The names of low mountains up to 1000 m. Which mountains are the lowest in Russia? What is the difference between mountains and plains

Mountains vary in height, shape, age, origin, geographical location etc. The article provides a description of the listed types of mountains.

Mountains by height

Lowlands

Low mountains or low mountains - mountain heights up to 800 meters above sea level.

Peculiarities:

• The tops of the mountains are round, flat,
• The slopes are gentle, not steep, covered with forest,
• Characteristically, there are river valleys between the mountains.

Examples: Northern Urals, spurs of the Tien Shan, some ridges of Transcaucasia, Khibiny Mountains on the Kola Peninsula, individual mountains of Central Europe.

Srednegorye

Middle mountains (medium or mid-altitude mountains) - the height of these mountains is from 800 to 3000 meters above sea level.

For mid-altitude mountains characterized by altitudinal zonation, i.e. change of landscape with change in altitude.

Examples of medium mountains: Mountains of the Middle Urals, Polar Urals, island mountains New Earth, mountains of Siberia and Far East, mountains of the Apennine and Iberian Peninsulas, Scandinavian mountains in northern Europe, Appalachians in North America, etc.

Highlands

Highlands (high mountains) - the height of these mountains is more than 3000 meters above sea level. These are young mountains, the relief of which is intensively formed under the influence of external and internal processes.

Peculiarities:

• The mountain slopes are steep, high,
• The peaks of the mountains are sharp, peak-shaped, and have a specific name - “Carlings”,
• The mountain ridges are narrow, jagged,
• It is characterized by altitudinal zones from forests at the foot of the mountains to icy deserts at the tops.

Examples: Pamir, Tien Shan, Caucasus, Himalayas, Cordillera, Andes, Alps, Karakoram, Rocky Mountains, etc.

Mountains by shape

According to the nature of the summit endings, mountains are: peak-shaped, dome-shaped, plateau-shaped, etc.

Peaked mountain peaks

Peaked mountains are pointed mountain peaks that are shaped like peaks, hence the name of this species mountain peaks. They are characteristic mainly of young mountains with steep rocky slopes, sharp ridges and deep crevices of river valleys.

Examples of mountains with peaked peaks:

• Peak Communism (mountain system - Pamir, height 7495 meters)
• Pobeda Peak (Tian Shan mountain system, height 7439 meters)
• Mount Kazbek (mountain system - Pamir, height 7134 meters)
• Pushkin Peak (mountain system - Caucasus, height 5100 meters)

Domed mountain peaks

The dome-shaped, that is, rounded, shape of the top can be taken by:

• Laccoliths are unformed volcanoes in the form of a hill with a magma core inside,
• Extinct ancient heavily destroyed volcanoes,
• Small areas of land that have undergone a dome-shaped tectonic uplift and, under the influence of erosion processes, have taken on a mountainous appearance.

Examples of mountains with a dome-shaped peak:

• Black Hills (USA). This territory underwent a dome uplift, and most of The sedimentary cover was removed by further denudation and erosion. As a result, the central core was exposed. It consists of metamorphic and igneous rocks.
• Ai-Nikola (Ukrainian Ai-Nikola, Crimean tat. Ay Nikola, Ai Nikola) is a domed outlier mountain, the southeastern spur of Mount Mogabi near the western outskirts of the village of Oreanda. It is composed of Upper Jurassic limestones. Height - 389 meters above sea level.
• Kastel (Ukrainian Kastel, Crimean Catholicate. Qastel, Kaastel) is a mountain 439 m high on the southern outskirts of Alushta, behind Professor's Corner. The dome of the mountain is covered with a forest cap, and chaos has formed on the eastern slope - boulders of stone, sometimes reaching 3-5 m in diameter.
• Ayu-Dag or Bear Mountain (Ukrainian Ayu-Dag, Crimean Catholicate. Ayuv Dağ, Ayuv Dag) - a mountain on South Coast Crimea, located on the border of Big Alushta and Big Yalta. The height of the mountain is 577 meters above sea level. This is a classic example of a laccolith.
• Kara-Dag (Ukrainian Kara-Dag, Crimean Catholicate. Qara dağ, Kаara dag) is a mountain-volcanic massif, Crimea. Maximum height— 577 m (Mount Holy). It is a heavily destroyed volcanic form with a dome-shaped top.
• Mashuk is a remnant magmatic mountain (laccolith mountain) in the central part of Pyatigorye in the Caucasus Mineralnye Vody, in the northeastern part of the city of Pyatigorsk. Height is 993.7 m. The peak has a regular dome shape.

