the most popular tourist destinations in the country. He is the biggest city in Western indian state Rajasthan and enters the famous golden triangle of India.

The main attractions of the city include:

• Jal Mahal is a unique floating palace, 4 floors of which are completely immersed in water, tourists can only observe the upper floors of the building, you can only get here on the boat.
• Fort Nahargarh.
• the building of the Observatory Jantar Matara.

City of GOA

India is known in countless exotic beaches. The state of Goa is the most popular place among tourist destinations, located in the western part of India. It attracts a large number of foreign travelers with its beautiful beaches, picturesque places and historical monuments.

This state has a unique combination of Indian and Portuguese culture. In Indian standards, this is the smallest state that is divided into southern and northern regions.

Panji.

Panji is the capital of Goa, his political, educational and cultural center. There are no skyscrapers in Panja, and old colonial buildings are adjacent to modern buildings. Despite the status of the capital, the city ranks third in India in terms of population.

There is a wide range of entertainment in Panja:

• casino on board a small luxury liner;
• bus tour in the night city, including a river cruise on the river;
• evening cruise on the boat.

On the western side of the city there is a Campal district, which is considered to be its cultural center. There are dance, theatrical and musical programs, art exhibitions and show production.

Vasco da Gama

Vasco da Gama - seaport On the west coast of Goa. The city was named after the Portuguese researcher and his former vicar of Vasco-da-Gama and more known as Vasco. The city is a key shipping center, more than 30% of ore is exported from this port. Vasco is the only city in the state that is well connected by road, rail, sea and air transport with other settlements.

Numerous leather, textile and jewelry stores decorate the city market, while a long series of cafes and music stores give them a festive atmosphere.

Mapusa

Mapusa is the main commercial center of North Goa after Panji. Traditionally, every Friday in Mapus is a bazaar. Unlike other markets oriented more on tourists, the fair in Mapus has a local flavor and specializes in the sale of agricultural products.

Margao

Margao it is the second largest city in the Indian state of Goa, which is located 33 km from the capital of Panji. It is surrounded by fertile agricultural land.

The city was once a major religious center with dozens of rich temples and magnificent samples of Portuguese churches. Train Station Margao is the largest and most important railway node in the state. It is located at the intersection of the railway concon and the southwestern railway, it is called the "Gate of South Goa".

Margao has a bizarre charm and excellent samples of Portuguese architecture. A favorite place of tourists traveling to Margao is the neighboring Beach of the Kolva.

Modern megalopolises and the oldest cities of India are combined with each other in the grace and beauty of Indian-Portuguese architecture, antique monuments and many churches in the colonial style. India is a unique and unique country that has managed to preserve the power and rich heritage of ancient civilization.

India is an ideal country both for experienced independent travelers and for beginners. Here you can find the most different vacation and impressions. Many begin their acquaintance with India from the resort, buying a turbulent, so it was with me. However, as the lovers of this country say, it's not India at all.
Want to see true India? Do not limit yourself to one state, do not be afraid to go beyond tourist sites - it is there that are waiting for real adventures! The main danger of traveling in India is that most likely you want to return there again and again.

India is love for life. India is very multifaceted. Each her state is another world. Deserted beaches, noisy cities, mountains with snow-covered vertices, oriental bazaars, colonial quarters, ancient temples; Many cultures and religions were mixed here by making it so special. That is why make up the route yourself - one pleasure. The main problem with which I come across every trip is how to meet the deadlines and see all the most interesting!

India is a huge country, each staff (and their 29) deserves separate attention. No matter how many times I have been in India, there are always places that you just need to visit. So I come back ... At the first trip, it is better to combine the most interesting sights (for your taste), beautiful cities and beach holidays. I will try to help you.

Visa and border crossing

Russians get an Indian visa will not be difficult. A set of documents required for obtaining it is minimal. Today there are 2 types of visas:

• standard
• electronic.

I always made an ordinary visa for a period of 6 months. The electronic appeared not so long ago and has the main deficiency for me - a short period of validity (30 days). But first things first.

An ordinary visa can be issued independently in the visa center or with the help of numerous mediators companies who will take on all the long and sometimes tedious process of design. Residents of Moscow or Peter makes no sense to contact intermediaries, because they have visa centers under the side!

• , Foundry Avenue, D.22, Office No. 30, 3rd floor. Phone: +74995005529, +74956385654
• , Ul. New Arbat, House 2, Floor 4, Office No. 412. Phone: +74995005529, +74956385654

You can issue a tourist visa for a period of 1, 3 or 6 months. Most often give visas for 3 or 6 months (their value is the same). By the number of entries, tourist visas are divided into single and dance (one or two entrances), this indicator affects their price.

So, the single visa will cost a tourist in 1800 rubles, and the double - in 3800. To make an independently visa, you need to prepare a number of documents. Compared to other countries, such a set of paper will seem trivia.

So you will need:

• The acting pass (the validity period, as usual, should be more than 6 months from the date of documents) with two empty pages.
• On the site on the website of the design of Indian visas in the online mode, you need to fill out a questionnaire in English, print it on two pages, put a signature under the photo and at the end of the questionnaire.
• Photo 3.5x4.5 on a white background glued to the application form.
• Printed flights to both ends.
• Hotel reservation (if you are traveling for a long time, approach simple reservation with Booking for the first few days of stay in India).
• Copy of civil passport (home page and with registration).
• Copy of foreign passport.

The visa is drawn up pretty quickly (up to 7 business days, but more often - faster). If the visa is urgently needed, then for a surcharge of approximately 2000 rubles it will be issued in 1-2 days.

Living in the regions is much more convenient and easier to place a visa in the mediator company. You will be asked to fill out a simple questionnaire in Russian, send a couple of photos, passport and copy. For this pleasure with you will drive from 3 to 5.5 thousand, depending on the duration of the visa and the number of entries. Add to this payment of the courier services.

An electronic visa is often called an arrival visa. As I wrote, it is given only for 30 days from the moment of receiving a stamp at the airport. This option is perfect for those who fly along the burning ticket or simply for a short time and does not want to bother with pieces.

You can fill out a questionnaire on an electronic visa. Also on the site will have to download scans of your documents and photos. Pay for a visa of $ 60 is needed no later than 4 days before arrival in India. There, on the site there is a form that allows you to track the status of your visa. By the way, the electronic visa is drawn up very quickly - sometimes for one day, an average of 2-3 days. When it is ready, you can download and print a document in PDF on an official form, in exchange for which at the Indian airport will receive a cherished stamp in the passport.

