The name of the country comes from Indonesian "Papuv", which means "curly".

Capital Papua New Guinea. Port Morsby.

Papua New Guinea. 462840 km2.

Popua New Guinea. 5049 thousand people.

Location Papua New Guinea. Papua- New Guinea - The state in, in the south-western part, is mainly new Guinea (Eastern part), Bismarck, (northern part) and takes about 200 more islands.

Administrative division Papua New Guinea. The state is divided into 19 provinces and 1 metropolitan district.

Form of the Board of Papua New Guinea. .

Head of State Papua New Guinea. Queen, represented by the Governor-General.

Supreme Legislative Papua New Guinea. One-Paraded National Parliament.

Higher executive agency Papua New Guinea. Government.

Large cities of Papua New Guinea. La, Madang.

Official language Papua New Guinea. English, Pondean-Inglish, Hiri-Mota.

Religion Papua New Guinea. 34% - Hunting traditional beliefs, 22% -, 16%-reader, 8% - Presbyterians, Methodists and members of the London Missionary Society, 5%-Kane, 4% - An Evangelical Alliance, 1% -adventists of the seventh day, 1 % - the rest of the Protestant communities.

Ethnic composition of Papua New Guinea. 84% - Papuans, 16% - Melanesians, Chinese, Anglo-,.

Currency Papua New Guinea. Kina \u003d 100 Toya.

New Guinea

Located in the western part, at a distance of 150 km north of Australia, with which is divided by Torres. From the southern part of the island is washed by two seas: and.

New Guinea It is the second largest island in the world (the championship of about. Greenland). The total area of \u200b\u200bthe island is 829 thousand km 2. The population of the island has a little more than three million people. At the moment, the territory of the island belongs to two states: Indonesia (Western New Guinea - Irian Jaya Province) and Papua - New Guinea (Southeast Part islands). At the same time, the western part of the island is considered asia, and the eastern Oceania.

New Guinea coastal stripes are uneven. With the western and eastern parts, they are quite rated by the bays of Sareera, Berau and Hyuon. From the northern part of the coast of high, often ending with cliffs. In this part of the island of large, protected areas of the sushi bays. South side about. New Guinea, on the contrary, has a flat coast and a major bay of Papua.

The structure of the coastal lanes of New Guinea is due to the features of the relief of the island. Most of it square occupy mountain hills. The height of individual ridges of the mountain range, stretching from the eastern to the western part of the island, sometimes reaches 3000 - 4000 m. In the northern part of the island, the mountain height is slightly lower - only 1000-2000 m, but on its territory there are a large number of volcanoes, many of which are active . In the southern part there is plain, which flows several rivers.

The island is located near the equator and has a tropical climate, which causes a large variety of plants and animal species on it. There are only more than 11,000 species of plants, more than 1,500 species of birds, amphibians and mammals.

Approximately 250 thousand square kilometers occupy, are the isons of coral-limestone origin. Directly limestones lie at a depth of approximately one and a half thousand meters. The Bahamas archipelago includes approximately seven hundred islands and reefs. The largest island of the archipelago is the island of Andros. Karst forms of relief are very common on the islands (that is, the deep removal of limestone rocks with further flooding with water or flexing the relief). [...]

New Guinea - Island in the West Pacific Ocean, the second largest island of the Earth (after Greenland), the island area is 786 thousand km². Disted from Australia Torres Strait. From the south is washed by the Arafur and Coral seas. Climate Equatorial and subequatorial. Wet tropical forests grow. The western part of the island is the territory of Indonesia, and the East occupies the state of Papua - New Guinea. Located in the west of the Pacific Ocean, New Guinea island is north of Australia (separated from her Torres Strait) and is its link with Asia. From point of view physical geography Usually refers to Oceania. Politically island is divided approximately equally equally between Indonesia and Papua - New Guinea, so the Western Indonesian part from a political and economic point of view often belongs to Asia.

The island is the largest islandseparated between countries. In the western part rises mountain array Maoca, whose highest peak under the name Punchak jaya reaches 4884 m above sea level. In the East there are Mountains Bismarck, whose the highest point - Mount Wilhelm - has 4509 m. long river Islands is the sepik river.