Plateau-shaped mountain peaks

Mountain peaks that are flat in shape are called plateau-shaped.

• Front Range Front Range) is a mountain range in the southern part of the Rocky Mountains in the United States, adjacent to the Great Plains on the west. The ridge stretches from south to north for 274 km. The highest point is Mount Grays Peak (4349 m). The ridge is composed mainly of granites. The peaks are plateau-shaped, the eastern slopes are gentle, the western slopes are steep.
• Khibiny (Kild. Umptek) - the largest mountain range on the Kola Peninsula. Geological age is about 350 million years. The peaks are plateau-shaped, the slopes are steep with isolated snowfields. However, not a single glacier was discovered in the Khibiny Mountains. The highest point is Mount Yudychvumchorr (1200.6 m above sea level).
• Amba (translated from Amharic as Mountain Fortress) is the name of the flat-topped hills and mesas in Ethiopia. They consist mainly of horizontal sandstones and layers of basalt. This determines the flat-topped shape of the mountains. Ambas are located at an altitude of up to 4,500 m.

Mountains by age

By age, mountains are divided into:

• Young mountains,
• Old (ancient) mountains.

Young mountains formed over the last 50 million years. In these mountain systems Internal processes are developing very actively, accompanied by the formation of mountains, earthquakes, and sometimes even volcanic activity. The youngest mountains on Earth are those belonging to the continental and island rings Pacific Ocean. Recognized as the youngest mountains in Russia Caucasus Mountains. Here is the most high mountain Russia - Elbrus (5642 m). (In the picture on the left: The Himalayas are young mountains, geological age about 38 million years)

Features of the young mountains:

• the process of growth of young mountains is still ongoing,
• the relief is sharp, highly dissected,
• the peaks of the ridges are sharp,
• the mountain slopes are steep and high,
• high absolute altitudes,
• significant height amplitude,
• the valleys of numerous rivers are presented in the form of gorges, gorges,
• Young mountains are characterized by the development of glaciers.

Examples of young mountains are:

• Alps,
• Caucasus Mountains,
• Carpathians,
• Kopet-Dag,
• Pamir,
• Mountains of Kamchatka.

Old (ancient) mountains are several hundred million years old. They differ in that the internal processes in them have long since died down, while the external processes that influence the destruction of the mountains are still active. This will continue until the relief is completely leveled. On many modern plains there are areas where, by all indications, there were once ancient mountains. From these mountains, only roots remained in the depths, covered with a thick layer of sedimentary rocks.

Features of old (ancient) mountains:

• were heavily damaged,
• have less contrasting relief,
• the elevation differences are small,
• gentle slopes,
• The river valleys are well developed.

Examples of old (ancient) mountains are:

• Ural Mountains,
• Timan,
• Yenisei Ridge,
• Khibiny ( Kola Peninsula, geological age approximately 350 million years).

By origin

Tectonic mountains are formed as a result of the collision of moving sections of the earth's crust - lithospheric plates. This collision causes folds to form on the surface of the earth. This is how folded mountains arise. When interacting with air, water and under the influence of glaciers, the rock layers that form folded mountains lose their plasticity, which leads to the formation of cracks and faults. Currently, folded mountains have been preserved in their original form only in certain parts of the young mountains - the Himalayas, formed during the era of Alpine folding.

With repeated movements of the earth's crust, hardened folds of rock are broken into large blocks, which, under the influence of tectonic forces, rise or fall. This is how folded block mountains arise. This type of mountains is typical for old (ancient) mountains. An example is the Altai mountains. The emergence of these mountains occurred during the Baikal and Caledonian eras of mountain building; in the Hercynian and Mesozoic eras they were subject to repeated movements of the earth's crust. Ultimate type fold-block mountains adopted during the Alpine folding.

Volcanic mountains are formed during the process of volcanic eruptions. They are usually located along fault lines in the earth's crust or at the boundaries of lithospheric plates.

There are two types of volcanic mountains:

Volcanic cones. These mountains acquired their cone-shaped appearance as a result of the eruption of magma through long cylindrical vents. This type of mountain is widespread throughout the world. These are Fuji in Japan, Mount Mayon in the Philippines, Popocatepetl in Mexico, Misti in Peru, Shasta in California, etc.
Shield volcanoes. Formed by repeated outpouring of lava. They differ from volcanic cones in their asymmetrical shape and small size.

