Where is the deepest place in the ocean. Mariana Wpadina - What is it, where is it located, who lives in her waters? Are Mariana caves exist

18.10.2019

Despite the fact that the oceans closer to us than remote planets of the solar system, people investigated only five percent of the ocean bottomwhich remains one of the greatest mysteries of our planet.

Here are others interesting Facts about what can be found along the way and at the bottom Mariana Vpadina.

Temperature on the day of the Mariana Wpadin

1. Very hot water

Going down at this depth, we expect that there will be very cold. Temperature here reaches just above zero, varying from 1 to 4 degrees Celsius.

However, at a depth of about 1.6 km from the surface Pacific Ocean There are hydro thermal sources, called "black smokers". They are shooting water that heats up to 450 degrees Celsius.

This water is rich in minerals that help maintain life in this area. Despite the temperature of the water, which is hundreds of degrees above the boiling point, she does not boil here Due to incredible pressure, 155 times higher than on the surface.

Residents of Mariana Vpadina

2. Giant toxic amebe

A few years ago, at the bottom of the Mariana Vpadin found a giant 10 centimeter ameb, called xenophiophophores.

These single-celled organisms probably became such large due to the medium in which they live at a depth of 10.6 km. Cold temperatures, high pressure and no sunlight, most likely contributed to the fact that these amids bought huge sizes.

In addition, xenophylamores have incredible abilities. They are resistant to the effects of many elements and chemicals, including uranium, mercury and lead,who would kill other animals and people.

3. Mollusks

The strong water pressure in the Mariana Wpadine does not give a chance to survive any animal with sink or bones. However, in 2012, mollusks were found in the gutter near serpentine hydrothermal sources. Serpentine contains hydrogen and methane, which allows you to form living organisms.

TO actually, the clamsters have retained their sink at such pressure, remains unknown.

In addition, hydrothermal sources isolated another gas - hydrogen sulfide, which is mortal to molluscs. However, they learned to bind the sulfur compound into a safe protein, which allowed the population of these mollusks to survive.

At the day of the Mariana depression

4. Pure liquid carbon dioxide

Hydrothermal source Champagne Mariana Vpadina, which is outside the Okinawan gutter near Taiwan, is the only well-known underwater area where liquid carbon dioxide can be detected. The source opened in 2005 received its name in honor of the bubbles, which turned out to be carbon dioxide.

Many believe that these sources called "white smokers" due to lower temperatures can be a source of life. It was in the depths of the oceans with a low temperature and an abundance of chemicals and energy could be born.

5. Sliz

If we had the opportunity to swim on the very depth of the Mariana depression, we would feel that she covered with a layer of viscous mucus. Sand, in habitual form, there is no.

The bottom of the depression mainly consists of crushed shells and remnants of plankton, which accumulated at the bottom of the depression for many years. Due to the incredible pressure of water, almost everything turns into a small grayish yellow thick dirt.

Mariangian

6. Liquid sulfur

Volcano daykoku.which is at a depth of about 414 meters on the way to Mariana Wpadin, is the source of one of the rarest phenomena on our planet. Here is located lake clean molten sulfur. The only place where the liquid sulfur can be detected is the satellite of Jupiter - Io.

In this pit, called the "boiler", boiling black emulsion boils at 187 degrees Celsius. Although scientists failed to explore this place in detail, it is perhaps further contained even more liquid sulfur. It may reveal the secret of the origin of life on earth.

According to the hypothesis of gay, our planet is one self-governing organism, in which all living and non-residential is connected to maintain her life. If this hypothesis is true, then a number of signals can be observed in natural cycles and earth systems. So the sulfur compounds created by the organisms in the ocean should be fairly stable in water to allow them to go into the air, and again return to the land.

7. Bridges

At the end of 2011, in the Mariana Wpadine was discovered four stone bridgesThat extended from one to another end to 69 km. It seems that they have formed at the junction of Pacific and Filipino tectonic plates.

One of the bridges Dutton Ridge.which was discovered in the 1980s, turned out to be incredibly high as a small mountain. At the highest point, the ridge reaches 2.5 km Above the "Abyss Challenger".

