What is the saltiest lake in the world? The saltiest lake in the world. The largest salt lakes in the world

12.10.2019

There are about 5 million lakes in the world, but we have only heard of a few of the largest. Do you think that Baikal is the most big lake in the world? In fact, Baikal is only 7th in the ranking of the largest lakes!

Did you know that the area of the largest lake on the planet is equal to the area of 52 million football fields and is comparable to the area of Moscow multiplied by 150 times? No? Then read below!

No. 10. Big Slave Lake - 28,930 square kilometers. North America.

Big Slave Lake is on the 10th place in terms of area among the lakes of the world, besides, it is also the most deep lake v North America... Its depth is 614 meters. The dimensions of the Great Slave Lake: 480 km in length, 19-109 km in width, and the area is 28,930 square kilometers.

From October to June, the lake is frozen, and in winter the ice can support the weight of trucks. Rivers flowing into the lake: Hay, Slave, Snowdrift, etc. The Mackenzie River flows out of the lake. The origin of the lake is glacial-tectonic.

No. 9. Lake Nyasa - 30,044 square kilometers. East Africa.

Lake Nyasa (Malawi) is the ninth largest lake in the world. Lake Nyasa fills a crack in the earth's crust in the Great Rift Valley in East Africa, located between Mozambique and Tanzania. The length of the lake is 560 km, the depth is 706 m. Nyasa contains 7% of the world reserves of liquid fresh water.

Nyasa is known for its rich ecosystem, many of the species found in the lake are endemic. The origin of the lake is tectonic.

No. 8. Big Bear Lake - 31,080 square kilometers. Canada.

Big Bear Lake is located 200 km south of Arctic Circle in Canada. The lake is the eighth largest lake in the world and the fourth largest in North America. Dimensions of the lake: length - 320 km, width - 175 km, maximum depth- 446 m.

The lake is not very good story... Uranium was found here. It was from here that uranium was mined for the manufacture of bombs dropped on Hiroshima and Nagasaki. The lake is almost always frozen, the ice rarely melts before the end of July. The origin of the lake is glacial-tectonic.

No. 7. Lake Baikal - 31,500 square kilometers. Eastern Siberia.

Baikal is the deepest lake in the world, the largest water reservoir, which contains 20% of the world's reserves of liquid fresh water. Baikal is also considered one of the cleanest lakes in the world.

The lake ranks seventh in area in the world and first in volume. Dimensions of the lake: length - 636 km, width - 80 km, maximum depth - 1642 m, volume - 23 600 km3.
The origin of the lake is tectonic, more than 25 million years old. The fauna of Lake Baikal is one of the most unique in the world, many species are endemic.

No. 6. Lake Tanganyika - 32,893 square kilometers. Central Africa.

Lake Tanganyika is one of the deepest lakes in the world, along with Lake Baikal. The lake lies between 4 countries - Democratic Republic of Congo, Tanzania, Zambia and Burundi.

Dimensions of the lake: length - 676 km, width - 72 km, maximum depth - 1470 m, volume - 18,900 km3. The origin of the lake is tectonic.

Tanganyika lies in the deepest tectonic depression in Africa and enters into the basin of the Congo River, one of the largest rivers in the world.

No. 5. Lake Michigan - 58,016 square kilometers. North America.

Lake Michigan is one of the Great Lakes. This lake is the largest of the lakes entirely located in the United States. Michigan is the fifth largest in the world and the third largest in the Great Lakes. The volume of the lake is 4918 m3, length - 494 km, width - 190 km, maximum depth - 281 m. The origin of the lake is glacial-tectonic.

No. 4. Lake Huron - 59,596 square kilometers. North America.

Lake Huron is one of the Great Lakes. This lake is located on the territory of two countries: the USA and Canada. Huron is the fourth largest lake in the world. The volume of the lake is 3538 m3, length - 331 km, width - 295 km, maximum depth - 229 m. The origin of the lake is glacial-tectonic.

No. 3. Lake Victoria - 69,485 square kilometers. East Africa.

Lake Victoria is located in Tanzania, Kenya. After the construction of the Owen Falls Dam in 1954, the lake was converted into a reservoir. There are many islands on the lake. Fishing is developed on the lake and there are many ports on the territory of the three countries. A national park has been formed on the island of Rubondo (Tanzania).