In areas of the globe where active volcanic activity occurs, entire chains of volcanoes can form. The most famous is the chain Hawaiian Islands of volcanic origin with a length of more than 1600 km. These islands are the tops of underwater volcanoes, whose height from the surface of the ocean floor is more than 5500 meters.

Erosion (denudation) mountains

Erosion mountains arose as a result of the intensive dissection of stratified plains, plateaus and plateaus by flowing waters. Most mountains of this type are characterized by a table shape and the presence of box-shaped and sometimes canyon-type valleys between them. The last type of valley occurs most often when a lava plateau is dissected.

Examples of erosional (denudation) mountains are the mountains of the Central Siberian Plateau (Vilyuisky, Tungussky, Ilimsky, etc.). Most often, erosion mountains can be found not in the form of separate mountain systems, but within mountain ranges, where they are formed by the dissection of rock layers by mountain rivers.

By geographical location

On this basis, it is customary to group mountains into mountain systems, ridges, mountain ranges and single mountains.

Mountain belts are the largest formations. Alpine-Himalayan mountain belt, stretching across Europe and Asia, and the Andean-Cordilleran mountain belt, passing through North and South America.

Mountainous country - many mountain systems.

Mountain system - mountain ranges and groups of mountains that are similar in origin and of the same age (for example, the Appalachians)

Mountain ranges are interconnected mountains stretched out in a line. For example, the Sangre de Cristo Mountains (North America).

Mountain groups are also mountains connected to each other, but not elongated in a line, but forming a group of indefinite shape. For example, Mount Henry in Utah and Bear Paw in Montana.

Solitary mountains are mountains that are not connected to other mountains, often of volcanic origin. For example, Mount Hood in Oregon and Rainier in Washington.

Classification of mountains by height - average(height m) Ural

The Ural Mountains are a mountain system between the East European and West Siberian plains. The length of the Ural Mountains is more than 2000 km, width from 40 to 150 km. In ancient sources, the Ural Mountains are called the Riphean or Hyperborean Mountains. Russian pioneers called it Stone. The name Ural comes from the Mansi "ur" (mountain). The Ural Mountains were formed in the late Paleozoic during an era of intense mountain building (Hercynian folding).

Mount Narodnaya is the highest peak (1895 m) of the Urals. Discovered by geologist A. N. Aleshkov in 1927. The mountain itself, except for its height, does not stand out against the background of the surrounding mountains Subpolar Urals. It is characterized by the presence of carrs and cirques, in the depths of which lakes lie. There are glaciers and snowfields.

M o r a e r m a k rock massif (mountain), located in the Kungur region, Perm region. The Sylva River flows at the foot. The rock is composed mainly of limestones. Ermak has three peaks, Ermak, Ermachikha, Ermachenok, all of them have different heights. There is a cave in the mountain. The legend says that in ancient times Ermak Timofeevich spent the winter in this cave and allegedly hid a treasure there. Ermak stone is very popular place for tourists.

VETLAN Stone Vetlan – rocky outcrops on the Vishera River, near the city of Krasnovishersk in Perm region. Since 1981 it has been a protected landscape of regional importance. The stone is an almost vertical wall stretching along the Vishera River for 1750 meters. The height of the rocks reaches 100 meters. Vetlan grows in the area of ​​the stone a large number of various plants, 15 of which are listed in the Red Book.

Volchikha Volchikha is the highest mountain in the vicinity of Yekaterinburg (height 526m). The mountain is located near the cities of Pervouralsk and Revda. The rocky peak of Volchikha rises above the forest. In the direction of Revda and Pervouarlsk, in calm weather, the valley at the foot of the mountain is clearly visible. The Volchikha Reservoir and the bends of the Chusovaya River are also clearly visible. You can also see the peak of Belaya (527m.)

What is absolute and relative height?

Absolute altitude- height geographical feature relative to sea level.

Relative height is the elevation of one point on the earth's surface above another.

Where are mountains formed?

Mountains are formed at the junction of two lithospheric plates, where layers of rocks are crushed into folds.

Locate the Andes Mountains on a map and determine their extent from north to south.

The length of the Andes is 9000 km.

What is the height of Chomolungma? Find the Caucasus Mountains on the map and name the height of Elbrus.

The height of Chomolungma is 8848 m. The height of Elbrus is 5642 m.

