Tierra del Fuego temperature. Province of Tierra del Fuego

When the phrase comes out of our mouths: “Yes, even to the ends of the world ...”, we don’t even think that by doing so we mention the picturesque expanses of Tierra del Fuego, which was once separated from the snow-white ones as a result of the global whim of nature. glaciers of Antarctica, and is now divided between Chile and Argentina.

Wilderness, thanks to the cruel climate, chilling stories about the insatiable sea ​​waters, annually absorbing thousands of ships and remoteness from civilization, has remained almost untouched. Only in the stone embrace of cities do comfortable hotels and sparkling neon stubbornly reach for the low gloomy sky. shopping centers- a breath of comfort and warmth for tourists who want to see the horizon with their own eyes, standing on the southernmost cliff of the planet. What if the silhouette of a city of a civilization that died many centuries ago appears in the depths of the sea, and revelation and absolute knowledge of the truth of being will come with the piercing Arctic winds?!

40 thousand islands of the archipelago, like a handful of rough diamonds of various sizes and shapes, carelessly thrown by the Creator into the gray-emerald waters, warmed only by the mean January sun. The largest of the islands is Isla Grande. But the harsh climate for humans is a blessing for the main inhabitants of Tierra del Fuego - hilariously touching penguins, to see which is one of the first goals of any visitor.

Main tourist town archipelago - Ushuaia (aka - the southernmost city of the Earth), the economic capital of the region - the city of Rio Grande.

How to get there

From Buenos Aires to Ushuaia - more than 3000 km. It is most reasonable to overcome them by plane, the travel time is about 4 hours. From El Calafate to Tierra del Fuego - just an hour's flight.

Search for flights to Buenos Aires (nearest airport to Tierra del Fuego)

Weather in Tierra del Fuego

Spring, summer and early autumn are especially good in Tierra del Fuego. This time is ideal for walking in the national park, cruises, fishing and other trips to these places.

Tierra del Fuego

Popular hotels in Tierra del Fuego

Entertainment and attractions of Tierra del Fuego

The main attractions became the reason for the creation of an extensive infrastructure of the capital of the flaming islands - Ushuaia. First of all, you can study the city prison, or rather the museum, imposingly located in it, and, of course, the Fin del Mundo regional museum - the Museum At the End of the World. After that, it is recommended to board one of the boats in order to make boat trip along the Beagle Channel. For the impatient, a two-hour tour with a visit to a couple of colorful islands inhabited by sea lions and arctic birds is enough; for a more detailed immersion in the world of fauna and flora of Tierra del Fuego, a 4-hour cruise with a dessert - Magellanic penguins will do. Tierra del Fuego National Park - a whole day of impressions, which have no analogues in tourist leisure, and the entrance fee is only 10 dollars.

An unforgettable trip will be a walk in the Cape Horn National Park, over which the one-eyed watchman of sailors rises - the famous Horn lighthouse. King penguins have chosen the icy rocks of Snow Hill Island, a visit to which is a real pleasure, because this is the land of the Arctic Peninsula, however, not everyone dares to take such a desperate step.

It is worth visiting the lake with almost black water due to the peat bottom, go by jeeps to the Escondido and Fagnano lakes or sail on a rented yacht to the Beagle Channel and Los Lobos Island.

Going on a jeep safari, it is better to take care of your lunch in advance and take everything you need for barbecue with you. If the guide is experienced, he will definitely tell you the parking lots, where you can stop and properly, and most importantly, eat with pleasure.