Victoria is the third largest lake in the world. The volume of the lake is 2760 m3, length - 320 km, width - 274 km, maximum depth - 80 m. The origin of the lake is tectonic.

The lake was discovered and named after Queen Victoria by the British traveler John Henning Speke in 1858.

# 2. Lake Superior - 82,414 square kilometers. North America.

Lake Superior is the second largest lake in the world and the largest of the Great Lakes, located on the border of the United States and Canada. The volume of the lake is 12,000 m3, length - 563 km, width - 257 km, maximum depth - 406 m. The origin of the lake is glacial-tectonic.

Etymology of the name. In the Ojibwe language, the lake is called Gichigami, which means "big water".

# 1. Caspian Sea - 371,000 square kilometers. Europe Asia.

The Caspian Sea is the largest enclosed body of water on Earth and is classified as the largest lake or sea due to its size. Located on the knock of Europe and Asia. Volume - 78 200 m3, length - 1200 km, width - 435 km, maximum depth - 1025 m. Length coastline The Caspian Sea is approximately equal to 6500 kilometers.

130 rivers flow into the Caspian Sea, the largest of them are the Volga, Terek, Sulak, Ural, Kura, Artek and others. The Caspian Sea washes the shores of Kazakhstan, Iran, Turkmenistan, Russia, Azerbaijan.
The origin of the lake is oceanic.

There are several salt lakes in the world. Each of the contenders for the title of "the saltiest lake in the world" is special in its own way, one stands out from the other. Undoubtedly, the salt lake itself is incredible a natural phenomenon... You can meet salt lakes anywhere in the world. There are especially many such phenomena in America and Russia. It is impossible to say with certainty which lake is the saltiest of all. The concentration of salt and minerals can change, for example, with the seasons. In this article, we will highlight several of the saltiest lakes in the world, some of which have approximately the same amount of salt in the water.

The Dead Sea

The most salty of all lakes is the Dead Sea, it is located in the Middle East. The water level is several hundred meters lower than sea level and continues to drop by 1 meter per year. Coast Dead sea- the lowest surface area on the territory of our land.

Salinity is 300%, this figure is higher than many other lakes. Compared to the Black Sea, the salinity is 20%. For a long time it was believed that such a level of salinity excludes the presence of living organisms in the water, but this is not entirely true. Some types of bacteria and fungi live here. But on the territory of the lake there are no fish and algae, the shore is also lifeless.

The size of the lake and its depth are decreasing, this is due to several factors:

Changing of the climate.
Reduction of groundwater due to industrial development.

Many people come to the sea for treatment; not only water, but also mud has beneficial properties. Having bathed in this salt water, you can get rid of many skin diseases, but the bathing process itself is unpleasant, the water is so salty that it can corrode the skin, so you should only swim in the sea on the recommendation of a doctor.

Water with a high salt content has many beneficial properties, especially medicinal

Uyuni is the largest salt lake in the world. At the bottom there is a thick layer of salt, about 8 meters. Water replenishment occurs only during the rainy season. However, there is very little water here, and the surface resembles a huge mirror, there is a feeling that there is no border between the earth and the sky. And during the period when the water in the lake is critically small, it looks like a salt desert. Local residents even build their own homes from salt.

The landscape of the territory is unique: huge layers of salt and volcanoes.

From plants and animals, only giant cacti can be found here, making their way through layers of salt, they grow up to 12 meters in height, from the animal world only flocks of rodents live.

At the end of the year they arrive pink flamingos, the spectacle is simply amazing, these majestic birds pacing on the snow-white surface.

Previously, real hotels made of salt were built on the coastal territory, tourists were invited to stop and relax there. This could not be found anywhere else on our planet. However, the unusual houses were demolished due to poor sanitation and hygiene conditions.

Salt reserves in Uyuni territory will last for another millions of years

Don Juan

Lake Don Juan is the coldest salt lake in Antarctica. Its dimensions are small, its depth does not even reach 100 meters, and its length is only 1 kilometer. The size is gradually decreasing due to the fact that it is fed only by underground groundwater and the water evaporates quickly.

Scientists have found that when the humidity in the air rises, the salt around the water begins to absorb moisture. Salt water flows through the soil until it reaches the permafrost layer. This is a very serious and important discovery, as similar water can form on Mars. Landscapes of water footprints on Don Juan are similar to footprints on Mars, they appear at the same times of the year. There are scientists who think that these stripes are the result of streams of water, which is proof that there is water on Mars.