Flora, Fauna

New Guinea is a tropical island and therefore has a very large variety of species. It inhabits 11 thousand species of plants, 600 unique bird species, over 400 types of amphibians, 455 species of butterflies and about a hundred famous mammalian species.
Along the shores of New Guinea is extension wide (places up to 35 km) bar of mangrove vegetation. This trap zone is completely impassable, and you can cross it, only floating on the rivers. Wild sugar cane thickets are growing along the rivers, and in wetlands - groves of sage palm trees.
Thick wet tropical forests formed by hundreds of trees rising on the slopes of the mountains. However, now there is also plantations and gardens. Coconut palms, bananas, sugar cane, melon, tubers - Tarot, Yams, Batat, Manica and other cultures are growing. Gargets alternate with forests. The land plots are cultivated only 2-3 years, then for 10-12 years we will overgrow forest. Thus restored fertility. Above 1000-2000 m forest becomes more monotonous in composition, coniferous rocks are beginning to prevail, especially araucaria. These trees have economic significance: their wood
- valuable building material. However, the delivery of the sawed forest is difficult because of the small number of good roads. The highlands of New Guinea are covered with shrubs and meadows. In the intermountainable basins, where the climate land is common, herbal vegetation spread, which arose on the place of forests mainly as a result of fires. The animal world is represented by reptiles, insects and especially numerous birds. For the fauna of mammals, as well as in the neighboring Australia, only representatives of the sampling - Bandicut (Sumparent Badger), Wallaby (Woody Kangaroo), Couscus, and others in the forests and on the coast there are a lot of snakes, including poisonous, and lizards. W. sea coast and B. large rivers There are crocodiles and turtles. The birds are characterized by Casuara, paradise birds, crowded pigeons, parrots, weed chickens. Europeans brought to the island of home chickens, dogs and pigs. Wild pigs, as well as rats, field mice and some other animals spread widely through the territory of the island.

Information

• Aquatorium: Pacific Ocean
• Countries: Indonesia, Papua - New Guinea
• Regions: West Papua, Papua, Momas, Papua, Highlands
• Area: 786,000 km²
• The highest point: 4884 M.
• Population (2010): 9 500,000 people.
• Population density: 12,087 people / km²

Papua-New Guinea is an independent state in Oceania. It takes eastern part New Guinea islands, northern part Solomon Islands, Bismarck and Louisiada archipelago and more than two hundred and other small rifes and islands in the southwestern part of the Pacific Ocean.

The etymology of the state name is interesting. It happened from Malaya " papuwa", Which is translated into Russian as" curly" This is the island received in 1526 from the Portuguese of Menesha, who surprised the hair of the local population. After 20 years, Intis de Retes arrived on the island, who gave this place the name of New Guinea. In his opinion, the locals were like Guinean Aborigines who lived in Africa.

The name of the country has changed several times from the beginning of European colonization and before the independence of independence. Only in 1975 the island became officially called Papua New Guinea.

Capital	Port Moresby
Number of population	6 187 591 people.
	461.7 thousand km²
Population density	13 people / km²
	english, Tok-Pisin, Hiri-Mota
Religion	most of the population - Christians, the rest adhere to local traditional beliefs
Form of government	a constitutional monarchy
Timezone
International Area Code
Domain zone on the Internet
Electricity

The islands of this state are surrounded by thousands of reefs, lagoon, underwater plateau, on which a unique marine life is boil. Immediately you can plunge into the world of sunken ships, who disappeared from the face of the earth in the times of the Great Epoch geographic discoveries and World War II.

Climate and weather

In the country reign tropical climate With high humidity. As a rule, this area is characterized by the weather stability throughout the year. The average daily temperature is about +26 ºС, and seasons differ from each other only by the number of drop-down precipitation, so it is not possible to divide on the winter and summer, but on the rainy season and dry season. True, for each place these seasons come at different times.