How to act on the border

Even on the plane, caring flight attendants will issue all passengers of Arrival Cards and Declaration Form (migration form and declaration of values). I am very advised to fill both right in the chair and not spend time at this time at the airport. The arrival card is very simple, moreover, this year its size has been reduced. You must specify your data, the flight number, address in India (write the name of your hotel or guesthouse, if there is nothing of this - any name), visa number. In the form for the declaration, in addition to general data, you will have to record all the valuable things that you are provoser in India. "Values" are considered: prohibited drugs, gold, meat, fish, dairy products, poisonous substances, seeds and plants, satellite phones, cash more than 25 thousand rupees, currency more than 5 thousand dollars, the cumulative amount of all currencies over 10 thousand dollars. If you have at least one of the listed items with you, you will have to pass a "red corridor" of customs (a zone of customs control, in which passengers with luggage subject to declaration).

By arrival at large airports of India (or Mumbai), try to quickly get to passport control - this is one large room with many racks that take passengers from all flights. Sometimes queues are just huge! This is especially important for those in a hurry to the next flight.

How to get

Plane

If you fly for a short time (10-14 days), think about buying a tour package. Check prices for standard tours 7/11/14 days. It is not necessary to live in a hotel at all, you can find the most inexpensive offer, which will be cheaper than just tickets in both directions. When traveling to more long deadlines Look for regular flight tickets. A trip to India is better planning as in advance. You will have time not only to coordinate the route, but also find good tickets. I usually buy them a couple of months before departure, and start monitoring for six months. If you get to sell, you can find excellent inexpensive options. It is convenient to "catch" tickets at good prices in search engines or, for example, in the Treveresk section. Exactly travelers fly to the largest cities of India, which can become an excellent start - Delhi or Mumbai, some fly at once.

What airlines fly to India?

• Aeroflot. Moscow - Delhi.
• Airindia.. - Delhi.
• Qatar Airways.. - Doha - Delhi ().
• Emirates Airlines. Moscow - Delhi (and many other cities of India).
• Ethihad Airways.. - - Delhi.
• Airarabia.. Moscow - Delhi.
• Uzbek Airlinesand. Moscow (or regions) - - Delhi.
• Flydubai.. Moscow (and regions) - - Delhi ().
• Turkish Airlines. . Moscow - - Delhi ().
• Air Astana.. Moscow - Almaty - Delhi.
• Gulf Air. Moscow - Delhi.

Not all possible options are listed here. Many of these airlines are generous for discounts and seasonal sales. Track discounts in April-May.

On average, Moscow, you can find tickets back to 20 thousand rubles, from the regions - from 30.

Tourist regions

To see India in all its diversity, you will have to visit several states. Inland tourism is perfectly developed in the country, Indians love their homeland and culture and will be happy to know her. Therefore, in all cities where there are at least some sights, you can find everything you need for the life of a tourist.

India's tourist regions are deserted beaches, vintage forts, Maharaj Palaces, National Natural Parks and more. The whole country can be divided into north, western, eastern and southern India. In each of the parts, tourism is completely different.

Northern India.

This includes States: Himachal Pradesh, Uttar Pradesh, Jammu and Kashmir, Punjab, Rajasthan, Haryana, Madhya Pradesh, Uttarakhand, Chhattisgarh. The climate is very diverse here if you travel in winter - do not forget warm things. In the north of India may not be much warmer than in Siberia. In this part of the country there are mountain resorts, Tibetan monasteries, yoga and meditation centers, ancient temples and modern megalopolises.

Golden Triangle

Such a tourist program is most popular among travelers. Who, why and when it came up with this route and called it the most interesting - remains a mystery.

It includes three destinations: Delhi, Agru,. A beginner traveler is perfect. The main, in my opinion, plus this tour - in the proximity of the cities, between them you can move by trains, buses or even take a taxi. Time in the way will be 4-5 hours. It is convenient to fly to Delhi and from there to start your trip. Golden triangle - as well as an active excursion program, which will allow the tourist to get acquainted with the culture of India. Impressions from the ancient beauties will be enough for a long time!

Varanasi

The most mystical and holy city of India - Varanasi. It is considered one of the most ancient cities in the world, he also called the city of the dead. Varanasi is the city of Shiva, it was he who legend founded him 5 thousand years ago. The city stands on the shores of the Hanga River, die in Varanasi and be cremated on the banks of Ganges - the greatest honor for Hindus. The main life of the city flows along the river on Hhata - stone steps leading to water. Early puja are committed here, trade and all day cremation is held. A place is 10 km away, where 2500 years ago Buddha uttered his first sermon immediately after enlightenment. That is why in Varanasi should come for spiritual experience and wisdom. And here is a huge selection of yoga courses, Sanskrit and learning the game on traditional musical instruments.

Himachal Pradesh

One of the northernmost states allows tourists with their own eyes to see the majestic Himalayas. The nature of this edge is unique. Compared to other hot and arid states, where the summer always reigns, here you can observe smooth transitions of all seasons. Optimal time to visit - from April to October. In Himachal Pradesh, it is necessary to go to the trekking, climb on the mountain pass, live in a campsite and wake up on a mountain river. There are also temples and palaces, but the main thing is nature. In the Himalayas, the Russian artist Nikolai Roerich was in love, by the way, for many years he lived in the town of Naggig, his grave remained here. In the capital of Yoga Rishikesh, you can go through courses or get a certificate of the teacher, as well as master meditation or serve in Ashram. In Dharamsala, there is a residence of the Dalai Lama. And on the territory of the state there is sacred mountain Kailash, Valley of the Gods of Kulla, the most dangerous mountain road from Le B and much more. Himachal Pradesh will have to taste and crazy extremals, and lovers to know themselves.

Rajastan

I already mentioned the state capital, many travelers stop only in one city. And completely in vain. The rest of Rajasthan is not less beautiful. Maintenance tourist centers:, Jaisalmer. Come to Rajasthan (the country of Maharaj) admire the majestic palaces, huge forts, listen to street musicians and piffosing colorful unusek in turbans and with huge efforts. Rajastan is known to tourists with its four "color" cities: pink, white, blue, golden jaisalmer. Country Mahardjay is so multicolored and colorful, which attracts artists and photographers from around the world. Rajistanians themselves managed to preserve their rich culture: wherever you go, you will surround traditional music, painting, puppet ideas, national outfits. This is a motley and colorful everyday life of Rajasthan.

Western India.

Consists of states: Gujarat, Maharashtra, partly - Madia Pradesh. Here you and the beaches for every taste, and sightseeing program, and rest in the mountains.

Goa

After such a race for attractions, tourists need to warm bones on popular beaches. I, like most travelers, the love of India began with this very little of its states. Hundreds of thousands of tourists come here every year behind the famous spirit of Freedom Hippie, Trans Parties and Drug Affordable Drugs. But there are other entertainment, Goa for everyone. Historical or cultural attractions here are not so much, but the beaches for every taste! And also good inexpensive hotels, delicious food, funny and friendly locals. - This is for lazy people and hedonists.