Lake Don Juan - best place where you can very well simulate living conditions on Mars

Salt lakes of Russia

One of the natural resources of our country is the many salt lakes. This attraction is popular with tourists. It is difficult to say which lake is the saltiest in Russia. We will consider several reservoirs located throughout our vast country.

Elton

Lake Elton is located in Russia, in the direction of Volgograd, once salt was mined from this reservoir. The surface of the water is golden, with a pink tint. The water acquired this color because of the bacteria living there. The salt water of Lake Elton, as well as the mud, are good for health. There are several sanatoriums nearby. Elton is a real miracle, a lake with mineral waters the largest in all of Europe. In shape, it resembles a circle located in the lowland between the salt hills. The reservoir has no drain. In hot summer months, the lake has a tendency to practically dry up, and the depth becomes less than 10 centimeters. In the cold season, the average depth is 1.5 meters.

Salt concentration in Elton is 1.5 times higher than in the Dead Sea

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Lake Razval is located in the Orenburg region in the town of Sol-Iletsk. V currently this is famous resort where people come from all cities, the water is also considered medicinal. As in any salt lake, it is difficult to swim there, the water just keeps on the surface of a person due to the very high concentration of salt. The depth of the Breakup reaches 18 meters.

The pond appeared in the place where salt was mined earlier

A reservoir located at the top of a salt mountain. Baskunchak is the largest in Russia and one of the largest salt lakes in the world. It is located in Astrakhan region... The brine and clay have medicinal properties here. Sulfide mud, like Dead Sea mud, has anti-inflammatory and analgesic properties. The air is useful here, it contains a lot of bromine and phytoncides. Therefore, those who want to improve their health come here.

The salt extracted from Lake Baskunchak is the purest

Yarovoe

This reservoir is located in Altai. Like other lakes, it has no runoff; it is one of the deepest in this region. The main value of Yarovoye is brine, which contains a huge amount of mineral salts. Silt mud from the bottom of the reservoir, salt water itself and clean air also have useful properties. Scientists' studies have confirmed that the content of nutrients is not inferior to their content in the Dead Sea, therefore, the therapeutic effect on Lake Yarovoye will be no worse than the Israeli one. More and more doctors began to recommend this place for medical visits.

You won't be able to plunge headlong into the water of the lake, the high salt content will not allow you to do this

Raspberry lake

Altai, Astrakhan region, is rich in salt water bodies. Another equally famous one is the Malinovoye Lake. In the early spring in the morning, the surface of the water turns crimson, which is why it got its name. In the rest of the year, the color is brown. Water is also considered to be very beneficial for the skin.

Bulukhta

Bitter and salty Bulukhta has less useful properties than Elton, but tourists also like to come here. However, this picturesque place is located in the wild, it is extremely difficult to get there. The number of tourists here is less, mostly fans of extreme sports and wildlife... The lake is not very deep, the water contains minerals and useful salts.

The area around the reservoir is swampy

Our planet Earth is rich in many incredible natural phenomena. Salt lakes are among them. They are scattered throughout the territory, thanks to which people from all over the world can see this phenomenon live, improve their health by bathing in healing water, carry out therapeutic procedures using mud and simply breathe in the clean healing air.

Salt lakes are an amazing natural phenomenon. They are found on all continents, including Antarctica. In Russia and America there are entire zones where there are a lot of such lakes.

The largest salt lake

Lake Uyuni is recognized as the largest salt lake in the world. It is located in the south of the Bolivian desert plain. Its area is 19582 sq. km. This figure is a record one. The bottom of the lake is covered with a layer of salt, its thickness, depending on the relief, reaches eight meters. The lake is filled with water only during the rainy season and becomes like a perfect mirror surface.

Numerous tourists are interested in this lake, who come to Uyuni to see the incomparable landscapes of the salt desert. They are especially attracted by the diversity of the landscape of Lake Uyuni - it is active volcanoes, huge salt deserts, geysers and cactus islands. Residents of nearby villages use the salt of this reservoir for food, make souvenirs from it and even build houses.

Salt lakes of Russia

Present natural wealth Russia is home to numerous salt lakes. In the Volgograd region there is a lake called Elton. Interestingly, its surface is golden pink. The water and local mud are believed to have medicinal properties. There are health resorts next to this reservoir.