Like many aspects of the Mariana depression, the purpose of these bridges remains unclear. However, the fact that in one of the most mysterious and unknown places, they found these formations, is awesome.

8. Immersion James Cameron to Mariana Vpadina

Starting from opening the deepest places of the Mariana depression - "the abyss of the Challenger" In 1875, only three people visited here. The first were American lieutenant Don Walsh. and researcher Jacques Picar.who have committed a dive on January 23, 1960 on the trial ship.

After 52 years later, another person drank himself - famous film director James Cameron. So March 26, 2012 Cameron went down to the bottom And made some photos.

Mariana Wpadina is located in the western part of the Pacific Ocean, not far from the Mariana Islands, just two hundred kilometers, thanks to the neighborhood with which he received such a name. It is a huge maritime reserve in the status of the National Monument to the United States, therefore is under the protection of the state. Fishing and mining minerals It is forbidden here, but you can swim and admire beauty.

In the form of Mariana Vpadina reminds the grand sizes of the crescent - 2550 km long and 69 km width. The deepest point is 10994 m below sea level - referred to as the "Abyss Challenger".

Opening and first observations

Mariana Vpadina began to explore the British. In 1872, the Pacific Corvette "Challenger" was entered in the water of the Pacific Ocean with scientists and the most progressive equipment of those times. After measuring, set the maximum depth - 8367 m. The value, of course, differs markedly from the correct result. But that was enough to understand: the deepest point of the globe was detected. Thus was "challenge" another riddle of nature (translated from the English "Challenger" - "challenge"). Years passed, and in 1951 the British were held "work on errors". Namely: deep-water echo sounder fixed the maximum depth of 10863 meters.

Then the lathefaper wand was intercepted by Russian researchers who sent the research vessel "Vityaz" to the Mariana depression area. In 1957, with the help of special equipment, they not only were able to fix the depth of the depthorn, equal to 11022 m, but also established the presence of life on more than semiculometric depth. Thus, having committed a small coup in the scientific world of the middle of the 20th century, where there is no sustainable opinion that such deep living things there may not be. This is where the most interesting thing begins ... Many stories about underwater mounds, huge octopus, crumpled in the cake of huge legs of the beasts of unprecedented Batiskoph ... Where is true, and where is a lie - we will try to figure it out.

Secrets, riddles and legends

The first courses, drunk to immerse themselves on the "bottom of the Earth", were Lieutenant Navy USA Don Walsh and researcher Jacques Picar. They immersed at the Trieste Batiscife, which was built in the Italian city of the same name. A very heavy design with thick 13-centimeter walls was immersed at a bottom of five hours. Having reached the lowest point, the researchers stayed there for 12 minutes, after which the rise was immediately started, which took about 3 hours. Fish were found on the bottom - flat, similar to Cambalu, about 30 centimeters long.

Studies continued, and in 1995, the Japanese went down in the "abyss". Another "breakthrough" was made in 2009 with the help of the Nereus automatic underwater apparatus: this is a miracle of technology not only made several photos in the deepest point of the earth, but also took soil samples.

In 1996, the newspaper New York Times was published shocking material about immersion in the Mariana depression of equipment from the American scientific vessel "Glomar Challenger". A bowl apparatus for deep-sea travel team gently nicknamed "hedge". Some time after the start of the diving, the instruments recorded terrifying sounds, reminiscent of the metal grinding for metal. "Hedgehog" immediately raised on the surface, and they were terrified: a huge steel structure was crumpled, and the strongest and thick (20 cm with a diameter!) The cable - as if fed. The explanation was immediately many. Some said that these are "tricks" inhabiting natural object Monsters, others leanned towards the version of the presence of an alien mind, and the third believed that it was not without mutating octopuses! True, there were no evidence, and all the assumptions remained at the level of guesses and speculation ...

The same mysterious case occurred with the German research team, which decided to pull the Khajfish apparatus in the water. But for some reason he stopped moving, and the camera impartially issued an image of the shocking dimensions of the lizard on the monitors screens, which tried to spray the steel "thing". The team was not confused and the electrical discharge from the device "scared" an unknown beast. He sailed, and no longer appeared ... it remains to regret that for some reason, those who have such unique inhabitants of the Mariana depression came across, there was no equipment that would help to take pictures of them.