Maharashtra

The staff is located next to Goa, so it is very convenient to combine beach holidays and a little excursion program - it is possible to budgefully reach by bus in 12 hours. If you tired of looking at the sides in Goa, highlight a couple of days and look at the capital Maharashtra Mumbai, visit the ancient caves Ellora and Ajanta. Help from the heat, which begins on February-March, you can in the mountainous area. Of course, these are not calling this mountains. On the territory of the state runs the mountain chain Western Hhata. In colonial times, the British arranged here settlements - summer cottages. The most picturesque places are located in Nashchera, Matcheran, Chikhaldar. And do not forget to visit favorite place For the honeymoon of Indian newlyweds - Mahableshwar, the largest strawberry plantations of India.

South India.

India is clearly divided into north and south in the consciousness of its citizens. They have different languages, culture, architecture and much more. South India is extremely interesting for tourism. By the way, the beaches here are no worse than Giana.

Kerala

Kerala is called the edge of the gods, the birthplace of Ayurveda and the forge of health. Among our tourists, this state is not so popular as Goa (still! There is no cheap alcohol in open access, and life sweeps after 8 pm). But if you want to see an incredibly beautiful nature (Kerala is the most green state that I saw in India), improve your health or explore Ayurveda, do yoga for real Indian masters - come to Kerala.

Tamil Near

The southernmost state of India is radically different from all others. Tamils \u200b\u200bare proud of their culture and tongue, most do not know and does not recognize Hindi. Tourists come here to see the famous temples scattered throughout the state. It is they who are a business card of South India - high temple towers that are fully consisting of figures of gods painted in bright colors. After acquaintance with the most ancient in India, temples and full immersion in South Indiandian color, go to a small Europe - the Allied territory of Pondicherry, located in Tamil Nadu. Here you will probably forget what is traveling in India. Former French colony to this day pleases tourists by Promenade on a long promenade, the freshest coffee, hot croissants, cycling and colonial architecture.

Karnataka

The second Gown neighbor can also please the beachheads with a rich excursion program. Even if you have only two weeks of vacation, you can easily take 8 hours by car or bus to get to ancient capital The Vijayanagar Empire is a town that you can read about. There everything breathes the story, and the landscape resembles the surface of foreign planets. The main entertainment in addition to the inspection of numerous palaces and temples - dates with the sun. There are several places in the town that best enjoy the sunrise and sunset. In addition to Hampi, in Karnataka, you can see the city of Mysore Palaces or to visit the Indian Silicone Valley.

Eastern India

East India includes States West Bengal, Bihar, Orissa, Sikkim, Assam, Megalaya, Nagaland, Trapura, Manipur, Mizora, and Harunchal Pradesh.

West Bengal

The state examination can be started from its capital - Calcutta, one of the most colorful cities of India. This is the most English city in the country, because it was he who was the capital of British India. If you love the colonial architecture, be sure to come to Calcutta. But keep in mind that the old rich architecture creates a strong contrast with modern poverty. Was everyone watched the movie "Train to Darjeeling"? This mysterious city is just in West Bengal. If you want to take a break from dusty megalopolises - welcome to the mountain resort. Look with your own eyes how famous tea grows.

Top cities

Each Indian city has its own flavor. In order not to get lost in the huge list of attractions and cities, I offer my personal rating of places where there is always something to do the tourist.

• . Look at red double-decker buses in India, Victoria Station, English architecture, stroll one of one of the most beautiful embankments Marina Drive and drink beer in the famous Cafe "Leopold" (very expensive beer for India).

• . With our own eyes to see the rite of cremation, stroll through the age-old Hhathas, ride on the boat on the sacred gangu. And here you can learn (or try) Sanskrit or the game on some Indian Dudka.

• Rameshwaram. To be on the edge of the earth in the literal sense of the word. Rameshwaram is located on a small island, to get on which from the mainland can be one of the most dangerous in the world of Pammon bridges. The fact is that the bridge has no protective fences, and the rails are only in a pair of meters from water, which is why it seems that the train literally sails along the water surface. The greatest danger for passengers occurs when strong wind and storm. In Rameshwaram itself, you can take a ferry to (between the islands only 33 km).

• . To look at the Indian contrast between luxury and poverty in one of the largest cities of the country. Ride on the tram - they are not anywhere in India, except for Calcutta, or on a more traditional transport - Veloiksha. See the Communist India - stroll through the streets of Lenin, Ho Chi Minh, Karl Marx.

• Pondicherry.Here it is necessary to eat soft French bulls, putting them the most suitable coffee in India and go on a promenade. And also to melect in Aurobindo ashram and go to the city of the future Auroville.

For lovers of complete dive to local reality, it is possible to rent private apartments - more.

Islands

India has many islands, but not all of them are suitable for tourism. Travelers are sent most often on Andaman, Nicobar, Lakkadiv Islands.

Andaman and Nicobar Islands

Andamanas are located in the Bengal Bay of 1,400 km from the mainland. The best time to visit - from October to May. There are reserves on the islands, this is a closed zone, so tourists should be obtained by PermT (permission). The capital and largest city is Port Blair. It is here that you can get permission to enter. It is issued for 30 days, if you do not have a return ticket, then only 15. If you get to the Andamans by the sea, take care of receiving Permta in advance - in the office in Chennai or Calcutta.
To get to the paradise islands is very simple - there is an airport in Port Blair, which receives flights from Calcutta. If you are planning to go from, then cheaper than everything and easier will make a transplant in Chennai (you can reach it by train). Another option for Extreme lovers is to sail the ship from Calcutta or enter, but this method is not too popular among our tourists, the road can take several days.

There are ferries between the islands of different levels of comfort. From entertainment - diving, snorkeling, inspection of museums, there are several historical attractions. Housing on the islands is quite expensive and not too comfortable. There are also problems with transport and internet. Holidays on Andaman probably will like the lovers of silence and privacy. Do not wait from the islands of the service and amenities. In fact, it is the same India, only more wild and island.

Lakkadiv Islands

These islands are located in the Arabian Sea 400 km from the state. The best time to visit - from December to May. The group consists of 36 islands, of which only 10 are inhabited, and tourists are allowed only at 3 - Agatti, Kadmat and Bangars. To visit the islands, I also need permit, to get that can be used only in advance when issuing an Indian visa, writing the island into it.
You can get through the air and water. In both cases, you will have to go to Kochi - the city in Kerala. From here, airplanes fly and ships to the island of Agatti. Tickets for the plane cost less than 100 dollars one way. By sea, you can reach about 20 hours, however, the schedule of flights all the time changes depending on the weather conditions. Information is available on

Major entertainment is water species Sport, diving, snorkeling, fishing. Eco-tourism reigns on the islands, for the order and cleanliness carefully followed. There is no talk about the service, since except for several hotels and diving centers, there is nothing here. All that you may need a tourist (cosmetics, cigarettes, inexpensive alcohol, clothing) is better brought with you.

