The company that created the Titanic. How the titanic sank

29.04.2021

Many decades have passed since that terrible disaster, and no one doubted what exactly sent the magnificent Titanic to the bottom of the ocean. When the "unsinkable" ship, the largest, most luxurious ocean liner of its time, crashed into an iceberg on its first voyage in 1912, it carried over 1,500 of its 2,200 passengers to the bottom. When the ship slid into the depths of the North Atlantic, the secrets of how and why it sank disappeared along with it.

"Titanic" (English Titanic) - British transatlantic steamer, the second liner of the "Olympic" class. Built in Belfast at the Harland & Wolfe shipyard from 1909 to 1912 by order of the White Star Line shipping company. At the time of commissioning, it was the largest vessel in the world. On the night of April 14-15, 1912, during the maiden voyage, it crashed in the North Atlantic, colliding with an iceberg.

The Titanic was equipped with two four-cylinder steam engines and a steam turbine. The entire power plant had a capacity of 55,000 liters. with. The ship could reach speeds of up to 23 knots (42 km / h). Its displacement, exceeding the twin steamer Olympic by 243 tons, was 52 310 tons. The hull of the ship was made of steel. The hold and lower decks were divided into 16 compartments by bulkheads with sealed doors. If the bottom was damaged, the double bottom prevented the ingress of water into the compartments. Shipbuilder magazine called the Titanic virtually unsinkable, a statement widely circulated in the press and among the public. In accordance with outdated regulations, the Titanic was equipped with 20 lifeboats, with a total capacity of 1,178 people, which was only a third of the maximum load of the steamer.

Titanic (left in the photo) in the port
"Titanic" in the port

Two government investigations, which were conducted in the wake of the disaster, agreed that it was the iceberg, and not the defects and weakness of the ship itself, that sank the Titanic. Both commissions of inquiry concluded that the ship went to the bottom as a whole, and not in parts. That there were no major faults. The blame for a nightmarish calamity fell solely on the unfortunate captain of the ship I. Smith, who also died along with the entire crew. Smith was blamed for the fact that the Titanic was rushing at a speed of 22 knots (41 km) through the dangerous ice field, well known to sailors - in the dark waters off the coast of Newfoundland. The Titanic incident was over - it seemed once and for all.

Titanic before going out to the ocean

The tail section of the ship "Titanic"

The answers lay at the bottom of the sea

However, doubts and questions about what could have sunk the seemingly indestructible ship remained. In 1985, when oceanographer Robert Ballard, after many years of searching, finally found the remains of a ship at a depth of about 4 km at the bottom of the ocean, he discovered that in fact the Titanic split in half on the surface of the ocean before sinking.

Why did it split in half? - the experts were perplexed. Was the invincible Titanic weak in construction?

Oil painting "The sinking of the Titanic"

Several years have passed since the discovery of Ballard, and now the first wreckage of the ship was raised from the ocean floor. A new hypothesis for the sinking of the Titanic is the low-grade steel used in the construction of the ship. However, a group of researchers concluded that it was not the steel that went into the hull of the ship, it was of low grade. The rivets were of poor quality, the overriding metal pins that tied together the steel plates of the ship's hull. Moreover, recently found wreckage from the bottom of the Titanic directly indicates that the stern of the ship never rose high into the air, as many Titanic experts, including Cameron, initially believed. In fact, the ship crashed into pieces and sank, keeping relatively flat on the surface of the ocean - a clear sign of miscalculations in its design, which were concealed after the disaster.

With the construction of the "Titanic" hurried

"Titanic" was created in a short time - in response to the production of a new generation of high-speed liners by a competitive company. The Titanic and its smaller siblings, the Olympic and Britannic, were the grandest ships in the history of shipbuilding. They were real colossus! - 275 meters from bow to stern! - even tall skyscrapers passed in front of them. Specifically equipped to withstand threats from the North Atlantic, including huge waves and sudden collisions, these sister ships were also - as it goes without saying - the safest. The Titanic could keep afloat even if 4 of its 16 watertight compartments were flooded - a real miracle for a ship of such gigantic size!