4 things worth doing at World's End

1. Having visited Tierra del Fuego, it is sacred to repeat the route of the legendary Charles Darwin, who in the 1830s made a promenade through the islands of the archipelago. Who knows, maybe this journey will inspire you to a great discovery that amazed the world, like the theory of Darwinism, which arose in the head of a scientist precisely while examining the unique beauties of this earth. To do this, you can rent a boat and a guide, having previously insured both, and yourself at the same time.
2. You can become the owner of an unusual trophy by rounding Cape Horn, the coastal waters of which are the largest ship cemetery, for overcoming which everyone receives a certificate, which a couple of centuries ago looked like a silver earring in the left ear. It is recommended to do this on your own only from November to March, when the weather is not so violent.
3. In local restaurants, look for dishes from the sentolian king crab on the menu, the fragrant meat of which must be washed down with the local Chilean Pisco vodka with a strength of 35 degrees. Dinner costs 30-50 dollars.
4. In order to confidently declare to everyone after a fascinating trip to the islands of Tierra del Fuego: “I have seen the end of the world”, you need to visit the southernmost locality Lands - the fishing village of Puerto Toro, where one of the 50 remaining old-timers will pat you on the shoulder with a calloused rough hand, while you stand in amazement on rocky boulders, struggling with sharp gusts of sea wind. Address: Navarino Island, Tierra del Fuego archipelago.

meteoblue weather charts are based on 30 years of weather models available for every point on Earth. They provide useful indicators of typical climatic features and expected weather conditions (temperature, rainfall, sunshine or wind). Meteorological data models have a spatial resolution of about 30 km in diameter and may not represent all local weather events such as thunderstorms, local winds or tornadoes.

You can study the climate of any area, such as the Amazonian rainforest, the West African savannas, the Sahara Desert, the Siberian Tundra or the Himalayas.

Hourly historical data of 30 years regarding Tierra del Fuego can be activated by purchasing the history+ package. You will be able to download CSV files for weather parameters such as temperature, wind, cloudiness and precipitation relative to any point on the globe. The last 2 weeks of past weather data for Tierra del Fuego are available for free evaluation of the package.

Average temperature and precipitation

The "mean daily maximum" (solid red line) shows the maximum temperature of an average day for every month for Tierra del Fuego. Similarly, the "Minimum Mean Daily Temperature" (solid blue line) indicates the minimum average temperature. Hot days and cold nights (dashed red and blue lines indicate the average temperature on the hottest day and coldest night of each month for 30 years. When planning your holiday, you will be aware average temperature and ready for both the hottest and coldest days. The default settings do not include wind speed readings, however you can enable this option using the button on the graph.

The rainfall chart is useful for seasonal fluctuations, such as the monsoon climate in India or the wet period in Africa.

Cloudy, sunny and rainy days

The graph indicates the number of sunny, partly cloudy and foggy days, as well as days of precipitation. Days when the cloud layer does not exceed 20% are considered sunny; 20-80% of the cover is considered partly cloudy and more than 80% is considered overcast. While in Reykjavik, the capital of Iceland, the weather is mostly cloudy. Sossusvlei in the Namib Desert is one of the sunniest places on earth.

Attention: In countries with a tropical climate, such as Malaysia or Indonesia, the forecast for the number of days of precipitation may be doubled.

Maximum temperatures

The chart for maximum temperature in Tierra del Fuego shows how many days per month the specific temperature is reached. In Dubai, one of the hottest cities on earth, the temperature is almost never below 40°C in July. You can also see the chart of cold winters in Moscow, which shows that only a few days in the month the maximum temperature barely reaches -10°C.

Precipitation

The precipitation chart for Tierra del Fuego shows how many days in a month a certain amount of precipitation is reached. In areas with a tropical or monsoonal climate, rainfall forecasts may be underestimated.

Wind speed

The Tierra del Fuego diagram indicates those days in a month during which the wind speed reaches a certain value. An interesting example is the Tibetan Plateau, where the monsoons cause long, powerful winds from December to April and calm air currents from June to October.

Wind speed units can be changed in the preferences section (upper right corner).

wind rose

The wind rose for Tierra del Fuego shows how many hours per year the wind blows from the indicated direction. An example is a southwesterly wind: The wind blows from the southwest (SW) to the northeast (NE). Cape Horn, the most south point in South America, is characterized by a characteristic powerful westerly wind, which significantly impedes the passage from east to west, especially for sailing ships.

general information

Since 2007, meteoblue has been collecting model meteorological data in its archive. In 2014, we began to compare weather models with historical data since 1985, thus processing and obtaining 30 years of global archive data with hourly weather data. Weather charts are the first simulated weather data sets available on the Internet. Our meteorological data history includes data from all over the world for any period of time, regardless of the availability of meteorological stations.