Top sights

Select 5-10-100 attractions of India is simply impossible. Even in my personal ranking of them much more. This country is so generous for vivid impressions that limit the circle to the most elected is very difficult. But I will try.

1. . A tiny village in the state of Karnataka is famous for the ruins of the former capital of the Vijayanar Empire. On the territory of 26 sq. Km. The palaces, temples, stables, once a great empire preserved. There are several very revered existing Hindu temples. One of them, the monkeys temple, is on high mountain, they lead almost 600 steps to it. In the center of the village itself on the square there is a Virupaksha Temple, his huge gopour (the main tower of the temple, it is the gate) in 48 meters it can be seen from any point of Hampi.
   
2. Fort Jaisalmer. This city is located near the border with Pakistan in the desert Tar. Jaisalmer nicknamed the golden city, especially picturesque it looks at dawn and at sunset, when a huge fort standing on the hill is illuminated by the rays of the sun. It was built in the 12th century, and people still live in it! All tourists also have such an opportunity, because most of the guesthouses are concentrated there. Do not miss the chance to live in the present fort!
   
3. Chand Bari. In all of India, real architectural miracles are scattered - stepped wells. Many of them are several hundred years. Candy Baori is one of the most ancient and large, this construction that resembles an inverted pyramid, has 3,500 steps. It is located in the city of Abanery in Rajastan. Previously, such wells supplied people with water in a dry climate, and today are a favorite place of traveler photographers.
   
4. Golden Temple. Harmanndir-Sahib is in Amritsar and is the main temple for Sikhs. Thousands of pilgrims attend him daily. The temple stands in the center of a large reservoir, you can go to it by long Bridge. Sikhism is a very interesting religion, their temples are not like any other. After hitting the territory of Harmanndir Sahib, you feel peace and bliss, despite the large cluster of people around. The energy of this place is very strong.
   
5. Minakshi Temple. The temple is located in Madurai in Tamil Nadu. It is one of the brightest samples of Tamil Temple Architecture. Minakshi Temple is surrounded by 14 gopurars - huge tower tower with a height of 40-50 m, each of which is covered with thousands of multi-colored sculptures. Tamil temples are the brightest and colorful in India.
   
6. Galta Ji. 3 km from Jaipur is the center of the pilgrimage of Galta Ji, on the territory of which stands Mankie Temple. At the top of the peak, Gelli was built a small temple of the Sun, which can be seen from almost any point of Jaipur. Be sure to visit these attractions at sunset, an excellent kind of guaranteed.
   
7. Mysure Palace. Mysore is a city of palaces, but the most impressive of them is Ambo Vilas, the former Residence Royal Family. The building with huge domes amazes its size and inner wealth. On weekends I. festive days In the evening the illumination of 96 thousand light bulbs turns on.
   
8. Temples Khajuraho. The famous Kama Sutra temples are located in a small village in Madhya Pradesh. About 20 monuments have been preserved to this day. The walls of these majestic structures are decorated not only by sculptures depicting lovers in intricate poses. Artists told about the life of the gods, rulers, mythical animals and much more. But Khajuraho became famous thanks to the images of love merits.
   
9. Station Chatrapati Shivaji. A huge operating station (previously wearing the name of Queen Victoria) is located in. Outside the building amazes with its scope - the station is made in a fried Victorian style with non-neosity elements. And inside is the usual Indian station with a crowded crowd.
   
10. Adam Bridge. He is the bridge of the frame, located in Rameshwarama, its origin is shrouded in legends. It represents a string of shames and coral islands between India and Sri Lanka with a length of 48 km. Up to 15th century, the bridge was pedestrian, but then he destroyed the storm. In the Indian epic "Ramayana" tells a beautiful story about how God Rama ordered to build a bridge from India in Sri Lanka to save his beloved Situ. Vorious it is just incredible beautiful place, This "Edge of the Earth".
    

Weather

The climate of India is extremely diverse. Thanks to this, you can visit the country at any time of the year - the main thing, choose the right state. Three major climatic seasons can be distinguished, which one way or another manifest themselves throughout the country:

• November-February is a dry season with cool weather, sunny.
• March-June is the most hot period of time, without precipitation.
• July - October - Rainy season.

India is almost entirely in the subequatorial belt, the weather depends on tropical monsoons. From the state of the climate can be very different. Since India has a huge area, different removal of the area from the ocean and height, temperature and precipitation differences are very contrasting.

The monsonic climate is most pronounced on the coast of the Arabian Sea - in the zone of the main resorts: and Kerala. From December to February, the coldest and dry period lasts here. The temperature of the day is an average of 25-27 degrees, and at night it drops to 18-20. This time is considered a peak of the tourist season. Cool nights, warm days, relatively calm sea. Since March, the heat starts growing and reaches his peak in May, the temperature rises to 33 degrees, it becomes stuffy and day, and at night. The wind increases, high waves rise to the sea, rains begin. In June, Musson comes, the sky is tightened by the clouds, the rains are increasingly, they will last until September.

On the coast of the Bengal Bay in the east of the country, the monsoon are not so pronounced. The contrast between the temperature day and night is much stronger. So, from December to February, the temperature may vary from 12 (minimum) to 29 degrees (maximum). This is the most comfortable time for tourism. The rains are unlikely. In May, the heat increases to 35 degrees and is being transferred much harder than on the west coast, as the humidity increases to 80%. July is the most rainy month.
In the north of India, the climate is more moderate. The coldest period is December-February. Temperature ranges from 10 to 20 degrees. At night and in certain areas in the afternoon, it can go below zero. If you are going to fly in or norther at this time, you must take warm things with you. From April to June, the heat lasts, the temperature reaches 40 degrees (in Rajastan and some other regions can be up to 50 degrees). Humidity on average is only about 45%. In July, rains begin and go until September.

Officially season B. tourist places India begins in October, at this time it is comfortable to travel within the country or relax on the beach. The peak of the season lasts from December to February. Starting from March, tourists smoothly move from the south of the country to the north, where the real spring comes. In the mountainous regions, it is comfortable in the entire summer and the beginning of autumn, and then move to south again. Here is such a cycle of tourists in India.

Moving around the country

The transport system in India is developed quite well both between cities and inside them. The only thing that is required of the traveler is to forget the word "comfortable" and remember that he is in India!

Between cities

The main plus travel in India is budgetary. The choice of transport is quite large, and the prices are very low!

Here are approximate prices for all three types of transport on the route Goa Mumbai:

• Train: Sleeper Class $ 6.2 (423 rupees), 11 hours on the way.
• Bus: $ 8.8 (600 rupees), 12 hours on the way.
• Airplane: $ 23.7 (1600 rupees), 1.5 hours on the way.