Understanding are only coastal areas. Concerning mountain areas, the local climate is significantly different from the flat. The temperature here is much lower, but precipitation is much more. At an altitude of more than 2500 m, the temperature on average does not exceed +10 ºС. Throughout almost the entire time in the mountains there is a small drizzling rain, from time to time you can get under Grad.

Nature

The nature of this area is unique. You will no longer meet such a variety of animal and floral world.

Most of the surfaces of all New Guinea islands are covered with multiple mountains. The main part of the territory is raised to the height from 1000 meters above the ocean level. At the same time there are such mountains that reach a height of 4.5 km, which relates them to the belts of eternal snow. There are 18 acting volcanoes on the territory of Papua-New Guinea.

The vegetable and animal world of these places is characterized by a special diversity. More than 20,000 different plant species can be found in this area. Wide strip mangrove plants (at times up to 35 kilometers) goes along the shores of New Guinea. This terrain is very faster, therefore it is impassable. You can only cross it on the rivers, along which the wild thickets of sugar cane and groves of sage palm trees are located.

In dense tropical wet forests, hundreds of types of trees grow, and recently gardens and whole plantations have become more and more often. It is customary to grow sugar cane, coconut palms, bananas and suchcasters such as a batt, yams, tarot, manium and others. Only two or three years, the gardens are subject to cultivation. After that, the terrain overcomes the forest for the next 10-12 years. So local residents maintain soil fertility.

Where the forests rise to a height of 1000-2000 meters, the vegetation is becoming more and more monotonous. Mostly there are coniferous breeds, in particular - araucariahaving a lot of economic importance, as the valuable building material is obtained from their wood.

On highlands prevail meadows and shrubs. And in the basins of the mountains, where the climate is dry, herbal vegetation is more common.

The animal world is also diverse. Especially much in these places of reptiles, insects and, of course, birds. As in neighboring Australia, mammals are represented by more sophisticated animal breeds - Wallaby, Bandicut, Couscous. On the banks of the rivers can be found turtles and crocodiles. The bird world represent such unique exhibits as heavenly birds, casual, vengeous pigeons, weed chicken and parrots. And with Europeans in this world, pigs came, homemade chickens and dogs.

sights

There are a lot of natural attractions on the territory of Papua New Guinea. One of the main is the shield dual-service volcano Hyluvewhich is located in Satern Highlands. The volcano - the second highest top of the country reaches 4368 meters and is the highest throughout Oceania and Australia. Alpine onions are located along its entire surface.

In addition to the large number of historical and natural attractions, there is a huge archaeological monument - the agricultural settlement of Cook, a better known in the world called swamp Cook. It is located on Western Highlands, at an altitude of more than one and a half kilometers above sea level. Square this historical monument equals 116 hectares. Since 1960, archaeological excavations and research are conducted here.

Another famous natural attraction is the River Natural bayer Reserve other natural reserves, parks, gardens, each of whom is unique and unique. The Bayer Reserve itself is 55 km from Mount Hagen, in the Bayer River Pool. It is here that best to get acquainted with animals and floral world These places.

A popular location is Lake Kutbu, in whose waters there are several types of rare fish. It is 800 meters above sea level in southern Highlands and covers an area of \u200b\u200b49 km² (more than Lake Murray). The reservoir is surrounded by wetlands and wetlands, which are protected by the state.

Varirata National Park, which is the first national park of the country, is located 42 km from the capital and takes more than a thousand hectares. Once this territory was the hunting venue of the tribes. This time is devoted to the object of cult destination - the "wood-house" of the Koyaris tribe.

National botanical Park In the capital ranked one of the main tourist facilities of the country. This place is regularly visited by thousands of tourists from all over the planet, as well as local residents from different regions. The park is known for a gigantic collection of orchids, suspended trails and a "vegetable map" of the country.

The next mandatory place to visit should be " Gardens Eden"In the mountains, the foya is a unique rainforest, not touched by civilization, isolated from the outside world, where there is no path or track.

The best place to get acquainted with local architecture, history, culture and nature can only be National Museum . All the diverse and rich legacy of the state is collected in this truly spiritual center. The museum is made in the form of a complex consisting of many rooms located in different parts of the capital.