Titanic at sea

On the night of April 14, 1912, however, in just a few days of the Titanic's maiden voyage, its Achilles heel played its sinister role. The ship was not nimble enough to avoid hitting the iceberg that the Marines were shouting about (the only way to spot an iceberg at the time) at the last minute and in pitch darkness. The Titanic did not collide with the fatal iceberg directly, but drove over it with its right side. Ice punched holes in the ship's steel plates, flooding six "watertight" compartments.
Two hours later, the Titanic overflowed with water and went to the bottom.

Shot from the movie "The Death of the Titanic"

Achilles' heel of the Titanic

Experts continued to look for an explanation for the death of the ship equipped in accordance with all safety rules. And they came across a potentially weak link: more than three million rivets that secured the ship's hull. Taking for a sample 48 of these metal rods raised from the ocean floor, scientists found in them a high concentration of "scale" - sludge from the smelting. Due to this scale, the metal becomes brittle, it can crack.

Not because of the cheapness, but because time was running out, the builders of the Titanic began to use low-quality material. When the Titanic hit the iceberg, the weak steel rods in its nose cracked, exposing the seams in the hull and hastening the ship's downfall. It is no coincidence that the water, flooding six compartments held together by low-grade steel rods, stopped exactly where the stainless steel rivets began.
Thus, one of the secrets carried by the Titanic to the bottom of the ocean was discovered. If all the rivets that secured the Titanic were of high quality steel, the disaster could have been avoided. It is not without reason that immediately after the sinking of the Titanic, two other giant ships - Olympic and Britannic, built at the same shipyard and simultaneously with the Titanic - were urgently and comprehensively reinforced: the steel hull plating doubled and were raised much higher than the bulkhead ... The shipbuilding company clearly admitted defects and unacceptable miscalculations in the expressway - just to keep up with the competition! - the race to build the "Titanic", tried, as best she could, to fix them and hide them from experts, insurance agents and all inquisitive humanity.

In 2005, a new expedition set off to the site of a long-standing disaster. And very soon she found an answer to the questions of concern to everyone. This time, the divers did not look at the main crash site on the seabed, but took a little to the side, where they found two large debris from the bottom of the ship. When they began to analyze the jagged edges of these fragments of the bottom, they came to a startling conclusion. It was impossible for the ship to split in such a way, as experts believed for decades, - with the stern reared over the ocean at a 45-degree angle, and before the ship's hull split in two. From these significant bottom debris, one can judge that their split was interrupted in the middle - a sure sign that the ship then banked at a small angle (about 11 degrees), that its stern was still buoyant when it cracked. If the rear of the ship were to rise out of the water at a 45-degree angle, as stunningly depicted in Cameron's film, the stern would quickly split off the ship's hull and the whole bottom wreckage found at the bottom would be torn in two.

James Cameron and a team of scientists tried to reconstruct the course of events from the collision of the Titanic with an iceberg to its complete flooding:

Tilting a ship is a matter of life and death

It would seem, what does it matter how exactly the ship split into pieces? For the passengers on the Titanic, it was a matter of life and death. In the movie, the stern part of the ship rises up and then goes, along with the entire hull, to the bottom. This is a protracted dramatic action. In reality, the ship tilted quite a bit as the water flooded the bow, and the passengers on board had a false sense of security.

The passengers and many of the crew did not understand the seriousness of the situation. When the water had sufficiently flooded the bow of the hull, the ship, remaining afloat, split in two and sank in minutes.

Interestingly, most of the survivors confirm this unexpected turn of events. Charlie Jugin, the Titanic's chef, was standing close to the stern when the ship began to sink, but he saw no sign of a fractured hull. There was no suction funnel, no colossal splash. Dzhugin said that he calmly sailed away from the ship, without even wetting his hair.

Goodbye movie romantic "Titanic"!

Unlike Cameron's film, a giant wave did not go from the crash site - no one sitting in the rescue boats noticed it when the aft part of the ship disappeared under water. One of the former passengers of the Titanic told how he slipped into the water, turned around - and did not see the ship.

So, say goodbye to the heartbreaking image of the Titanic with its stern soaring high, clung to doomed passengers, their common dying scream, and now the ship plunges into the water at a steep angle! Unfortunately or fortunately, nothing of the kind actually happened.

Although some of those in the lifeboats saw the stern of the ship being raised high in the air, this could have been an optical illusion. Tilted at 11 degrees with propellers sticking out in the air, the Titanic, already a twenty-story building high, seemed even higher, and its roll in the water - even steeper.