The data is derived from our global NEMS weather model over a diameter of about 30 km. Therefore, they cannot reproduce minor local weather events such as thermal domes, cold air currents, thunderstorms, and tornadoes. For areas and phenomena that require a high level of accuracy (such as energy release, insurance, etc.) we offer models with high resolution with hourly weather data.

License

This data may be used under the Attribution + Non-commercial (BY-NC) Creative Community license. Any form is illegal.

The sun's rays, passing through transparent bodies, heat them very weakly. For this reason, direct sunlight almost does not heat the air of the atmosphere, but heats the surface of the Earth, from which heat is transferred to the adjacent layers of air. When heated, the air becomes lighter and rises, where it mixes with colder air, in turn heating it.

As it rises, the air cools. At an altitude of 10 km, the temperature is constantly kept at around 40-45 ° C.

A decrease in air temperature with height is a general pattern. However, there is often an increase in temperature as you rise up. Such a phenomenon is called temperature inversion, i.e., a permutation of temperatures.

Inversions occur either during the rapid cooling of the earth's surface and adjacent air, or, conversely, when heavy cold air flows down the slopes of the mountains into the valleys. There, this air stagnates and displaces warmer air up the slopes.

During the day, the air temperature does not remain constant, but continuously changes. During the day, the surface of the Earth heats up and heats the adjacent layer of air. At night, the Earth radiates heat, cools, and the air cools. The lowest temperatures are observed not at night, but before sunrise, when the earth's surface has already given up all the heat. Similarly, the highest air temperatures are set not at noon, but around 3 p.m.

at the equator diurnal temperature variation monotonous, day and night they are almost the same. Very small diurnal amplitudes in the seas and near sea ​​coasts. But in deserts during the day the surface of the earth often heats up to 50-60 ° C, and at night it often cools down to 0 ° C. Thus, diurnal amplitudes here exceed 50–60 °C.

In temperate latitudes, the greatest amount of solar radiation reaches the Earth during the summer solstices, i.e. June 22 in the Northern Hemisphere and December 21 in the Southern. However, the hottest month is not June (December), but July (January), since on the day of the solstice a huge amount of radiation is spent on heating the earth's surface. In July (January) the radiation decreases, but this decrease is compensated by the strongly heated earth's surface.

Similarly, the coldest month is not June (December), but July (January).

At sea, due to the fact that the water cools and heats up more slowly, the temperature shift is even greater. Here, the hottest month is August, and the coldest month is February in the Northern Hemisphere and, accordingly, the hottest month is February and the coldest month is August in the Southern Hemisphere.

Annual amplitude temperature is largely dependent on the latitude of the place. So, at the equator, the amplitude during the year remains almost constant and amounts to 22-23 °C. The highest annual amplitudes are typical for territories located in the middle latitudes in the interior of the continents.

Any area is also characterized by absolute and average temperatures. Absolute temperatures established by long-term observations at weather stations. So, the hottest (+58 °C) place on Earth is in the Libyan Desert; the coldest (-89.2 °C) is in Antarctica at Vostok station. In the Northern Hemisphere, the lowest temperature (-70.2 ° C) was recorded in the village of Oymyakon in Eastern Siberia.

Average temperatures is defined as the arithmetic mean of several thermometer readings. So, to determine the average daily temperature, measurements are taken at 1; 7; 13 and 19 hours, i.e. 4 times a day. From the figures obtained, the arithmetic mean value is found, which will be the average daily temperature of the area. Then the mean monthly and mean annual temperatures are found as the arithmetic mean of the mean daily and mean monthly temperatures.

On the map, you can mark points with the same temperature values ​​and draw lines connecting them. These lines are called isotherms. The most revealing isotherms are January and July, i.e. the coldest and warmest months of the year. Isotherms can be used to determine how heat is distributed on the Earth. At the same time, clearly expressed regularities can be traced.