In the same places there is Lake Bulukhta. This bitter-salt lake is the second in the region after Elton, however, it does not have medicinal properties, and there is no curative mud in it. Getting to the reservoir is not easy, it is located among the wild.

Lake Razval near Sol-Iletsk is another salt lake. The history of this lake is closely related to the history of the Iletsk deposit. Today it famous resort... The concentration of salt in its water is very high, it is impossible to drown in such a body of water. The lake was formed at the place where the salt mining of the Tuztube mountain was carried out. Its depth is about eighteen meters. The concentration of salt in Razval is ten times higher than in the Mediterranean and Black Seas.

Baskunchak is a salt lake located on the top of a salt mountain. It is the saltiest and one of the largest salt lakes on the planet. It is located in the Astrakhan region. The wealth of the reservoir is brine and medicinal clay. This makes the lake interesting for those looking to improve their health.

There are not so many salt lakes in Russia, but others are striking in their size. You can read more about the largest lakes in Russia on the website.

Salt lakes of Altai Territory

Altai Territory is famous for its salt lakes. One of them is Lake Yarovoe. It is located in the Kulunda steppe. This closed body of water is one of the deepest in this region... The lake stretches for eleven kilometers. In the summer months, vacationers come to him wishing to receive medical treatment.

The main asset of the lake is brine, which contains many mineral salts. It is impossible to dive headlong into this body of water because of the high salt content in the water. Its main healing factors are silt mud, water and air. Another large and deep salt lake is Kulundinskoe. Raspberry Lake is no less famous. It owes its name to the fact that in the morning fog in spring, its surface acquires precisely a crimson color. During the rest of the year it is brown. The pond water is considered good for the skin.

Salt lakes in America

The natural attractions of America are its salt lakes. The largest is the Big Salt Lake. It is drainless, which explains its excessive salinity. The indicator varies from one hundred to three hundred ppm. There are practically no living organisms in it; it is also unsuitable for bathing. Due to the lack of vegetation around it, the reservoir resembles the Dead Sea in Israel.

There are many small, saline, drainless lakes on the southern plateaus of the Cordilleras. Their level directly depends on the precipitation. These lakes are all that remains of the Bonneville salt lake, which was practically dried up seventeen thousand years ago.

The saltiest lake in the world

It is difficult to say with certainty which lake is the most saline among all the salt lakes of the planet. Two such reservoirs can be especially distinguished.

There is a desert in Antarctica called "Dry Valleys". It was there that Lake Vida was discovered. It lies beneath kilometers of gravel and ice. According to scientists, the water in the lake did not freeze only because of the increased salt content in it. There is no exact data on the salt content in the lake, presumably it is about 40 percent. It is possible that the reservoir is inhabited. This assumption came after frozen bacteria were found in the immediate vicinity of the reservoir.

Don Juan is another lake in Antarctica. It was completely accidentally found in 1961 by helicopter pilots. It was named after them. Its salt content reaches 40.2 percent, thanks to which it does not freeze even at an incredibly low temperature of 53 degrees. Over the past few decades, the reservoir has significantly decreased in size, and its depth has also decreased. Today, with an area of 0.03 sq. km, its depth is only 0.1 m.
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There are many wonders in the world, and one of them is salt lakes. In general, it is more correct to call them mineral, since the mineralization of water is taken as a basis. If the well-known sodium chloride is found in one thousandth of the water in the lake, then it immediately ceases to be freshwater and becomes salty. Most often, salt lakes are located in arid areas and do not have drains (they are endless water bodies that are not connected with the World Ocean through river systems).

In Russia

Caspian Sea... Perhaps the Caspian Sea is the most famous unusual salt lake in the world. By the size of its water area, this body of water more belongs to the category of seas (its length is 371,000 km²), but by its nature and nature it is still a lake. The Caspian Sea is a unique natural healing complex, rich in mineral springs and healthy mud. It also produces oil and gas, the transportation of which, however, leads to water pollution.

Aral Sea... This sea-lake today is considered "former", as it has become quite shallow as a result of pumping water from the rivers that feed it. Nowadays, the reservoir consists of two separate salt lakes - the South Aral and the North Aral.

Elton... Elton is considered the largest salt lake in Europe. It is also one of the most mineralized in the world. Until the end of the 19th century, salt was mined here, but now Elton is a popular balneological resort.