In the late 90s of the last century, at the time of the "opening" by the Americans, the monsters of Mariana Vpadin, began to "figure out" of this geographical object with legends. Fishermen (poachers) told about the glows from her depths running there and lights, various pop-ups from there unidentified flying objects. The teams of small ships reported that the courts in the area "towing with a huge speed" of a mound, which has an incredible force.

Confirmed evidence

Depth of Mariana Vpadina

Along with a multitude of legends associated with the Mariana depressor, there are also incredible facts confirmed by irrefutable evidence.

Found Giant Shark Tooth

In 1918, Australian lobster catchers told about a transparent white fish about 30 meters long, seen in the sea. According to the description, it is similar to the ancient shark of the type of Carcharodon Megalodon, who inhabited in the seas of 2 million years ago. Scientists from the surviving remains were able to recreate the appearance of shark - a monstrous creation of 25 meters long, weighing 100 tons and an impressive two-meter mouth with teeth of 10 cm each. You can imagine such "teeth"! And they were recently found by oceanologists at the bottom of the Pacific Ocean! The "young" from the detected artifacts ... "Total" 11 thousand years!

This find allows you to be sure that not all Meghalodonov extinct two million years ago. Perhaps, the water of the Mariana depression hide from the eyes of these incredible predators from the eyes? Studies continue, the depths still make in themselves a lot of undisclosed secrets.

Features of deepwater world

The water pressure at the lowest point of the Mariana depression is 108.6 MPa, that is, exceeds normal atmospheric pressure 1072 times. The vertebral animal is simply not survived in such monstrous conditions. But, oddly enough, mollusks stuck here. As their shells withstand such a tremendous water pressure - incomprehensible. Detected clams are an incredible example of "survival". They exist next to serpentine hydrothermal sources. Serpentine contains hydrogen and methane, which not only do not carry the threats to the "population" detected here, but also contribute to the formation of such, it would seem aggressive environment of living organisms. But hydrothermal sources are isolated and mortal for mollusks gas - hydrogen sulfide. But the "cunning" and thirsty of the life of the mollusks learned to recycle hydrogen sulfide in the protein, and continue what is called, or to live in the Mariana Wpadin.

Another incredible mystery of the deep-sea facility is the hydrothermal source "Champagne", named so in honor of the famous French (and not only) alcoholic beverage. It's all about bubbles that "burly" in the waters of the source. Of course, this is not the bubbles of your beloved champagne - it is liquid carbon dioxide. Thus, all over the world, the underwater source of liquid carbon dioxide is located in the Mariana Wpadin. Such sources are called "white smokers", their temperature is lower than the ambient temperature, and evaporation is always present around them, similar to the white smoke. Thanks to these sources, hypotheses were born about the emergence of all living on Earth in water. Low temperature, abundance of chemicals, colossal energy - all this created excellent conditions for ancient representatives of flora and fauna.

The temperature in the Mariana Wpadine is also very favorable - from 1 to 4 degrees Celsius. This was taken care of "black smokers." The antipod of the "white smokers" hydrothermal sources contain a large number of ore substances, and therefore they are dark. These sources are here at a depth of about 2 kilometers and mowed water, the temperature of which is about 450 degrees Celsius. Immediately recall the school course of physics, from which we know that water is boiling at 100 degrees Celsius. So what happens? Source spells boiling water? Fortunately, no. It's all the case in a colossal pressure of water - it is 155 times higher than on the surface of the Earth, therefore H 2 o does not boil, but it is pretty "heated" the water of the Mariana depressure. The water of these hydrothermal sources is incredibly saturated with various minerals, which also contributes to a comfortable habitat of living beings.