Could the Titanic be stronger, more enduring? Undoubtedly. High-quality steel rivets and a denser, double-skinned hull could have prevented a catastrophe or, for sure, would have kept the ship afloat many times longer.

Disasters always excite the minds of people, even after a hundred years. Interest in any event can now be fueled by cinema, just one successful film and society will never forget about any problem or event. This is how the owners and the team of the Titanic went down in history, though not in the best light. But before talking about the shipwreck, it would be useful to know where the Titanic came from and where?

Travel between continents

Today, to cover the distance between Europe and America, it is enough to buy a plane ticket. Already on the same day, with this cherished ticket, you can be on the other side of the globe, spending 7-8 hours and not such a large amount. But jet liners in civil aviation appeared not so long ago, before that the situation was a little different. It is very sad, in the opinion of a modern man in the street, that it was on the invention of airplanes:

The only possible travel option is by boat. The journey could take weeks.
At the end of the 19th century, steamers were designed that made it possible to cross the ocean in 5 days.
But even in this short period of time, anything could happen, shipwrecks are not uncommon today.
But the main troubles that tormented the first pilgrims, in the form of scurvy and infectious diseases, faded into the background.

At the time of the commissioning of the Titanic, there were two main companies, one of them focused on travel speed , the other on comfort and luxury ... Looking at the interior of the Titanic, you can immediately understand which of the two offices it belonged to.

Protection of the unsinkable Titanic

Everyone has heard something about the unsinkability of the Titanic and some unique system installed on the ship. It all came down to three points:

Bulkheads	Second bottom	Pumps
There were 16 watertight bulkheads in total.	It was located at a height of 160 cm and protected from any damage.	They worked on electricity generated by engines.
Cast iron doors were installed between each of them, for the team.	It had a cellular structure, which was supposed to prevent flooding.	We pumped out water entering bulkheads and compartments.
Damage to even several compartments would not have led to the sinking of the ship.	It was considered an ingenious engineering solution to avoid a ship wreck.	Could only handle a certain amount of water.

In theory, any minor accident shouldn't have resulted in the ship sinking quickly. Although it is difficult to talk about insignificance when it comes to colliding with an iceberg. To cope with the consequences of such contact was not possible even the most modern system, which was only at that time.

The Titanic route and its passengers

As already mentioned, the ship's route ran from Europe to America. But this is not the most accurate route:

The liner departed from Southampton... If today this English town is not familiar to anyone, then a hundred years ago it was the largest port in all of Britain.
The steamer made its first stop in France, visiting the port of Cherbourg.
After that, the Titanic entered the port of Queenstown, Ireland.
This was the last stop of the ship, then it was supposed to follow to the final point, to the port of New York.

Such an unusual route within Europe allowed everyone to gather. Both from the islands and from the mainland of the continent. Sending to Ireland helped to reach the desired latitude and find the best route.

At that time, the United States was a country of hope and new opportunities, but despite this, not only adventurers and thrill-seekers sailed to America. The first class was traveled by the aristocracy, businessmen and industrialists. They all went with different intentions:

Someone was looking for new sensations and entertainment.
Others sought to conclude the most profitable contracts in new sales markets.
Some were exploring the New World in search of profits and opportunities for growth.

But regardless of the initial motives and desires, all of them awaited the same inglorious outcome.

The cause of the crash and death of the passengers of the Titanic

So what was the problem of the unsinkable ship? Yes, in that the iceberg hole in length was more than 90 m. It is easy to understand that more than one bulkhead was broken, not two or even three. In an attempt to dodge the ice giant, the ship attempted to abruptly veer off course and pass by, but was instead hit tangentially. It was such a blow that tore the skin to shreds over the course of 5 bulkheads. The engineering system was not designed for such a level of damage.

But why did almost 70% of passengers and crew members die? And here a whole a number of mistakes and criminal negligence:

The ship was sailing at full speed, despite warnings about the presence of icebergs in these waters.
It is the high speed of the vessel that explains such massive damage.
The capacity of the boats was designed for only a thousand people, while the number of passengers exceeded two thousand.
The defense system played a cruel joke, keeping the ship afloat without visible changes at first. For a couple of hours, no one could even understand that the ship was sinking. In this regard, it was difficult to convince passengers to go from the comfortable decks to the boats.
The nearby ships were either too far away or did not come to the rescue.