Baskunchak... At one time, Baskunchak was dubbed the main "salt mill" of Russia, since it was from its depths that about 80% of table salt was mined and extracted throughout the country (from 1.5 to 5 million tons of salt per year).

Salt lakes of Russia - an alternative to the Jordanian-Israeli reservoir

In addition to salt, Baskunchak is rich in medicinal clay deposits, which attract tourists here both from other regions of Russia and from abroad.

In the world

Dead Sea (Israel)... This salt lake is known all over the world for its medicinal properties. Millions of tourists annually visit the shores of the Dead Sea to heal the body and recuperate. If we compare this reservoir with other parts of the globe, the atmospheric pressure here is the highest. At the same time, the oxygen content in the air is 15% higher than in the entire Mediterranean. Thanks to these features, the effect of a natural pressure chamber is created.

Great Salt Lake (USA). The Great Salt Lake is considered the largest salt lake in the Western Hemisphere of the Earth. From the point of view of treatment and tourism, this reservoir is not of particular interest, but in the industrial sphere its resources are rather actively involved. Here table and Glauber's salt is mined.

Uyuni (Bolivia)... Uyuni is a dry salt lake, which today is the largest salt marsh in the world (covers an area of 10 588 km²). The interior of this desert is covered with a layer of table salt 2-8 m thick. During the rainy season, the salt marsh is covered with a thin layer of water and turns into the world's largest mirror surface. According to scientists, the salt reserve of Uyuni is 10 billion tons.

What is the saltiest lake in the world? The most famous is the Dead Sea in the Middle East, in which, due to the high density of the water, it is impossible to drown. But the palm does not belong to him. Several lakes in the world have a salt content higher than the Dead Sea.

Ten most famous salt lakes

Here is a list of the most saline lakes in the world:

Most salty

All lakes from the list of the most saline (of course, except for Lake Don Juan) have long been a place for salt mining. Over time, various hospitals have been added to the salt industries, because the microclimate around such lakes has a beneficial effect on the human body, and many diseases can be treated with mud. For example, the salt deposit of Lake Elton began to be regularly developed during the time of Ivan the Terrible, shortly after his conquest of the Astrakhan Khanate. During the reign of Empress Elizabeth Petrovna, two routes were laid for the export of salt, and by the decree of the ruling Senate on February 27, 1747, the "Commissioner for the extraction of salt" was established.

Since the end of the 19th century, Elton has been exclusively of resort importance; salt mining has ceased there. But Lake Baskunchak combines "two in one". Here not only salt is mined, but also a whole bunch of diseases are treated. Baskunchak's salt is the purest table salt in the world, while covering up to 80 percent of the needs of the Russian market.

Lake Baskunchak is also famous for the fact that in the 60s of the last century a track was built on it to establish All-Union speed records. As a result, from 1960 to 1963, 29 records were set, including 19 international ones. Maximum speed amounted to 311.4 km / h. Later, due to the ongoing development of the salt field and the deterioration of the hydrological situation, the route, where there was a 13-kilometer straight section, was closed.

The Dead Sea is widely known as an international resort, it has the most large area and the most developed infrastructure. Despite this, salt mining continues there today. But the sea level, unlike its Russian counterparts, is regularly falling. However, at great depths, complete shallowing will not come very soon.

Lake Assal in small African state Djibouti is just 5 kilometers from Indian Ocean and 155 meters below its level. It occupies a crater extinct volcano... On the lake, which lies in a very troubled (in a social sense) region of Africa, there is not a single sanatorium. Here only salt is mined and delivered by caravans to neighboring Ethiopia.

Antarctic phenomenon

Lake Don Juan was discovered in 1961, and the name was given by the names of the helicopter pilots who first discovered it: Don Ro and John Hickey. Obviously, when the name was given, they decided to beat the name of Don Juan, known in literature, and the English "John" was translated into Spanish. At the time of opening, the water temperature was -30 degrees Celsius, but due to the high salt content, the lake was not frozen. Its exact description was received only in the 70s of the last century.

The 1977 handbook indicates that the area of the lake is 0.25 km2, and its average depth- about 30 centimeters. Twenty years later, the area and depth of the reservoir have greatly decreased. Today it is just a very large 3 hectare salt puddle with an almost perfectly flat bottom. No life, including bacteria, was found in the lake.