Incredible facts

How many more mysteries and incredible miracles pay in themselves incredible place? Lots of. At a depth of 414 meters, there is a volcano Daikoku, which served as one more proof that life was born here, in the deepest point of the globe. In the crater of the volcano, under water, the lake of the purest molten sulfur is located. In this "boiler" sulfur boils at a temperature of 187 degrees Celsius. The only known analogue of such a lake is on the satellite of Jupiter - Io. There is nothing more than anything like that. Only in space. It is no wonder that most of the hypotheses on the origin of life from the water are related to this mysterious deep-water object on the spacious ocean.

Remember the school course of biology a little. The simplest living creatures are Amoebs. Tiny, unicellular, it is possible to consider them only in a microscope. Reach, as written in textbooks, lengths in half a million. Giant toxic amids in 10 centimeters long have been found in the Mariana Wpadine. Can you imagine that? Ten centimeters! That is, this unicellular living creature can be perfectly examined by the naked eye. Is it not a miracle? As a result of scientific research, it was established that they purchased amids such gigantic for their class unicellular sizes, adapting to the "walled" of life at the bottom of the sea. Cold water Together with its colossal pressure and the lack of sun rays contributed to the "growth" of the Ameb, which are called xenophyophos. The incredible abilities of xenophyophoras are pretty surprised: they adapted to the effects of most devastating substances - uranium, mercury, lead. And live themselves in this environment, like mollusks. In general, the Mariana Wpadina is a miracle of miracles, where all the living and non-living, and the harmful chemical elements that are able to kill any organism are perfectly combined, not only harm living, but, on the contrary, promote survival.

The bottom of the bottom is studied quite in detail and does not represent much interest - it is covered by a layer of viscous mucus. There is no sand there, there are only the remnants of crushed shells and plankton, which lie there thousands of years, and because of the water pressure, it has long turned into a thick dirt of grayish yellow. And you violate the calm and measured life of the bottom of the sea only Batiskof researchers, descending here from time to time.

Residents of Mariana Vpadina

Studies continue

All the secret and unknown always manifa man. And with each revealed secret of new mysteries on our planet did not become less. All this fully applies to the Mariana Wpadin.

At the end of 2011, the researchers discovered in it unique natural formation of stone, in shape resembling bridges. Each of them extended from one end to another by as much as 69 km. Scientists did not doubt: it is here that tectonic plates are in touch - the Pacific and Filipino, and stone bridges (all four of them) were formed on their junction. True, the very first of the bridges - Dutton Ridge - was discovered in the late 80s of the last century. He was impressed then with his sizes and heights that were with a small mountain. In its highest point, located just over the "Abyss Challenger", this deep-water "ridge" reaches two and a half kilometers.

Why did Nature need to build such bridges, and even in such a mysterious and infant to the people place? The purpose of these objects is still unclear. In 2012, James Cameron, the creator of the legendary film "Titanic", made a immersion in the Mariana Vpadin. Unique equipment and powerful cameras installed on his Batiscife Deepsea Challenge made it possible to remove the majestic and deserted "bottom of the earth". It is not known how much time he observed local landscapes, no problem on the device. In order not to risk your life, the researcher was forced to rose to the surface.

Together with the National Geographic, a talented director created a documentary "Calling the abyss." In his stories about immersion, he called the bottom of the "border of life". Emptiness, silence, and - nothing, not the slightest movement or excitement of water. Neither sunlight, nor mollusks, nor algae, nor the more marine mandrels. But this is only at first glance. In the samples of the bottom of the bottom who took Cameron, more than twenty thousand different microorganisms were found. Great amount. How do they survive under such incredible water pressure? Until now, the mystery. Among the inhabitants of the depression also discovered the shrimp-like amphipod, which produces a unique chemical substance, which is tested by scientists as a vaccine from Alzheimer's disease.

During his stay in the deepest point, not only the world's ocean, but also the entire land, James Cameron did not meet any terrible monsters, nor representatives of extinct animal species nor the base of aliens, not to mention some incredible wonders. The feeling that he is completely alone here, plunged into a real shock. The ocean bottom seemed deserted and, as the director himself said, "lunar ... lonely". The feeling of complete isolation from all mankind was such that not to convey words. However, he still tried to do it in his documentary film. Well, and the fact that the Mariana Wpadina is silent and shocks with his desert, it is probably wondering. After all, she just holy stores the mystery of the origin of all living on earth ...