Within the city

On the city you can move not only by taxi. We continue to dive into the Indian life.

Car rental

Many travelers dream to take a car in India and ride on it around the country. Especially often such a desire arises in people who are afraid or not able to drive a scooter and a motorcycle. It may seem that the car for rent is a great output, suitable for a large company, will provide comfort and safety. Definitely yes. In any other country, but not in India. Here are some reasons why it is uncomfortable to take the car and difficult:

• If you are planning to travel by car from point A to point B, then take and pass you intend a vehicle in different places. Planning the route will not be easy. For example, the most common option is a journey from Delhi to: a car for rent in a large rolling office in the capital is easy to find, but it will most likely not be in the return point.
• Most companies providing cars for rent are private and small. Do not wait for good service from them. The machine may be in a bad technical condition. But the price is here below than in international hire companies.
• Movement on the roads of India is radically different from Russia. Machines here less than bikes. And this is explained - the road is narrow, crowded, there are no parking spaces. On Indian roads, equal participants in the movement are not only cars and bikes, but also pedestrians, cows, rickshaws, wagons ... the larger the city, the more crazy movement in it.
• When traveling in different states may occur with the police. The numbers of another state immediately rush into the eyes - you will be stopped more often, and if you do not have international rights, then the fine will have to pay at each post.

When renting transport in a private office, you will most likely not ask any documents. Maximum passport and driver's license. You can leave the owner a copy, but never give the original! The money is not allowed to leave money. If there are some damage on the machine or motorcycle, it is better to make photos in advance so that in the future the owner does not hang out other people's shoals.

Most tourists prefer to lease two-wheeled transport. It is cheaper, maneuvering and practical. If you get into the accident at the bike, repair it will be much cheaper than the car. From myself I can advise you to take a car for a trip to one state (maximum - with the arrival in the neighboring). For example, take the car in and go on the beaches, call the waterfall or in. For the daily rent car, you can take from $ 15 (1000 rupees) per day. You can get acquainted with car offers for rent.

Communication

Language and communication

I do not get tired of repeating: India - amazing country! Where else can I find a state where the language of each state is unique? Indians of the North may not understand the Indians from the south. Public languages \u200b\u200bof India are Hindi and English. But believe me, not all Indians speak or understand at least one of them. In total in the country 447 languages, 2 thousand dialects. 22 languages \u200b\u200bare official and used by governments of various states. Newspapers, radio, books - everything is produced not only on Hindi or English, but also in the language of the state. However, there is nothing to fear the tourist. In large tourist sites of the menu of restaurants, signboards, pointers in English. In big cities, many speak English.

10 phrases on Hindi

Especially teaching Hindi before the trip in India is not necessary: \u200b\u200bit is used in the north of the country and is absolutely not useful in the south. Remember several phrases on Hindi. They do not so much help you in a difficult situation as they will help deserve respect in the eyes of the local population. Literally a couple of expressions will show that you are not an indifferent tourist, but a traveler interested. So you can get a good discount when buying.

• Hello! (Goodbye!) \u003d Namaskar! (Namasha!)
• My name is ... \u003d Measure to us ... High.
• What is your name? \u003d Apka Cya Hi?
• Help me please. \u003d Kripaya, Muddad Madad Didjia.
• How to get to ... \u003d ... so Kais Pahuchu Ja Sakta High?
• How much does it cost? And then? \u003d Is (Us) shaft ka bhav kya high?
• Very (too) expensive. \u003d Bar Mahaga High.
• Give in price. \u003d - Bhav Kuchk Kam Kijiy.
• Many thanks for everything! \u003d Sab Kuchh Ke Lie Dhanyawad!
• Sorry \u003d Mafi Mugt Hu.

Features mentality

Many who visited India converge in a single opinion about the local population - Indians like children. Naive, kind, open, funny, noisy ... it's all about them. What features are Indians who most affect foreigners?

Food and Drinks

Indian cuisine is mostly vegetarian and very sharp. Fish and seafood in abundance can only be found on large sea resorts (, keral). All restaurants are divided into vegetarian and nonsense. In large cities you can find those and others. But even the short-circuited meaties do not suffer in India on vegetables and fruits. In such heat, it is much easier to do without meat than in Russia. In addition, Indian vegetarian cuisine is so diverse and rich that they do not have to miss the cutlets.

Spices play a huge role here. It is very difficult to find an unshakable and indirect dish. You can repeat the waiter as a "Know Spice" spell, but the chances of bringing something completely without spices is extremely small. Exit - to study the main dishes in advance and choose the least sharp for yourself, eat in places designed for tourists. Find in India the European, the so-called "continental", the kitchen is quite simple. Pizza, burgers, paste, steaks are present in any menu of a large restaurant (it's not about the Indian outback). In shopping centers on Food Corte you will easily find the usual cafe. But I strongly recommend fans of all authentic in local restaurants and on the street. Yes Yes! From Street Street Food do not die! It is very cheap and truly tasty. In an unsightly cafe with dirty furniture, a crowd of chumadic workers is sits and eat something harder? Urgently there! The local population eats rice, cakes, vegetable and bean gravy. All local fast food fry in deep fryer. You can have a snack anywhere. From morning to late night, small teahouses are working, where the famous Masala tea is served. There you can also taste local dishes. On the street there is a snack by 0.3-0.4 $ (20-30 rupees), a dense dinner in a local cafe will cost $ 1.5 (100 rupees), a meal in the tourist area - from $ 4.4 (300 rupees) and to infinity.

The kitchen of India varies depending on the region. In the north, non-vegetarian dishes are dominated, more breadfinds, in the west - fish and seafood, in the south - vegetarian dishes with rice and coconut. Indian sweets deserve special attention. They are served not only in restaurants, but also in abundance they sell in the markets. Be sure to try! The main ingredients of Indian cuisine: rice, legumes, vegetables, dairy products.

Beverages

• Bottled water is sold everywhere and costs $ 0.3 (20 rupees) per liter. In local cafes in front of you put a jug with filtered water for free. There is also soda water - Soda, drink it with lemon, sugar or salt. It is worth a penny.

• Best Milk Drink - Lassi. Served in any cafe and sold in bags in stores. It can be sweet, salty and with the addition of any fruit. A simple sweet Lassi most resembles our snowball drink. Be sure to try it in all kinds, especially recommended from Mango.
• Masala tea. National drink that can be spent forever. Incredibly sweet tea (almost syrup) with milk and spices. The most delicious is sold outside and costs $ 0.2 (5-10 rupees).

• Freshly squeezed juices. In Sheka on the seashore, it can be very expensive (up to $ 3 (200 rupees). Look for specialized Juse centers (there are in any major cities or in tourist zones). Prices for a glass of 0.4 $ (30 rupees). You will get fresh thick juice from any exotic fruit.
• Cane juice. Along roads you can see the cars with bells, which are passed through the press of the cane stalks. The resulting juice is mixed with lemon and sell $ 0.2 (10 rupees) per glass. Fresh and nice drink.