It is located in the region of Antarctica called Victoria Land, in the Wright Valley. The average salinity is 402 ppm, some measurements show a value of 413. Lake Don Juan is described as a point of emergence of groundwater with high salinity. Thanks to the unique natural conditions- permanent strong winds and great dryness of the air - the water evaporates, leaving the brought substances in the reservoir. Due to the high concentration of salt, the lake does not freeze even in a frost of -53 degrees Celsius.

All these reservoirs have a very high salt concentration, more than an order of magnitude higher than the salinity of the World Ocean. Which of them is more worthy of the title of "the saltiest lake in the world"? By absolute value this is Elton - 500 ppm. But sometimes, with an abundance of melt water, the lake becomes much fresher, restoring its primacy in dry years. And the Dead Sea, with the continued shallowing, has good "prospects" after some time to seize the sole leadership. This lake has the greatest depth and area and, as a result, the largest volume of water and the total amount of mineral substances.

salt lake near the sea

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Nature that can heal: the most salty lakes in Russia

There are many salt lakes in Russia that are unique in their composition and healing properties. Almost every region has a similar reservoir, which has its own special history and is steeped in legends. Salt lakes are always popular with vacationers.

Russian salt lakes are in no way inferior to the famous Dead Sea. Let us dwell in more detail on the features of several reservoirs, rich in deposits of medicinal mud and mineral salts.

The largest salt lake in Russia is Kulundinskoye. It is located in the Altai Territory and is even called local residents"Altai sea". It is considered a slightly saline reservoir (salinity is about 11%), after swimming in it, no plaque remains on the body. The diameter of Lake Kulunda is 35 km, so the shores are lost in the distance. In summer, the water temperature can warm up to +26 degrees.

203 housing properties in Altai Krai

Lake Tambukan is located near Pyatigorsk. At the bottom of the lake there are several tons of medicinal mud, which is systematically extracted for use in medicine and cosmetology. It is noteworthy that Lake Tambukan has an almost perfect oval shape.

48 accommodations in Pyatigorsk

Baskunchak is located in the Astrakhan region, slightly north of the Caspian Sea. It is divided into Upper, Lower and Middle Baskunchak. The reservoir is a kind of depression at the top of a salt mountain, which goes thousands of meters into the depths of the earth. The area of the lake is 106 km², and its maximum depth is 3 meters. Salinity is 300%. About 1,500 tons of salt is extracted from the lake annually, which is 80% of the total production in the Russian Federation. The healing mud deposits successfully cure many diseases.

81 housing options in the Astrakhan region

Elton, the largest salt lake in Europe, is one of the most interesting sights of the Volgograd region. The area of the reservoir is 152 km², the shape is close to a circle. It is self-nesting; in the off-season it becomes a refuge for migratory birds. Salinity can range from 200 to 500%. The mineralization of Elton is twice that of the Dead Sea. Mineral salts give the water a golden-pink hue, which is why the name is translated as "golden lake".

Chany is the largest salt reservoir in Western Siberia and is located in the Novosibirsk region. Most of the lake is located in the forest-steppe. The area is 1500-2000 km². There is a legend that says about the presence of a giant snake in the reservoir, devouring people who are swimming. Resting on the lake is not always safe because high waves rise in bad weather - several cases of death have been noted.

225 accommodations in Novosibirsk Oblast

Bulukhta is the second largest salt lake after Elton in the Volgograd region.

Don Juan (lake)

It is a bitter-salty closed water body. The boundaries of the lake are constantly changing, the reservoir itself is extremely swampy, has a muddy bottom. On the shores of the reservoir there is a rare bird listed in the Red Book - the burial eagle.

166 housing properties in Volgograd Oblast

The collapse - the reservoir is the main attraction of Sol-Iletsk. The lake is of artificial origin. The salt concentration in it exceeds 200 grams per liter of water. Due to the beneficial properties of the water, several health-improving institutions are located on the shore of the lake. It is interesting that the rhombs depicted on the coat of arms of Sol-Iletsk are a reflection of the salt mined from Lake Razval.

38 accommodations in Sol-Iletsk

On the Russian salt lakes, you can not only relax, but also restore your health. As a rule, for some diseases, patients are prescribed not only medication, but also spa treatment... The beneficial effect of salt lakes on the human body, with their help they treat various skin diseases, gynecological, musculoskeletal diseases and others.