Not far from Japan, in the sea buffin, hid the deepest wpadin in the world Ocean - Marianic chute. This name is this geographical object Received with the same islands located nearby. Scientists call this phenomenon "the fourth pole", along with the southern, northern and most high point Planets - Mount Jewrest.

Geolocation

The coordinates of the Mariana depression - 11 ° 22. Northern latitude and 142 ° 35` Oriental longitude. The coastal islands of the chute surrounds more than 2.5 thousand km long, and in width - about 69 km. In their form, it resembles an English letter V, expanded from above and narrowed to the bottom. This formation was obtained as a result of the impact of the boundaries of tectonic plates. Maximum depth The World Ocean in this place is 10994 (plus or minus 40 m).

Fig. 1. Mariana Wpadina on the map

If you compare in the Everest, then the largest varnishes are from the surface of the earth further than the most high top. The mountain has a length of 8848 m, and it was much easier to climb it, than to overcome incredible pressure, plunging into the marine abyss.

Most deep place Mariana depressure - the CHALLENGER DEEP point, which from English means "the abyss of the challenger." For the first time was investigated by a British vessel with the name of the name. They recorded the depth 11521m.

First research

The deepest point of the World Ocean was conquered only in 1960 by two windows: Don Walche and Jacques Picar. They made a dive on the Batiskof "Trieste" and became the first people in the world, lowering at first to the depth of 3000 meters, and then 10,000 meters. The bottom mark was fixed 30 minutes after diving. In total, at the depth, they spent about 3 hours, and significantly frozen. After all, in addition to huge pressure, there is also a low water temperature - about 2 degrees Celsius.

Fig. 2. Mariana Vpadina in the context

In 2012, the famous director James Camemeron ("Titanic") conquered the deepest depression, becoming the third man on Earth, descended so far. It was the most important expedition, during which unique photo and video materials were obtained, and the bottom samples were taken. Contrary to the general opinion, there is no sand at the bottom, and the mucus is a product of recycling the remains of the bones of fish and plankton.

Flora and fauna

The underwater world of the greatest cracked is very weak. For the first time, it was possible to find that life in this part of the Earth is possible in 1950. Then the Soviet scientists suggested that some of the simplest creatures managed to adapt in the chitin pipes. The new family was called the pursuit.

What did we know?

We learned what part of the Earth is the deepest. This is Mariana Wpadina. The deepest point is "the abyss of the Chelenger" (11,521 m.). The first expedition to the bottom ended successfully in 1960. In the conditions of pitch darkness, pressure and constant poisonous evaporation, a special world has been formed here with its unique animals and the simplest organisms. What is really the world of Mariana depressure, say very hard, because it has been studied by only 5%.

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The height is capable of circling his head and force the heart to fight frantically. However, much greater sensations can be obtained, if you go down to the bottom of the ocean. Especially if you do it for a distance exceeding many kilometers. It is difficult to imagine how far down the deepest wpadin on Earth is down. And no doubt is the Mariana Wpadin, which is still referred to as the Mariana chute for the external similarity with a gutter having a kind of crescent.

The location and size of the Marianian depression

This gutter is located near the Mariana Islands, in the western Pacific. This deepest wpadin on Earth was formed as a result of the fact that two tectonic plates agreed. The deep-water chute has a length of approximately 2550 km, and the width is 69 km. In the depth of the wpadin, at least 11,000 m - the exact figures researchers cannot establish, which is associated with a large temperature difference in different layers, huge pressure and impenetrable darkness in the cavity.

Samoa deep point Mariana gutter is considered to be Chellenger, called the name of the eponymous research vessel, which was immersed on the bottom. You can even compare the height of the highest Mount Everest with the depth of the depression - Everest stretches at almost 8900 km, and this means that the mountain can completely go under the water in this gutter, and on top there will be no less than two kilometers of water.

Research by man

For the first time, Mariana Wpadina was studied by a person in 1960. It was during this period that a submarine technique was created, which would be able to lower the researchers to the greatest depth to obtain the necessary information. Such technique was Batiscip called Trieste, with the help of which a oceanologist from Switzerland Jacques Picar and a serviceman Don Walsh were lowered onto the bottom.