Food

National food is quite different from the usual European type. Local kitchen Posted by dishes from meat and fish with the addition of different vegetables (as a rule, in stewed form) and fruits (papaya, mango, pineapples, bananas, maracuya).

The basis of traditional cuisine of this country is Kaucau, Tarot, Sago, Poam and Pig. Popular local dish is " mu Mu"- a mixture of sweet potatoes, pork, greenery, rice, spices.

However, thanks to a very well-developed tourism and flow of foreign (in particular, European) guests, Chinese, European, Indonesian restaurants and cafes are increasingly opening. Filipino and Australian beer are common as alcoholic beverages on Papua-New Guinea.

Accommodation

There are many opportunities in Papua-New Guinea in order to spend the night with comfort. At the same time, everyone will find an acceptable price category. Those who finance do not allow to lose, can stop at any time local residents Practically for free, spending only symbolically, for breakfast.

Those who want more cozy conditions offer a hotel Kimbe Bay.. Around it are located tropical gardens, and not far from the building there coral reefsWhere you can spend the ideal time by diving. The hotel will delight its guests with air conditioning, free internet and cozy rooms. There are 2 bars and 2 restaurants.

In the port Kimbe there is another worthy hotel, Kimbe Bay West New Britain, whose windows overlook the coast. He stands right on the island highway New Britain. Every morning in the hotel's restaurant you can enjoy a buffet. During the rest of the time you can try national exotic dishes of any country in the world. The hotel has a currency exchange point, as well as guarded parking.

Entertainment and recreation

In Papua New Guinea, you can find a huge number of different entertainment.

One of the most colorful and distinctive local fun is a large-scale folk festival of dance " Sing Sing" In September, it is carried out in the city of Goroka at the foot of the mountain in memory of the founding day of the country. Every year more than 90 Papuan tribes come here from all islands of the state (and about 600 them!). Thousands of aborigines in combat coloring, in national clothes and decorations are combined to jointly execute the traditional dance "Sing-Sing", sing, beaten in the drums, conduct ritual rites and simply communicate. Due to the fact that the festival is a multinational living and cheerful musical action, a huge number of tourists and ethnographers are flowing here from all countries of the world. Here guests can purchase unique souvenirs of the festival, which will remind of a holiday over long years.

Lovers of club life will definitely like in the nightclub Lamana Gold Club.. It is located in the heart of the Lamana Hotel in the capital and wears the title of the biggest and best nightclub of the entire Papua New Guinea. There are launches fireworks and dance under open sky On two dance floors. Tourists have five bars, karaoke, game rooms and live music.

Purchases

In Papua New Guinea, a huge number of shops where you can buy unique local goods. Remember that here in the markets and in stores it is not accepted to bargain.

All stores work, as a rule, five days a week and open from 9 am to 5 pm. Saturday - a working day, just not until the evening, and before o'clock the day. Some shops are open and Sunday.

In a large number of large shopping centers and restaurants you can make international payments credit cards. But with the search for ATMs may arise problems. They are only in the capital, but you can only use them if you have an account in local banks. The use of credit bridge in the province will be almost impossible.

In most major cities, you can exchange cash checks. But all branches may not work with travelers, so it is worth getting ready for big queues.

In many remote areas, the country will receive only local currency. At the same time, you can practically hope for the delivery, because there is a clear shortage of small bills.

Transport

Between new Guinea and the rest of the islands have been established coastal shipping. Main the airport Located in the capital - Port Morsby.

In this country, it is customary to take car rentalTo be able to independently inspect all the beauty of this area. True, the car will give you only if you have driver's license, driving experience and credit card.

But the system taxi It is not developed, because there are practically no central roads in the country.

After you arrive at your local airport, we recommend that you immediately purchase a telephone sim card of a local telecom operator. If you need to call abroad, then you can do it in any negotiation point or through the operator from the hotel where you stop.

Be sure to record the numbers of the first need, which you may need - the police can be called by phone 000, in the fire service - 110, and I will call at 3256822 by calling.