There are several contenders for the title of the saltiest sea in the world. The fact is that the salinity level of each of the reservoirs changes from year to year, depending on the precipitation and other climatic features. In this article, we will tell you about the saltiest lakes in the world.

The Dead Sea

Despite the name, this is a lake, since other bodies of water do not flow into it. It is located on the border of Jordan and Israel. Its area is small, only 810 square kilometers.

This is the most amazing waterfall in the world, making a lasting impression on tourists. It is a popular spa and health resort. The water is so salty that it is impossible to drown in it even if you cannot swim.

The salt concentration in the Dead Sea is 30-40% (depending on the season and geographic region), and 3-4% in the Mediterranean.

The waters of the Dead Sea have a beneficial effect on human health.

The saltiest body of water in the world is Lake Assaal, not the Dead Sea

For nature, the lake waters are really "dead": there are no fish, algae and phytoplankton do not grow here.

Located in the center of Djibouti and is the lowest point in Africa. In terms of salinity, Assal is not inferior to To the dead sea, but tourists are not so familiar with it.

Its coast is surrounded by highly saline soil, from which salt is then extracted.

Lake Elton

The saltiest lake in Russia is located in the Volgograd region near the border with Kazakhstan. Unusual name the lake comes from the Mongolian "Altyn-nor", translated as "gold mine". Salinity level is 20-50%. It is the saltiest and largest lake in Europe.

Its depth in summer is only 7 cm in summer and one and a half meters in spring.

Until the end of the 19th century, salt was mined in its waters. At the beginning of the 20th century, the sanatorium and balneological resort of the same name was opened.

Lake Don Juan

Located in Antarctica on Victoria Land in the Wright Valley. Its salinity is 40%. It is it that claims to be the saltiest lake on Earth.

The lake is named after the helicopter pilots who discovered it: Don Ro and John Hickey, not after the great seducer. The reason for its incredible salinity lies in the high salt content in the sedimentary rocks and glaciers that feed the lake. Because of this, Lake Don Juan does not freeze even in winter.

Most salty

Lake Baskunchak is also famous for the fact that in the 60s of the last century a track was built on it to establish All-Union speed records. As a result, from 1960 to 1963, 29 records were set, including 19 international ones. The maximum speed was 311.4 km / h. Later, due to the ongoing development of the salt field and the deterioration of the hydrological situation, the route, where there was a 13-kilometer straight section, was closed.

The Dead Sea is widely known as an international resort; it has the largest area and the most developed infrastructure among the five record holders. Despite this, salt mining continues there today. But the sea level, unlike its Russian counterparts, is regularly falling. However, at great depths, complete shallowing will not come very soon.

Lake Assal in the small African state of Djibouti is located just 5 kilometers from the Indian Ocean and 155 meters below its level. It occupies the crater of an extinct volcano. On the lake, which lies in a very troubled (in a social sense) region of Africa, there is not a single sanatorium. Here only salt is mined and delivered by caravans to neighboring Ethiopia.

Antarctic phenomenon

The 1977 handbook indicates that the area of the lake is 0.25 km 2, and its average depth is about 30 centimeters. Twenty years later, the area and depth of the reservoir have greatly decreased. Today it is just a very large 3 hectare salt puddle with an almost perfectly flat bottom. No life, including bacteria, was found in the lake.

It is located in the region of Antarctica called Victoria Land, in the Wright Valley. The average salinity is 402 ppm, some measurements show a value of 413. Lake Don Juan is described as a point of emergence of groundwater with high salinity. Due to the unique natural conditions - constant strong winds and great dryness of the air - the water evaporates, leaving the brought substances in the reservoir. Due to the high concentration of salt, the lake does not freeze even in a frost of -53 degrees Celsius.

All these reservoirs have a very high salt concentration, more than an order of magnitude higher than the salinity of the World Ocean. Which of them is more worthy of the title of "the saltiest lake in the world"? In absolute terms, this is Elton - 500 ppm. But sometimes, with an abundance of melt water, the lake becomes much fresher, restoring its primacy in dry years. And the Dead Sea, with the continued shallowing, has good "prospects" after some time to seize the sole leadership. This lake has the greatest depth and area and, as a result, the largest volume of water and the total amount of mineral substances.