1. The highest temperatures are not observed at the equator, but in tropical and subtropical deserts, where direct radiation prevails.

2. In both hemispheres, temperatures decrease from tropical latitudes to the poles.

3. Due to the predominance of the sea over land, the course of isotherms in the Southern Hemisphere is smoother, and the temperature amplitudes between the hottest and coldest months are smaller than in the Northern Hemisphere.

The great navigator Ferdinand Magellan during his first world travel in 1520, he not only opened the strait later named after him, connecting the Atlantic with, but also gave the name to the archipelago located south of the South American mainland. The bonfires of the Indians, constantly burning on the islands, he mistook for volcanic vents and called the archipelago Tierra del Fuego. At the end of the 16th century, Sir Francis Drake, on the orders of the English crown, went to Tierra del Fuego and discovered that the island was not, as was commonly believed, a single entity with southern mainland. Since then, on all maps of the world, Tierra del Fuego began to be designated as an island. Following the British, the Spaniards settled here, who built the first settlement in the Strait of Magellan - the city of Ushuaia. Its name in the language of the Indians means "city in the depths of the bay." Modern Ushuaia is still one of the few large settlements in the archipelago. In the late 70s of the XX century, a conflict arose between Chile and Argentina over territorial claims to the Beagle Channel, which separates main island archipelago from southern islands with and serves as a border between states. However, thanks to the mediation of the Vatican, the war was avoided.

Despite the fact that over the past 25 years the population of the archipelago has grown several times, only 3.4 people per km 2 live on this southern tip of the American continent.

Tierra del Fuego archipelago

Tierra del Fuego is not only the name of the island. This is the name of the entire archipelago, which, in addition to the main island, includes a huge number of small islands located near the coast of Patagonia on the southern edge of America. Tierra del Fuego is separated from the mainland by the Strait of Magellan - one of the most important, but at the same time the most dangerous sea routes in the world. It connects to the Pacific, allowing sailors to avoid the extremely dangerous voyage around Cape Horn. The territory of Tierra del Fuego is divided between two states. Argentina owns the southern part of the main island, on which national park Tierra del Fuego, everything else belongs to the possessions of Chile. In the north of Tierra del Fuego vegetable world not unlike the vegetation of Patagonia, further south the landscape becomes increasingly sparse. Mountain peaks the Cordillera systems (some of them reach an altitude of 2500 m) are covered with glaciers. Because of cool climate and abundant rainfall, Tierra del Fuego can hardly be called a resort area, but, despite the not too favorable weather, more and more people come to these calm islands, dreaming of escaping from the hustle and bustle of civilization.

general information

It is part of two states - Argentina and Chile.
Languages: Spanish, Indian dialects.

Currency: Argentine and Chilean pesos.

Religion: Catholicism.

Largest cities: Porvenir (the territory of Chile, 5,600 inhabitants), Ushuaia (11,000 inhabitants) and Rio Grande (35,000 inhabitants) are located in Argentina.

Largest islands: Tierra del Fuego, Oste, Santa Ines, Navarino.

Numbers

Area: 73,753 km2 (the area of major island- 47,000 km 2).

Population: 251,000 people.
Population density: 3.4 people per km2.

highest point: Mount Yogan (2469 m).

Length of the Strait of Magellan: 580 km.

Climate and weather

Oceanic, cool.

Strong winds.

Attractions

■ The cities of Porvenir, Ushuaia and Puerto Williams.
■ National parks Tierra del Fuego and Alberto de Agostini.
■ Migratory birds in San Sebastian Bay.

Curious facts

■ The Beagle Channel was named after the ship on which Charles Darwin sailed. In 1830, the famous Englishman conducted important research in Tierra del Fuego, which formed the basis of evolutionary theory.
■ Travelers whose journey along the Trans-American Highway ends in Tierra del Fuego can have their names immortalized at the world's southernmost parking lot on a special plaque.
■ Ushuaia, one of the few large settlements in Tierra del Fuego, is the most southern city peace. For half a year, the south of Tierra del Fuego is dominated by day: it is dark here only five hours a day.