What external processes operate on the land surface?

Processes of physical, chemical and biological weathering operate on the land surface.

Questions and tasks

1. What is the difference between mountains and plains?

Mountains and plains differ in absolute heights and variations in heights. Mountains are characterized by high absolute heights and their sharp changes, i.e. mountain ranges alternate with intermountain depressions. Plains are characterized by a relatively flat surface with low absolute heights.

2. How do mountains differ in height? Give examples of mountains of different heights.

Based on absolute height, mountains are divided into three groups: low - below 1000 m (Middle Urals), medium - from 1000 to 2000 m (Carpathians) and high - above 2000 m (Himalayas).

3. How do plains differ in height? Give examples of plains of different heights.

Plains with a height of 0 to 200 m above sea level are called lowlands (Caspian lowland, Amazonian lowland), from 200 to 500 m (East European Plain) - uplands, and above 500 m - plateaus (Central Siberian plateau).

4. How do mountains change over time?

Vertical movements of the earth's crust raise the ridges upward, and external processes tend to destroy them. The mountains are gradually decreasing, the slopes are becoming flatter, and the river valleys are expanding. High mountains turn first into low ones, then into a plain.

5. Using physical maps of the world and Russia in the atlas, find, show and name the lowlands, hills and plateaus located on the Eurasian continent and on the territory of our country. Using the height scale, determine the most greater height, characteristic of the Central Siberian Plateau.

Lowlands of Eurasia - Caspian, Black Sea, Pechora, West Siberian, Turanian, Indo-Gangetic.

Hills - Valdai, Central Russian, Volyn-Podolsk, Volga, Smolensk-Moscow.

Plateau – Central Siberian, Deccan.

The highest point of the Central Siberian Plateau is Mount Kamen - 1800 m.

6. Using the physical map of Russia, determine which mountains surround the East European Plain. Which ones are high, and which ones are medium and low?

In the northwestern part it is limited by the mountains of Scandinavia, in the southwestern part by the Sudetes and other mountains of central Europe, in the southeastern part by the Caucasus, and in the east by the Urals. The Caucasus is high mountains. The Sudetes are low mountains. Ural - middle mountains.

7. Using a physical map of the hemispheres, determine which continent is the most mountainous and which is the flattest?

Eurasia is the most mountainous continent. Australia is the flattest continent.

Goals:

• Introduce students to the concept of “mountains” and their main types.
• Continue to develop the ability to work with maps, paintings and other sources of geographic information.
• To develop social competencies: love for nature, respect for it.

Equipment: physical map world, pictures of mountains, poems about mountains, recording of V. Vysotsky’s songs about mountains, fragment of the film “Vertical”, presentation, screen, projector, laptop.

Lesson type: learning new material.

Methods:

• partially search,
• explanatory and illustrative.

During the classes

In the last lesson we finished studying one of the sections physical geography- "Geographic map".

Today we are moving on to the next section – “Earth Relief”.

Write down the topic of the lesson - “Relief of the Earth. Mountains". (slide number 1)

IN primary school you studied the subject “The World Around You” and came across the concept of “relief”. Remember, please – what is relief?

The guys answer: “relief is all the unevenness of the earth’s surface.” (slide number 2) Write this definition in your notebook.

A remember please, what are the main 2 landforms you know?

The guys answer - mountains and plains.

Absolutely right.

Write in your notebook: (slide number 3)

So our lesson today is dedicated specifically to the Mountains. For each person, mountains appear differently, but for everyone they are a subject of admiration.

Watch carefully the video fragment from the feature film “Vertical”, listen to the song that sounds in the film, think about it-why am I showing you this fragment, with what phrases does the author convey his attitude towards the mountains? (slide number 4)

Here's what the guys should answer: (slide number 5)

Below you will not find 10% of such miracles

The heart is ready to run from the chest to the top

The whole world is in the palm of your hand, you are happy and silent, and you are only a little jealous of those whose peaks are still ahead

Sometimes rock climbers and peak conquerors are asked why they are so drawn to the mountains, because even in summer it’s 20-30 degrees on the peaks?

To which they answer: “Go yourself at least once, then you’ll understand.”

It’s hard not to agree with the statement “Mountains are the decoration of the Earth; as soon as you “remove” the mountains in your mind’s eye for a minute, the Earth will appear dull and meager, as if its formal attire has been torn off.”