Safety

The main problem in the territory of Papua New Guinea is fraud. There are often cases of theft of car and petty street crime. And the local police often tries to make money on the same tourists. Especially high crime in major citiesFor example, in the capital of Port Morsby. There you can observe such a gangster phenomenon as " raskolism"- a special system of youth gangs that are engaged in killings, kidnapping of people, violence, extortion, robbery and theft.

Before your trip, we recommend making vaccination against malaria, cholera and typhus. True, it does not concern those tourists who will eat exclusively in hotels and restaurants. All travelers older than one year are also recommended to make vaccination against hepatitis B, tetanus, diphtheria, Japanese encephalitis, poliomyelitis. In recent years, there has been much more than AIDS in the country.

Be careful with cuts and other skin damage, because even the most harmless scratch or skin irritation in the realities of this climate can bring you a lot of problems.

Business climate

In Papua New Guinea a huge amount useful resourcesTrue, in the conditions of this locality, their mining is quite difficult. However, two thirds of currency income are brought to the country of the development of gold deposits, copper ore and oil.

The main industry in the local industry is the production and processing of silver, gold, oil, cooking, copper, copper ore, wood processing, palm oil production and construction.

Considerable profit brings states and agriculture. Here they grow cocoa, coffee, coconuts, copp, sugar cane, tea, sweet potatoes, rubber, vegetables, fruits, vanilla. Shrimps, crabs and other seafood are also being exported. The main buyers of all these natural wealth are Japan, Australia and China.

• Upon arrival in the country, you will be able to change the currency for local banknotes everywhere. This can be done not only in banking offices, but also in hotels, airport, large shopping centers. There are also private exchange offices that are engaged in exchange.
• In Papua New Guinea, it is not customary to leave tips. The amount that is indicated in the account is, as a rule, the final one.
• You should know that any non-bottled water is unsuitable for use.
• Some varieties of sharks are floating around the island, as well as many different poisonous marine creatures.
• It is forbidden to import antiques, weapons, wild animals and birds, seeds and plants, pornographic and drugs and drugs. But to export from the country forbidden antiques and all that was found on the seabed.

Visa

Russian citizens should open a visa before the trip to Papua New Guinea. Embassies of this country in Russian Federation No, so for the design of a tourist visa to contact Brussels, the consular department in London or the Australian Embassy in Moscow. Depending on the selected visa option chosen, the order of payment of the consular fee is changed, the procedure for submitting documents and the timing of a visa.

To date, the consular fee is $ 35.

Address of the Australian Embassy in Moscow: Alley of Podkolokol, d.10a / 2.

Phone: (+7 495) 956 6070.

The consulate in St. Petersburg is located on Petrovsky Prospekt, D.14, Pom. 22nd.

Phone: (+7 812) 334 3327.

Go to navigation Go to search

New Guinea
Indone. Pulau Irian, Eng. New Guinea, Tok Pisin Niugini
The political division of New Guinea
Characteristics
Area	786 000 km²
The highest point	4884 M.
Population	9,500,000 people (2010)
Population density	12.09 people / km²
Location
5 ° 19 'Yu. sh. 141 ° 36 'in. d.
Aquatorium	Pacific Ocean
Countries
Regions	West Papua, Papua, Momas, Papua, Highlands
New Guinea on Wikisklad

New Guinea (Indones. Pulau Irian, English. New Guinea, Tok-Pisin Niugini) - Island in the West of the Pacific Ocean, the second island (after Greenland), the island area - 786 thousand km². Disted from Australia Torres Strait. From the south is washed by the Arafur and Coral seas. Climate Equatorial and subequatorial. Wet tropical forests grow. The western part of the island is a territory, and the East occupies the state.

Geography

Located in the West of the Pacific Ocean, New Guinea island is located north of Australia (separated from her by the Strait Torres) and is its link with. From the point of view of physical geography, usually refers to. Politically, the island is divided approximately equally between and therefore the Western Indonesian part from a political and economic point of view often belongs to Asia. The island is the largest island separated between countries. The length of the island is more than 2,000 km, width - more than 700 km.