5 dishes that are worth trying

Shopping

In India, you can buy all the most necessary, however, specifically go there for purchases (as, for example, or) is not worth it. The benefit depends only on the dollar. If you want to purchase brand clothes or technique in India, you can navigate in advance at prices in the online store. All major cities have shopping centers in which popular European and Indian brands are represented. On the street markets for sale of local production at poker prices.

What you need to know about shopping in this country

The main rule of the shopping is Indian - bargaining, bargaining and bargaining again. You can bargain everywhere, except for places with fixed prices. Do not be afraid to offer your low price. If the seller does not agree to your offer, learn and think about how much you need a product. In 90% of cases, the trader will catch you up and agree to give a thing cheaper.

Most often on the street sell a cheap shringer. Do not hesitate to offer a low cost for it. Do not take a lot of things on a trip, everything you need can be bought in place. Such things are not a pity to attract one season and boldly throw away, knowing that they spent a little on the purchase. In any shop you will find T-shirts from $ 1.5 (100 rupees), pants-sharovar 1.5-2 $ (100-150 rupees), long skirts from $ 2 (150 rupees), Long and short sleeves shirts - from $ 3 (200 rupees). Such clothing is perfect for hot climate. Warm woolen things are sold in the northern regions: sweaters, jackets, caps, socks. All this is also inexpensive.

If you need brand things, go to shopping centers. In the season, prices from Russian do not differ, it is possible to break into the sale. Discounts take place at the same time as we are at the end of December and in June-July.

Top Cities for Shopping

If you need traditional shopping with many hours of walks shopping centers And breaks for lunch at McDonald's, you will probably enjoy in such cities as, Delhi,. Well, if you are a rare goods hunter, then study the map of India - in every region you can find something special. In the state of Himachal Pradesh in the Cool valley on small weaving factories, they make and shawls of excellent quality. Only natural very warm materials are used. Product design ethnic, but you can find options and for Russian daily socks. The price of Shali begins from $ 50. Also in the north there are many Tibetan shops (they are found throughout the country, but in the north the choice and prices are better). There you can find silver decorations: massive necklaces, bracelets, rings with natural stones. Popular with tourists singing bowls for meditation, incense, various antique products and Tibetan blankets from yak wool.

Rent a Car - Also aggregation of prices from all rollingrs, all in one place, go!

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Until the middle of the twentieth century, India was considered a country with a low level of urbanization. Most of her citizens were rural people. Little cities, such as Allahabad, Varanasi, Delhi, Patna, were a focus of an ancient culture that had arisen at the dawn of civilization. In the 80s of the last century, an urban boom occurred in the country. Major cities sharply crossed the millionth front. New urban agglomerations appeared. What are the largest in the area or population of the city of India? We consider a list of such subjects in this article. Now let's say only that in the number of citizens India ranks second in the world. It is inferior in this indicator only China.

Urbanization level growth dynamics

At the very beginning of the twentieth century, two thousand cities were not gained in a huge country around the country. Now their number has increased more than twice. In 1991, they had more than 4700. But not because of the number of cities, India "breathes in the back of China" by China. The urban settlements themselves are frightened as on yeast. In large agglomerations there are two thirds of the country's total population. But in 1901, only one Calcutta boasts a million in the inhabitants. But already in 1911, this line stepped over Bombay (the current Mumbai). In the middle of a century, there were already five millionniks in India, in 1981 - twelve, and in ten years old - twenty-three. The beginning of this century, the country met with 34 huge megalopolis, twelve of which had a population of more than two million people. The number of cities of India, the population of which exceeds 500 thousand, will soon pass over 300. Below we will look at the top 5 largest megalopolises of the country.

The largest in the number of population of the city of India

The list of the greatest megalopolises of the country is headed by Mumbai. Previously, this city was located on seven small islands in the Arabian Sea. But now the former Bombay captures and extensive mainland. The islands have long been laundered with each other with numerous jumpers. The rapid population growth was the construction of the British Cotton Factory in 1851. Then the hired workers from the countryside came to the city and settled in it. Now the megapolis in Maharashtra has (according to the 2011 census) 12,478,447 people. The remaining megacities included in the top 5 "most big cities India, "distributed as follows. The second position is the capital of the country of Delhi with a population of eleven million people. Then followed Chennai in Tamilnade (8,425 970), Hyderabad in the province of Andhra Pradesh (6 809 970) and Bangalore in Carnataka (5,570,585). Even in India there are more than fifteen megacities, where there are from one and a half to five million inhabitants.

Mumbai - the most populated city of India

At first, seven islets in the Arabian Sea captured the Portuguese. It happened in 1534. But already in the 1660s, they entered the attached Portuguese princess, married to the British King of Charles II. The British strongly contributed to the growth of the city. Earth dams are all the islands were interconnected and with the mainland. The historical part of Mumbai is located in the south. There is an old fort and erected in Indo-Muslim style, the famous "Gates of India". Administrative quarters are located at the Malabar Hill. Southern Islands appearance Remind European megapolis. In the north, the traveler will find slums, narrow streets and a minimum of infrastructure. The mainland and the port part is occupied by industrial enterprises. Together with surroundings, the agglomeration is inhabited about twenty million people. Thus, Mumbai deservedly received the title of the largest city of India.

Delhi

During the colonization of India, the British tend to build a new European part, leaving local residents a tangled labyrinth of old streets. It so happened that the major cities of India consist of two obviously different halves from each other. In Delhi, this division is particularly clearly. This city on the shore of Jamna has been many centuries the capital of different states. The fate itself was destined to lead the independent republic India. Although in 1911 the population of Delhi, along with suburbs, was only 214 thousand people. Now the agglomeration has about fifteen million. Old Delhi (Shahdjahanabad) is a chaotic building with benches, handicraft workshops, bazaars, hindu temples and mosques. The main street of this part of the city is Candy Choek (Silver). She rests on the famous Lal Kila (Red Fort). New Delhi was erected to the south of the old in 1911 by the project of Edwin Luthens. He was conceived and implemented in life as a "garden city". Radial-ring layout prospectuses are diverted with rays from Cannaut's Square. In New Delhi there is a government quarter of Rashtra-Party Bhavan.

Kolkata

The most familiar name for the European name of this city of India is Calcutta. Megapolis is located in Delta Ganges, at the place of the sign of Hugli. The city was formed in 1690 in place of three villages by an employee of the East India British company Job Charnok. The rapid growth of Calcutta was worried from 1773 to 1911. Then she was the capital of the colony of British India. When Bangladesh, industry, previously tied up with East Bengali, was formed in 1947. And with the transfer of the capital in Delhi, the growth of Calcutta and slowed down at all. Nevertheless, she still takes the position of the second industrial city of India. Contrasts are also most noticeable here in the standard of living of the population. More than half a million people do not have roofs above the head.