The purpose of our lesson

• get acquainted with the concept of “mountains”
• learn the main types of mountains
• find out what significance mountains have

So, let's start in order.

Let's write down 2 definitions of mountains that you need to know well.

Mountains are large areas of land that rise high above sea level and where there are sharp fluctuations in elevation.

Mountains are a convex shape of the earth's surface with a well-defined peak, slope and base. (slide number 6)

Who can make a drawing of a mountain and label all its parts? The student goes out and draws.

(slide number 7)

What other relief form does the drawing resemble? - The guys answer that it’s up the hill.

What is the difference between a mountain and a hill? – (slide number 8)

Do you think it is possible to find out the height of mountains from a map? - The guys answer that yes, it is possible. But as? – according to the height scale and height marks. Let's open the map of the hemispheres. Tell me, looking at it, what conclusion can be drawn about the height of the mountains? – The heights of the mountains are different.

Let's look at the types of mountains by height. Write in the middle of the page

Classification of mountains by height (slide No. 9, 10)

Name the highest mountains in the world.

Himalayas

Caucasus – show them on the map! Who can?

Which peak is the highest in the world? – Everest = Chomolungma = “mother of the gods” = 8848 m. Write it down in your notebook. Look at the photo. (slide number 11)

What is the highest peak in Russia? - Elbrus = “high mountain”, “sparkling, brilliant”, “iron” = 5642 m. Record and look at the photo. (slide number 12)

What mountains is this peak in? Who will show? - in the Caucasus.

You and I also live in the mountains. Who can show you on the map? What type of height would you classify them as? – medium and low. Let's write it down in a notebook. What other examples can you give? – Scandinavian – low. Crimean - average. Who will show?

Many poems are dedicated to mountains. (slide number 13)

Lermontov writes:

In the distance I saw through the fog
In the snow that burns like a diamond
Gray-haired, unshakable, Caucasus
And it was in my heart
Easy, don't know why
Radkevich writes:
In every pine tree recognized by the heart
Tell me gray Ural
Where, in what heroic forge
Have you forged your nature?

Tell me, guys, who is right - Lermontov or Radkevich? They both call the mountains gray -1 in their poems. – Caucasus. 2. -Ural. Who is right?

The guys reason and come to the conclusion that the Urals are older.

What does this mean? - That mountains differ not only in height, but also in age. Let's write it down

Classification of mountains by age (slide No. 14,15)

Let's look at the difference between old and young mountains. Open the textbook - fig. 35-36 pp. 54-55. Let's answer the questions in the table that you have on your tables by looking at these pictures.

Mountains are rarely solitary. They form mountainous countries. Let's write down the definition

“Mountain countries - this is an alternation of mountains and intermountain depressions (valleys).” (slide number 16)

(slide number 17)

“Deep, narrow valleys with steep slopes - canyons, gorges” (slide number 18)

Lermontov – “Crowded and stuffy”
In a wild gorge
The sun is not shining
The sky is barely visible” (slide No. 19)

What is the difference between a canyon and a gorge? – the bottom of the gorge is wider. Although we don’t use the term canyon in Russia, we call everything gorges. And in the USA - a canyon.

We have become acquainted with the concept of “mountains”, their types, let’s look at them - what is the meaning of mountains? And we'll write it down. (slide number 20)

• Mining
• Ski resorts
• Construction of hydroelectric power stations on mountain rivers
• Sheep pasture
• Source of inspiration for poets, artists
• Sacred territories (slide no. 21-24)

So, today we learned a lot of new things about the mountains. What conclusions can be drawn about the topic of the lesson?

Mountains are the main landform

Mountains are varied

Mountains are important

• Tell me, what are “mountains”?
• What are the heights of mountains, give examples, show on the map?
• Which ones by age?

Grades for the lesson…..

Write down S/P - (slide No. 25)

• learn notes.
• apply to s/c mountains. Signed as in the atlas.
• The list is with the platoon commander.

be able to show mountains on a map.

Mountains are different: old and young, rocky and flat, domed and peaked. Some of them are covered with dense forests, others with lifeless stone deposits. But in this article we will talk about their height. Which mountains are medium and which are considered high?

Mountain as a landform

First of all, it is worth answering the question of whether this is a positive form of relief, characterized by a sharp and isolated elevation of the terrain. In any mountain, three main elements are clearly visible:

• vertex;
• foot;
• slope.