In the western part, a mountain array of Maok is towers, the highest peak of which under the name Punchak jaya reaches 4884 m above sea level. In the East there are Mount Bismarck, whose highest point - Mount Wilhelm - has 4509 m. The longest river island is the sepik river.

Flora and fauna

New Guinea is a tropical island and therefore has a very large variety of species. It inhabits 11 thousand species of plants, 600 unique bird species, over 400 types of amphibians, 455 species of butterflies and about a hundred famous mammalian species.

Along the shores of New Guinea is extension wide (places up to 35 km) bar of mangrove vegetation. This trap zone is completely impassable, and you can cross it, only floating on the rivers. Wild sugar cane thickets are growing along the rivers, and in wetlands - groves of sage palm trees.

Illustration of "New Guinea Birds" from Zooatlas 1938

Thick wet tropical forests formed by hundreds of trees rising on the slopes of the mountains. However, now there is also plantations and gardens. Coconut palms, bananas, sugar cane, melon, tubers - Tarot, Yams, Batat, Manica and other cultures are growing. Gargets alternate with forests. The land plots are cultivated only 2-3 years, then for 10-12 years we will overgrow forest. Thus restored fertility.

Above 1000-2000 m forest becomes more monotonous in composition, coniferous rocks are beginning to prevail, especially araucaria. These trees have economic importance: their wood is valuable building material. However, the delivery of the sawed forest is difficult because of the small number of good roads.

The highlands of New Guinea are covered with shrubs and meadows. In the intermountainable basins, where the climate land is common, herbal vegetation spread, which arose on the place of forests mainly as a result of fires.

The animal world is represented by reptiles, insects and especially numerous birds. For the fauna of mammals, as well as in the neighboring Australia, only representatives of the sampling - Bandicut (Sumparent Badger), Wallaby (Woody Kangaroo), Couscus, and others in the forests and on the coast there are a lot of snakes, including poisonous, and lizards. Sea coast and in large rivers there are crocodiles and turtles. The birds are characterized by Casuara, paradise birds, crowded pigeons, parrots, weed chickens. Europeans brought to the island of home chickens, dogs and pigs. Wild pigs, as well as rats, field mice and some other animals spread widely through the territory of the island.

"Edemsky Garden"

In 2005, a group of American researchers discovered the place of the Mountain District of New Guinea in the rainforests, named by them "Edem Garden".

This area of \u200b\u200babout 300 thousand hectares is located on the slopes of the mountains of Foggia in the western part of New Guinea and was isolated from the impact of the surrounding world.

Scientists have discovered in the "Eden Garden" more than 20 unknown species of frogs, four new types of butterflies, five unknown science of species of palm trees and many other plants. Several species of the rarest silent - wood kangaroo were found, as well as the six-pest "paradise bird" Berlept, previously considered extinct.

All animals are the inhabitants of Highlands - they are not afraid of a man, in particular, rare long-only prohhid allowed scientists to take himself in hand.

History

Early History

In ancient times, New Guinea was connected to Australia. The section occurred as a result of improving the global sea level relatively recently. This explains the presence of species of the samples of the samples of the samples of the numerous living in Australia. The population of man occurred at least 45 thousand years before. e. from Asia. Subsequently, more than a thousand Papasky-tribes occurred from the immigrants. The absence of large animals suitable for domestication on the island prevented the development of agriculture and made it impossible cattle breeding. This contributed to the preservation of the primitive-communal system in the large territories of New Guinea until today's days. A variety of languages \u200b\u200band a lot of tribes was due to the isolation of people from each other because of the mountainous landscape and the lack of technical means that contribute to communication and cultural exchange.

On the territory of New Guinea there is an ancient agricultural settlement of Cook, showing the isolated development of agriculture for 7-10 millennia and a part World Heritage UNESCO.