Chennai

Until recently, the name of this major city of India was different - Madras. It was founded in 1639 by the British as the most southern Fort of the East India Company. The city spread along the Bengal bay of twenty kilometers. Local Marina Beach is considered one of the best in the world. Chennai, like the Kolkata, is the city of contrasts. Next to gorgeous skyscrapers are pumped by whole quarters square kilometers of slums. About thirty percent of the inhabitants of this metropolis are deprived of any sanitary and hygienic conditions. Chennai - the capital of the province of Tamilad. Cars, bicycles, wagons are produced here.

Hyderabad and Bangalore

These large towns of India are not like each other. Hyderabad Slanged for his centuries-old history. There are many temples (Hindu, Islamic, Christian), palaces and samples of colonial architecture. Once it was the capital of Nizamov - rulers, rich in diamonds. It is concerned that they even have clothes were woven from golden threads and snapped with pearls. Hyderabad is a recognized center of Islamic culture in the country. Bangalore is full of his opposite. It was electrified earlier than other large towns of India. And now it houses the centers of high-tech companies. Because of this, Bangalore received his second name - the Silicone Valley of India. A large flow of tourists traditionally rushes to this city, which is also called the capital of pubs.

False India is of great interest to tourists. In this country there are thousands of old attractions that will be interested in any traveler. India is home to such religions as Buddhism and Jainism. However, millions of foreign tourists arrive annually in India not only, for example, to visit those places where Buddha preached. In India, there are now a large number of attractions, spa resorts, as well as ski and beach resorts.

Geography of India

India is located in South Asia. In the West, India borders with Pakistan, in the northeast - with China, Nepal and Bhutan, and in the East - with Myanmar and Bangladesh. In the south, India is washed by the Indian Ocean, in the south-west - Arabian Sea.. In the south-west of the country there is a Bengal bay. The total area of \u200b\u200bthis country is 3,287,590 square meters. km, including islands, and the total length of the state border - 15 106 km.

India belongs to several islands. The biggest ones are the Lakkadiv, Andaman and Nicobar Islands in the Indian Ocean.

On the territory of India from the north to the northeast stretched mining system Himalayas. SAMI high top In India, the Kingchengungung mountain, whose height reaches 8,856 meters.

In India there are several very large rivers - ind (his length is 3,180 km) and Gang (its length is 2,700 km). Among other Indian rivers should also be distinguished by Brahmaputra, Jamunu and Cauchy.

Capital

The capital of India is New Delhi, in which about 350 thousand people now live. New Delhi became the capital of India at the beginning of the 20th century. The "old" city in New Delhi was built in the middle of the XVII century by Emperor Shah-Jahan, the ruler of the Great Mughal Empire.

Official language

Official language in India - Hindi. In turn, English is "auxiliary state language" in India. In addition, in this country 21 more languages \u200b\u200bhave official status.

Religion

More than 80% of the population of India confess Hinduism. More than 13% of the inhabitants of this country are Muslims, more than 2.3% of Christians, about 2% - Sikhi, and 0.7% - Buddhists.

Public Device of India

According to the current Constitution of 1950, India is the parliamentary republic. Her chapter is the president elected by the Special Collegium for 5 years (this board consists of deputies of parliament and members of state fees).

Parliament in India Two-Palace - Council of states (245 deputies) and the People's Chamber (545 deputies). Executive power in this country belongs to the President, Prime Minister and the Council of Ministers.

The main political parties in India - the Indian National Congress, "Bharacy of Janat Party", the Socialist Party, the Communist Party of India, the National People's Party, etc.

Climate and weather

The climate in India varies from the tropical monsoon in the south to moderate in the north. A great influence on the climate in India is given by Himalayas, the Indian Ocean, as well as the desert of Tar.

In India, three seasons are distinguished:
- From March to June - Summer
- From July to October - Monsp
- From November to February - Winter

Average annual temperature Air in India - + 25.3c. The hottest month in India is May, when the average maximum air temperature is + 41c. The coldest month is January, when the average minimum temperature is + 7c. The average annual precipitation is 715 mm.

Average temperature in New Delhi:

January - + 14C
- February - + 17c
- March - + 22c
- April - + 28c
- May - + 34c
- June - + 34c
- July - + 31c
- August - + 30c
- September - + 29c
- October - + 26c
- November - + 20c
- December - + 15c

India sea and oceans

In the south, India is washed by the Indian Ocean, in the southwest - the Arabian Sea. In the south-west of the country there is a Bengal bay. The shared coastline in India, including the islands, is more than 7.5 thousand km.

The average temperature of the sea near Goa, India:

January - + 28c
- February - + 28c
- March - + 28c
- April - + 29C
- May - + 30c
- June - + 29c
- July - + 28c
- August - + 28c
- September - + 28c
- October - + 29c
- November - + 29c
- December - + 29c

Rivers and lakes

In India there are two systems of rivers with different "power" mode. These are the Himalayan Rivers (Ganges, Brahmaputra, etc.) and rivers flowing into the ocean - Godavari, Krishna and Mahanadi.

On the territory of India also flows one of the most long rivers In the world - ind, whose length is 3,180 km.

As for the lakes, they are not very much in India, but, nevertheless, among them there are very beautiful. The largest Indian lakes are Chilica, Sambhar, Kero, Lockat, and Vural.

History

Neolithic settlements of people on the territory of modern India appeared approximately 8 thousand years ago. In 2500-1900 BC. In Western India existed the first urban culturewhich was formed around the cities of Mohenjo Daro, Harapp, and Dhalavir.

In 2000-500 BC. Hinduism is distributed in India, and in the same period a custom system, consisting of priests, warriors, free peasants begins there. Subsequently, caste of merchants and servants were formed.

Approximately the V century BC. In India, there were already 16 independent states - Majajanapada. At the same time, two religions were formed - Buddhism, the founder of which Siddhart Gautama Buddha, and Jainism, who founded Mahavira.

In the VI century BC. Some territories of India were conquered by Persians, and in the IV century, Alexander Macedonian troops conquered some of the northwestern parts of this country.

In the second century BC. Of his heyday reaches the kingdom of Maurev, who conquered several neighboring Indian states.

In the first century BC. Indian kingdoms led trade with ancient Rome. In the VII century, most Indian kingdoms were united by King Harsha into a single state.

In 1526, the Great Mughal Empire was founded on the territory of modern India, the rulers of which were descendants of Genghis Khan and Timur.

In the XVII-XIX centuries, the English East India company, who had even his Orgomnoy Army, hosted on the territory of modern India.