The first and last flight of the liner

The Titanic made its only flight along an uncomplicated route. It contained only 4 points:

Southampton.
Cherbourg.
Queenstown.
New York.

England. France. Ireland. USA... It is in this sequence. But the ship never made it to its final destination. As did most of the passengers and crew.

A project has already been launched to build a similar ship, which will follow the same route from where and where the Titanic sailed. A historic voyage for amateurs " tickle the nerves", But it all sounds too tragic.

Video: Where was the Titanic heading?

Below is the documentary "Destination of the Titanic", in which the historian Anton Makarov tells about the point of departure of the legendary ship and where it sailed. The moment of the sinking of the Titanic will also be shown:

1. To build the Titanic, 3 million rivets were used, most of which were handcrafted.

2. Launching the ship took 23 tons of grease, locomotive oil and liquid soap to lubricate the gangway guides.

3. The designers considered the liner unsinkable. The double bottom and 16 watertight bulkheads were know-how for that time. However, the designers did not know how penetrating the iceberg could be.

4. There was no such simple thing on the Titanic as binoculars. The captain fired his second mate Blair, who, in retaliation, stole the keys to the safe where the lookout binoculars were.

5. The shipwreck happened on April 14, 1912. Events are recreated to the smallest detail. Since early morning, ten times the crews of other liners transmitted reports that icebergs were already nearby, but the Titanic ignored these warnings. The last report arrived on the Titanic 40 minutes before the collision. But the Titanic radio operator did not even listen to the message and cut off the connection.

6. Many celebrities of that time were on the liner. Among them, for example, was the millionaire and feminist Margaret Brown. She was famous for knowing five languages and swearing at them like a shoemaker. After the collision with the iceberg, Margaret helped put people on the boats, but she was in no hurry to leave the ship herself. Finally, someone forcefully pushed her into the boat and sent her out to sea. Having reached another ship, the Carpathia, Margaret immediately began to look for blankets and food for the victims, made lists of survivors, and collected money. By the time the Carpathia arrived at the port, she had collected $ 10,000 for the survivors.

7. Another famous passenger of the Titanic, businessman Benjamin Guggenheim, got his companion into a lifeboat. He convinced her that they would soon see each other, although he understood that the situation was hopeless. Together with the valet, he returned to the cabin and changed into a tailcoat, and then sat down at a table in the central hall and began to drink whiskey. When someone suggested that they still try to escape, Guggenheim replied: "We are dressed in accordance with our position and are ready to die like gentlemen."

8. An outstanding ticket to the Titanic launching ceremony went under the hammer at a London auction for $ 56,300. And the onboard menu with a list of 40 dishes was sold in New York for $ 31,300. Another similar menu in London went for 76,000 pounds. The keys to the ship's quarters, which housed the lifeboat lanterns, also survived and were sold for 59,000 pounds.

9. The liner was sinking to the music. The orchestra stood up to the last on the deck and played the church hymn "Closer, Lord, to You."

10. In 1991 and 1995, the Russian deep-sea vehicles "Mir" sank to the ship, which is now at a depth of 3.8 kilometers. Then the devices shot a video that was included in the notorious film by James Cameron. This year, in honor of the centenary of the sinking of the liner, our submariners again promised to dive to the Titanic.

11. UNESCO has waited a hundred years to declare the wreck of the Titanic a cultural heritage site. For such cases, they have a special convention. Now UNESCO will make sure that the items from the Titanic do not go to uncivilized divers.

12. Released in honor of the centenary of the film "Titanic 3D" has already grossed an impressive $ 17.4 million in the United States. "Titanic" by James Cameron in 1997 was a phenomenal success and the box office at that time was huge: $ 1.8 billion. The movie "Avatar" managed to break this record only 12 years later.

13. The ill-fated black iceberg, or rather a photograph of him, was found 90 years after the sinking of the Titanic. A few days after the tragedy, a certain Stefan Regorek from Bohemia on another liner sailed past the crash site and photographed an iceberg. After a thorough examination, it was proved that the dents on the iceberg could well have been made by the ship. So the block of ice also suffered.