Opening Europeans

Long before the opening of New Guinea Europeans, the residents of the ancient Indonesian states hunted the slaves and exotic birds. Already in the VIII century, the Vladyka empire Srevidaya from the island was given by the Chinese emperors of the dynasty of Tan caught on the Novoguinea shores of black slaves and many parrots. On the bas-reliefs of the largest Yavansky temple of Borobudur (the first floor of the 9th century), you can see the images of such "Orang Papua" - curly people.

The larders of New Guinea were the navigators at the beginning of the XVI century. In 1526, the North-West Coast of the Island landed the Portuguese Don George Di Menezish, according to Legend, he was not an open land Ilhas dos papuas. - "Papua Islands", from the Malay word meaning "Curly"; Apparently, there was a hard curly hair of Melanesian Aborigines.

Later, in 1545, the Spaniard of Iniigu Ortis de Retes passed on the way from Moluk Islands in Mexico and called His "New Guinea", since the coast resembled his shores he saw before. Perhaps he drew attention to the fact that in Africa and newly open to them the ground near Australia were in opposite points on the globe, and this circumstance prompted him to give new land such a name.

The Portuguese Governor of the Molokk Islands of George Di Menezish called New Guinea "Ilyash Souls Papuash" (Papuars Island). NEEVA Guinea name can be found on the world map of Flemish Cartographic Mercator (1595). Spaniard Louis West de Torres, having departed in 1606 from () and, sailing south of a huge mountainous island, found a new way to a distant country of spices, opening Torres Strait. Soon the Spanish merchants began to be taken from New Guinea gold, silver, coconuts, rubber and precious trees.

Significant contribution to the study of the peoples of New Guinea, the Russian scientist and traveler N. N. Miklukho-Maclay, who worked on the island in the 70s - 80s of the XIX century.

The era of colonialism

In 1828, as the first power acquired west Peninsula Vegelkop.

In the 1870s, the territory was investigated by Russian scientists. In 1875, scientist N. N. Miklukho-McLai requested the Government of the Russian Empire, with a proposal to establish the Russian protectorate over the part of the island, which was later named after the scientist by the shore Miklukho-Maclay, but Alexander II rejected his proposal.

In the 1880s, the rest of the island was divided among themselves the Netherlands, and the German Empire. The Western Half of New Guinea remained behind the Netherlands, the British acquired the southeast, the Germans - the North-East, which they called the land of Kaiser Wilhelm. In 1885 and in 1895, the United Kingdom and Germany, who owned lands in the eastern part of New Guinea, recognized the power of the Netherlands over the western part of the island. The border between Dutch new Guinea and the eastern part of it was 141 degrees of Eastern longitude.

The British part was given to Australia in 1906, and German after the First World War became an Australian mandate of the League of Nations.

The Second World War

During World War II, the island was occupied. Papuans suspended by atrocities of Japanese military millennia helped the forces of allies as they could, transporting equipment and wounded through the whole island. After the war, in 1949, independent presented claims to the western part of New Guinea, which, however, remained under the administration of the Netherlands.

Independence

Since 1957, the Netherlands and Australia began to build plans for the provision of independence of the United New Guinea in the 1970s. In 1961, elections were held in the western part and a parliament was created. Not wanting such political development, Indonesia in response to this introduced his troops and announced the accession of the Western half of the island of New Guinea to Indonesia. After that, mass deportations of the Papuan population began, whose place was followed by settlers from Java. It is assumed that as a result of the "ethnic cleansing" of Western New Guinea, about 300 thousand Papuans died to today. In 1975, in the eastern part of Australia, Papua New Guinea was independence.

see also

• Novoguinea singing dog
• Mangra New Guinea

Notes

1. Island Directory Tables. Islands by Land Area. Earthwatch (18/02/1998).
2. New Guinea // Big Soviet Encyclopedia: [in 30 tons] / ch. ed. A. M. Prokhorov. - 3rd ed. - M.: Soviet Encyclopedia, 1969-1978.

Literature

• Ignatiev G. M. Tropical Pacific Islands / Reviewers: Dr. Geogr. Sciences T. V. Vlasova, Cand. geogr. Sciences N. Grigoriev. - M.: Thought, 1979. - P. 144-168. - 272, p. - 56,000 copies.