In 1857, the so-called occurred. "Sipaev's uprising" whose discontent just called the East India Company. After the suppression of the "rebellion of Sipaev", the British were eliminated by the East India Company, and India became the colony of the British Empire.

In the 1920s, a massive national liberation movement against the power of the United Kingdom began in India. In 1929, the United Kingdom entered India's rights of the dominion, but it did not help the British. In 1947, India's independence was declared. Part of the Indian territories after a while became an independent state of Pakistan.

India was accepted in the UN back in 1945 (though, then this country was still British India).

Culture

India is a country with a huge cultural heritage. Indian culture provided (and continues to provide influence not only on neighboring countries, but also to other states located far from it.

Until now, in India there is a custom system of society, thanks to which Indian culture retains all its traditional values.

An expression of Indian traditions is music and dancing. Nowhere in the world there is nothing more like.

Tourists in India we recommend that you have to see the local festival and parades that there are a lot there. During festivals, the processions of elephants, musical ideas, "Tigrin Dances", Fireworks, Distribution of Sweets, etc. are often held. The most famous Indian festivals are the festival of onas (devoted to the memory of the mythical king of Bali), "Tea Festival" in Calcutta, "Diwali", "Ratha-Yatra" ("Holiday chariots"), "Dusser" in Delhi, "Ganapati Festival" in honor God Ganesh.

It should also be noted an interesting holiday of the sisters and the Raksha Bandhan brothers, celebrated every year in July. On this day, sisters assign the wrist of brothers with scarves, ribbons that protect against evil forces. In turn, the brothers give their sisters to various gifts and swear to defend them.

Kitchen India

Indian cuisine is known worldwide the use of spices. It is thanks to the Indians in the world various seasonings and spices were distributed, including black pepper and curry.

India is a very big country, and therefore it is not surprising that each of its region has its own culinary traditions. However, for all regions of India is characterized by rice. This product is the basis of Indian cuisine.

It is believed that the inhabitants of India are vegetarians, as required by their religious doctrine. However, meat dishes are quite popular in India, because there are still Muslims in this country. The most famous Indian meat dish is "Tanundori Chickens", when the chicken is marinated in spices, and then bake in a special oven. Other famous Indian meat dishes are "Biriani" (chicken with rice), Gusta (the meatballs stew in yogurt with spices).

In general, meat dishes most often enter the diet of residents of the North India. Fish and seafood are popular in coastal areas, and vegetables - in southern India.

Tourists in India We also recommend also try soup "gave", Wheat soup "Naan", Sabji's vegetable Ragu, Capati's rice pellets and Samba, Kichari (Tilled rice with Masha and Spices), "Jalesibi "(Fritters in syrup)," Rz "(balls from cottage cheese)," Galab-Dzhamun "(yogurt with flour and almond).

Traditional non-alcoholic Indian drinks - Dhai (Prostokwash or Yoghurt), Raita (yogurt with mint and grated cucumber).

Attractions of India

In India, so many attractions that it is difficult for us to highlight the most interesting of them. Perhaps the top ten Indian attractions, in our opinion, may be the following:

The construction of a red fort in Delhi began in 1638, and ended - in 1648. This strengthening was built by the order of the Emperor of the Empire of the Great Mogolov Shah-Jahan. Now the Red Fort is included in the list world Heritage UNESCO.

Taj Mahal was built in 1653 by order of Shah-Jahan, the emperor of the Empire of the Great Mughal. This mausoleum was built 20 thousand people for 20 years. Now Taj Mahal is included in the UNESCO World Heritage List.

Minaret Kutb Minar in Delhi

The height of this brick minaret is 72.6 meters. His construction continued from 1193 to 1368.

Elephant cave near Mumbai

In the cave elephants there is a Underground Temple of Shiva with its sculptures. It was built several thousand years ago. Now the cave elephants are included in the UNESCO World Heritage List.

The first small temple on the territory modern City Hampi was built in the 7th century AD. He gradually built other religious buildings around him, and after some time there was a huge beautiful temple complex in Hampi.

Harmanndir-Sahib Bole is known as the Golden Temple. This is the most important religious construction for Sikhs. The construction of the "Golden Temple" in Amritsare began in the XVI century. In the XIX century, the upper floors of this temple were covered with gold.

Buddhist monks began to cost their Ajanta caves about the II century BC. These caves were abandoned by about 650 AD. Only in 1819 the British accidentally stumbled upon the cave of Ajanta. Until our days in these caves, unique frescoes are preserved, telling about the life of people in the distant past.

This fort was built near the city of Amber in 1726. According to the legend, once a large gun in the world was placed in Fort Jaigarch (it can be seen now, because an old fort is a museum now).

Palace Raj Hhat in Delhi

In this palace there were cremated Mahatma Gandhi, Indira Gandhi and Rajiv Gandhi.

Pearl Mosque in Agra

This mosque in Agra was built in the middle of the XVII century under the emperor Shah-Jahan. No, there are no pearls in this mosque, just her dome is very shine in the sun.

Cities and resorts

The largest Indian cities are Mumbai, Delhi, Bangalore, Calcutta, Chennai, Hyderabad, Ahmedabad, Pune, Surat, and Kanpur.

In India there are a large number of beautiful sea resorts With magnificent beaches. Sand on Indian beaches white, small. The most popular beach resort in India is Goa. Among other Indian beach resorts, it is necessary to name the following: Andra Pradesh, Gugarat, Karnataka, Kerala, Maharashtra, Orissa, Tamil Nad, as well as beaches on Andaman, Nikobar and Lakkadiv Islands.

In India there are several ski resorts that are considered the best in Asia. Of course, S. ski slopes Austria, Italy and Switzerland of the Winter Resorts of India cannot be compared. However, for those travelers who love to ski, and which at the same time want to meet unique India, - rest in Indian ski resorts will be remembered forever.

The most popular ski resorts in India - Auli, Diara-Bugayl, Mundala, Munchiari, Solang, Narkan, Kufri, and Gulmarg. By the way, the Skiing Season in India continues from mid-December to mid-May.

Many foreign tourists in India come to relax on spa resorts. Indian spa centers offer customers various Ayurvedic programs. Mediums of such spa resorts should, first of all, name Beach & Lake, Ayurma, and Ananda.

Souvenirs / Shopping

Before you go to India, think about what you want to buy there. Otherwise, Indian traders in the bazaars and shops will encourage many different unnecessary goods to you, and you will lose thousands of rupees. Tourists from India We recommend bringing the Indian tea, various incense, bracelets (glass, metal, precious metals), amulets, mascots, souvenir products from marble (for example, a small marble taj mahal), scarves, shawls, sari (traditional Indian dress ), leather shoes, sets of indian dry spicy mixes, paint from henna, carpets, musical instruments (for example, drums or elegant wooden flute).

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