14. Jack Dawson, the hero of the very film that brought Cameron fame and fortune, is a real character. True, Cameron later assured that he took the name from the ceiling and that it was a coincidence. Nevertheless, the real Jack Dawson was a coal miner on the Titanic. True, he was not in love with the green-eyed Kate Winslet (she was not yet born then), but with the sister of his friend, who persuaded him to become a sailor. In the end, of course, everyone died.

15. Legends still tell about the Titanic. For example, lovers of mysticism point out that in 1898 the writer Morgan Robertson wrote the novel "Vanity" - about a huge transatlantic liner and its smug passengers. There are many similarities in the narrative, for example, the name of the ship - "Titan" - and the collision with an iceberg on a cold April night.

16. Another legend says that once every six years, radio operators catch on the air the SOS ghost signal from the Titanic. For the first time this was stated by the crew of the battleship "Theodore Roosevelt" in 1972. The radio operator rummaged through the archives and found notes from his colleagues that they too had received strange radiograms allegedly from the Titanic: in 1924, 1930, 1936 and 1942. In April 1996, the SOS signal from the Titanic was received by the Canadian ship Quebec.

17. Although the official version says that the Titanic sank the iceberg, not everyone believes it. For example, some claimed that the Titanic was sunk by a German torpedo fired by employees of the company that built the liner to get insurance. However, this sounds unconvincing, considering how many employees of the company died on April 14, 1912.

18. The Titanic was not the only major liner of the White Star Line. The ship Olympic began to be built at the same time as the Titanic. In 1911, on her 11th voyage, the Olympic collided with the British cruiser Hawk. The latter miraculously remained afloat, while the Olympic got off with minor injuries.

19. The younger brother of "Titanic" - the ship "Britannic" was supposed to bear the name "Gigantic", but after the crash of the first liner, the builders decided to moderate their ambitions. The Britannic was the most comfortable of the three ships: it had two hairdressers, a children's playroom, and a gym for second-class passengers. Unfortunately, the passengers did not have time to appreciate the merits of the new liner. After the outbreak of war, it was converted into a hospital ship and was soon blown up by a mine near Greece. True, most of the people on board were saved.

20. The last of the Titanic passengers died in 2009 at the age of 97. She was 2.5 months old at the time of the shipwreck.

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April 9, 1912. "Titanic" in the port of Southampton the day before sailing to America.

April 14 marks the 105th anniversary of the legendary disaster. The Titanic is a British steamer of the White Star Line, the second of three Olympic-class twin steamers. The largest passenger liner in the world at the time of its construction. During the first voyage on April 14, 1912, it collided with an iceberg and sank after 2 hours and 40 minutes.

Onboard there were 1,316 passengers and 908 crew members, a total of 2,224 people. Of these, 711 people were saved, 1513 died.

This is how the Ogonek magazine and the Novaya Illucciya magazine told about this tragedy:

Dining room on the Titanic, 1912.

A room for second class passengers aboard the Titanic, 1912.

The front staircase of the Titanic, 1912.

Passengers on the deck of the Titanic. April, 1912.

The Titanic Orchestra had two ensembles. The quintet was led by the 33-year-old British violinist Wallace Hartley, and included another violinist, double bass player and two cellists. An additional trio of musicians from the Belgian violinist, French cellist and pianist were hired for Titanic to provide Caf? Parisien continental touch. The trio also played in the lobby of the liner restaurant. Many passengers considered the Titanic's orchestra to be the best they had ever heard on a ship. Usually the two members of the Titanic orchestra worked independently of each other - in different parts of the ship and at different times, but on the night of the ship's sinking, all eight musicians played together for the first time. They played the best and funniest music until the last minutes of the liner's life. Photo: Musicians of the Titanic ship orchestra.

Hartley's body was found two weeks after the sinking of the Titanic and sent to England. A violin was tied to his chest - a gift from the bride.
There were no survivors among the other members of the orchestra ... One of the rescued passengers of the Titanic would write later: “Many heroic deeds were committed that night, but none of them could compare with the feat of these several musicians who played hour after hour, although the ship sank deeper and deeper, and the sea crept up to the place where they stood. The music they performed gave them the right to be included in the list of heroes of eternal glory. " Photo: Funeral of Wallace Hartley, conductor and violinist of the Titanic ship orchestra. April 1912.