Any mountain system on the planet is nothing more than a complex system of valleys (depressions) and ridges, consisting of dozens of individual peaks. All of them are external manifestations of the internal (endogenous) forces of the Earth - tectonic movements of the earth's crust and volcanism.

Mountains create the most beautiful and unique landscapes on the surface of our planet. They are distinguished by their unique soil cover, unique flora and fauna. But people settle in the mountains extremely reluctantly. According to statistics, about 50% of the earth's population lives at altitudes not exceeding 200 meters above sea level.

Classification of mountains in geomorphology. Mountains are medium, low and high

In geomorphological science, mountains are usually classified according to a number of characteristics: age, height, geographical location, genesis, shape of peaks, etc.

By their origin they can be tectonic, denudation or volcanic, and by age - old or young. Moreover, a mountain system whose formation time does not exceed 50 million years is considered young. By geological standards, this is a very small age.

Depending on the shape of their peak, mountains are:

• peaked;
• domed;
• plateau-shaped (“table”).

Geographers distinguish mountains based on their altitude above sea level:

• low;
• average;
• tall.

Sometimes in the literature you can find intermediate altitude types, for example, medium-high or medium-low mountains. It is immediately worth noting that mountains of medium height can be found in any part of the world. However, most of them are in Europe and Asia.

Middle Mountains: examples and height

8848 meters - reaches this mark highest peak world - Chomolungma, or Everest. The absolute height of the middle mountains is much more modest: from 1 to 3 km above sea level.

The most famous examples of such mountain systems are the Carpathians, Appalachians, Tatras, Apennines, Pyrenees, Scandinavian and Drakensberg Mountains, Australian Alps, Stara Planina. There are medium mountains also within Russia. These are the Ural Mountains, Eastern Sayan, Sikhote-Alin (pictured below) and others.

An important feature of the middle mountains is the presence of altitudinal zones. That is, the vegetation and landscapes here change with altitude.

Carpathians

The Carpathians are the largest mountain system in Europe, spanning eight countries. Linguists, explaining the origin of its name, came to the conclusion that this toponym has Proto-Indo-European roots and is translated as “stone”, “rock”.

The Carpathians stretch in an arc of one and a half thousand kilometers, from the Czech Republic to Serbia. And the highest point of this mountain system is located on the territory of Slovakia (Mount Gerlachovsky Štit, 2654 m). An interesting fact: between the Alps and the extreme eastern spurs of the Carpathians there are only 15 kilometers.

The Carpathians are young mountains. They formed in the Cenozoic. However, their outlines are smooth and gentle, which is more typical of older geological structures. This can be explained by the fact that the Carpathians are predominantly composed of soft rocks (chalk, limestone and clay).

The mountain system is divided into three conventional parts: Western, Eastern (or Ukrainian) and Southern Carpathians. It also includes the Transylvanian Plateau. are characterized by fairly high seismicity. Here is the so-called Vrancea zone, which “produces” earthquakes with a magnitude of 7-8.

Appalachia

Geomorphologists often call the Appalachians the identical twin of the Carpathians. By appearance they are not much different from each other. The Appalachian Mountains are located in the eastern part North America, within two states (USA and Canada). They stretch from to the Gulf of Mexico in the south. The total length of the mountain system is about 2500 kilometers.

If the European Carpathians are young mountains, then the American Appalachians are a product of earlier Hercynian and Caledonian folds. They formed about 200-400 million years ago.

The Appalachians are rich in a variety of mineral resources. Coal, asbestos, oil, and iron ore are mined here. In this regard, this mountainous region is also very often called the historical “industrial belt” of the United States.

Australian Alps

It turns out that the Alps are not only in Europe. Residents of the smallest and driest continent can also go hiking in the real Alps. But only in Australia!

This mountain system is located in the southern part of the continent. This is where highest point throughout Australia - Mount Kosciuszko (2228 m). And on the slopes of these mountains the most long river mainland - Murray.

The Australian Alps are stunningly diverse in landscape terms. In these mountains you can find snow-capped peaks, deep green valleys, and lakes with pure water. The mountain slopes are decorated with bizarre-looking rocks. The Australian Alps are home to several picturesque national parks and excellent ski resorts.

Finally

Now you know which mountains are medium and which are high. Geomorphologists distinguish three types of mountain systems based on height. The middle mountains have an altitude of 1000 to 3000 meters above sea level. The Carpathians, Appalachians, and Australian Alps are the most striking examples of such mountain systems in the world.