The iceberg that the Titanic is believed to have collided with. The photo was taken from the cable ship Mackay Bennett, operated by Captain DeCarteret. The Mackay Bennett was one of the first to arrive at the Titanic disaster site. It was the only iceberg near the wreck of the ocean liner, according to Captain DeCarteret.

Lifeboat "Titanic", taken by one of the passengers of the steamer "Karpatia". April, 1912.

The rescue ship Carpathia picked up 712 surviving passengers on the Titanic. Photo taken by Carpathia passenger Louis M. Ogden shows lifeboats approaching Carpathia.

April 22, 1912. Brothers Michelle (4 years old) and Edmond (2 years old). They were considered "orphans of the Titanic" until their mother was found in France. The father died during the crash of the liner.

Michel died in 2001 as the last surviving male on the Titanic.

A group of rescued passengers of the Titanic aboard the Karpatia.

Another group of rescued passengers on the Titanic.

Captain Edward John Smith (second from right) with the ship's crew.

Drawing of the sinking Titanic after the disaster.

Titanic passenger ticket. April 1912.

You have read and heard about the Titanic many times. The history of the creation and wreck of the liner was overgrown with rumors and myths. For more than 100 years, the British steamer has been stirring the minds of people trying to find the answer - why did the Titanic sink?

The history of the legendary liner is interesting for three reasons:

Sailing day

it was the largest ship in 1912;
the number of victims turned the catastrophe into a global failure;
finally, James Cameron with his film singled out the history of the liner from the general list of maritime disasters, as well.

We will tell you everything about the Titanic, as it was in reality. About how long the Titanic is in meters, how much the Titanic sank, and who really was behind the massive disaster.

Where and where the Titanic sailed from

We know from Cameron's film that the liner was heading for New York. An American developing city was to be the final stop. But where the Titanic sailed from, not everyone knows for sure, considering that the starting point was London. The capital of Great Britain was not in the ranks of seaports, and therefore the steamer could not leave from there.

The fatal voyage began from Southampton, a major English port from which transatlantic flights took place. The Titanic Path on the map clearly shows movement. Southampton is both a port and a city located in the southern part of England (Hampshire).

See how the Titanic route ran on the map:

Dimensions of the Titanic in meters

To understand more about the Titanic, the causes of the disaster need to be disclosed, starting with the dimensions of the steamer.

How many meters is the Titanic in length and in other dimensions:

exact length - 299.1 m;
width - 28.19 m;
height from the keel - 53.3 m.

There is also such a question - how many decks did the Titanic have? There were 8 boats in total, so the upper deck was called the boat deck. The rest were distributed according to the letter designation.

A - class I deck. Its peculiarity is its limited size - it did not fit the entire length of the vessel;
B - anchors were located in the front part of the deck and its dimensions were also shorter - by 37 meters of deck C;
C - deck with galley, crew dining room and promenade for III class.
D - walking area;
E - cabins of I, II classes;
F - cabins of II and III classes;
G - deck with boilers in the middle.

Finally, how much does the Titanic weigh? The displacement of the largest ship of the early 20th century is 52 310 tons.

Titanic Wreck Story

What year did the Titanic sink? The famous disaster happened on the night of April 14, 1912. It was the fifth day of the trip. Chronicles indicate that at 23:40 the liner survived a collision with an iceberg and after 2 hours 40 minutes (2:20 am) went under water.

Further investigations showed that the crew received 7 weather warnings, but this did not prevent the vessel from reducing its top speed. The iceberg was spotted right ahead too late to take precautions. As a result, there are holes in the starboard side. The ice damaged 90 m of the skin and 5 bow compartments. This was enough to sink the liner.

Tickets for the new liner were more expensive than other ships. If a person is used to traveling in first class, then on the Titanic he would have to transfer to second class.

Edward Smith, the ship's captain, began the evacuation after midnight: a distress signal was sent, the attention of other ships was attracted by signal flares, the lifeboats were sent to the water. But the rescue was slow and uncoordinated - there was empty space in the boats until the Titanic sank, the water temperature did not rise above two degrees below zero, and the first steamer arrived only half an hour after the disaster.

Titanic: how many people died and survived

How many people survived on the Titanic? No one will tell the exact data, just as they could not have said this on the fateful night. The list of passengers on the Titanic initially changed in practice, but not on paper: some canceled the trip at the time of departure and were not deleted, others traveled anonymously under assumed names, and still others were included in the list of those who died on the Titanic several times.

Only approximately can we say how many people drowned on the Titanic - about 1500 (minimum 1490 - maximum 1635). Among them was Edward Smith with some assistants, 8 musicians from the famous orchestra, large investors and businessmen.

Classism was felt even after death - the bodies of the dead from the first class were embalmed and placed in coffins, the second and third classes were given bags and boxes. When the embalming substances ran out, the bodies of unknown passengers from the third class were simply thrown into the water (according to the rules, it was impossible to bring unabalmed corpses to the port).

The bodies were found within a radius of 80 km from the crash site, and due to the current of the Gulf Stream, many were dispersed even further.

Photos of dead people

Initially, it was known how many passengers were on the Titanic, although not thoroughly:

crew of 900 people;
195 people of the first class;
255 people of the second class;
493 people of the third class.

Some of the passengers disembarked at intermediate ports, and some entered. It is believed that the liner went to the fatal route with a train of 1317 people, of which 124 are children.

Titanic: flooding depth - 3750 m

The English steamer could accommodate 2,566 people, of which 1,034 were for first class passengers. The half-load of the liner is explained by the fact that in April, transatlantic flights were not popular. In those days, a coal strike broke out, disrupting coal supplies, schedules and changing plans.

It was difficult to answer the question of how many people survived from the Titanic, because the rescue operations took place from different ships, and the slow connection did not provide fast data delivery.

After the crash, only 2/3 of the bodies delivered were identified. Some were buried in the field, the rest were sent home. In the area of the disaster, bodies in white vests were found for a long time. Of the 1,500 people killed, only 333 bodies were found.

How deep does the Titanic lie

Answering the question about the depth at which the Titanic sank, you need to remember about the pieces separated by the currents (by the way, they learned about this only in the 80s, before that it was believed that the liner sank to the bottom entirely). The wreckage of the liner on the night of the crash went to a depth of 3750 m. The bow was thrown 600 m from the stern.

The place where the Titanic sank, on the map:

In which ocean did the Titanic sink? - in the Atlantic.

Titanic was lifted from the bottom of the ocean

They wanted to lift the steamer from the moment of the crash. Initiative plans were put forward by the relatives of the victims from the first class. But 1912 did not yet know the necessary technologies. The war, lack of knowledge and funds delayed the search for the sunken ship for a hundred years. Since 1985, 17 expeditions have been carried out, during which they raised 5,000 objects and large hulls to the surface, but the ship itself remained at the bottom of the ocean.

Titanic underwater. Photo

What does the Titanic look like now

Since the time of the wreck, the ship has been covered with marine life. Rust, painstaking work of invertebrates and natural decomposition processes have changed designs beyond recognition. By this time, the bodies had already decomposed completely, and by the 22nd century, only anchors and boilers - the most massive metal structures - will remain from the Titanic.

Photo of the sunken Titanic

Already, the interiors of the decks have been destroyed, the cabins and halls have fallen apart.

Titanic, Britannic and Olympic

All three ships were manufactured by the Harland & Wolff shipbuilding company. Before the Titanic, the world saw Olympic. It is not difficult to see a fatal predisposition in the fate of the three ships. The first liner crashed as a result of a collision with a cruiser. Not such a large-scale disaster, but still an impressive setback.

Then the story of the Titanic, which received wide resonance in the world, and, finally, the Giant. They tried to make this ship especially durable, taking into account the mistakes of previous liners. He was even launched into the water, but the First World War broke the plans. The giant turned into a hospital ship called the Britannic.

Titanic: photo underwater now

He just managed to carry out 5 quiet flights, and on the sixth there was a disaster. Having blown up on a German mine, Britannica quickly went to the bottom. The mistakes of the past and the preparedness of the captain made it possible to save the maximum number of people - 1036 out of 1066.

Comparison of the Titanic with modern liners: photo

Is it possible to talk about evil fate, remembering the Titanic? The history of the creation and the crash of the liner was studied in detail, the facts were revealed, even through time. Yet the truth is only now being revealed. The reason the Titanic attracts attention is to hide the true motive - to create a monetary system and destroy opponents. Doubt? Then read on.