The surprise of researchers did not have a limit, because at a depth of 10911 meters, which was then fixed, they discovered signs of life. She seemed to be a little strange scientist, but still she is. The chute is so deep that the rays of the sun do not penetrate there, and therefore many inhabitants of the cavities, which are flat fish and some other organisms, do not have an eye.

The following immersion took place in 1995 - Japanese researchers were lowered at the bottom of the Mariinsky depression. And in 2009, the special apparatus of Neri was descended to the bottom, which made some pictures and assembled soil samples for research.

But the lowest point of the deepest depression on Earth reached the director James Cameron, who made such a deep-water journey in 2012. He thoroughly prepared for the expedition, hoping to collect excellent material. He sank to the bottom at Batiskfe and gathered so much information that he subsequently managed to make a film about the deepest depression on Earth. With the last measurement of the depth of the Mariana gutter, the result was obtained in 11035 meters. However, no matter how scientists did not explore the Mariana chute, there are still a lot of questions and various mysteries that really want to solve.

The deeper you go down the water, the colder it turns out. But from the surface of the underwater abyss, about 1600 meters away, the water temperature is heated up to 450 degrees, which is explained by the presence of hydrothermal sources here. This hot water has many minerals capable of maintaining life at such a depth. However, water boiling, despite its so high temperature, does not occur (as it should be), and the cause of this is a high pressure of water, the value of which exceeds the level of water pressure on the surface by 155 times.

No less awesome fact was the detection by researchers of incredible dimensions of AmeB (called them xenophyophos) with a unique gift - they survive under the influence of many toxic substances and heavy metals. These unicellular creatures, for sure, have acquired their sizes due to the habitat, but how they manage to not feel the effect of harmful substances that can kill any living being on Earth, completely incomprehensible.

Near the hydrothermal sources in the deepest depression on Earth, scientists found mollusks, which should not be here. How they manage to live at the highest pressure, too, is also incomprehensible. In addition, the sources located here are produced in the environment of hydrogen sulfide, which is mortally toxic for mollusks. But it is also calmly worried (converting sulfur compounds into safe protein) and further lead their lives in deep layers of the Pacific Ocean.

The bottom of the depression is covered with a layer of dirt slug. That is, there is no sand, which often happens at the bottom of the reservoirs, and paved with the bottom crushed sinks and the remains of the sunken plankton. Since water affects all this with a huge pressure, then all the remnants simply turn into a slug dirt of unpleasant color.

Scientists managed to even detect liquid carbon dioxide at the depth of the depthorn - in deep water strata, this is considered to be a big rarity. But it is possible due to thermal sources that bear the name of "white smokers", life can appear at the depths of the gutter.

Another amazing discovery was the discovery in 2011 in the Mariana chute four stone bridges, the length of each of which is 69 km.

Most likely, their formation occurred at the junction of tectonic plates - Filipino and Pacific. One of the detected bridges, which was found first, is very high - its highest mark reaches 2500 m. Scientists are still fighting to accurately establish the cause of bridge data, but it still remains a mystery as much in the history of the appearance of the Mariana depression .

In those places, the rays of sunshine will never imbued, to get there, researchers, risking life, make a lot of strength and effort, live there mysterious creaturesThey rather like the alien aliens than on the ocean residents - all these are deep-water depressions (gutters) of the World Ocean.

Geographical object (value)

Oceanic chute - deep cracks At the bottom of the ocean, the length of which reaches at least five thousand meters. They play not the last role in the formation of climatic conditions and climate as a whole.

The wipadines of the World Ocean act as the main absorbers of the most common carbon gas - CO2, which is the main component in the biochemical processes of the globe. The depressions are calamizers of an organic matter, which intensive pace is processed by bacteria. In the depadies, much more bacterial organisms are concentrated than on ocean plains (up to 6000 meters), which previously considered the main utilizers of organic matter. In addition, such peculiar cappos can affect the direction that is opposite to the opposite global warming, which contributes to the support of the environmental system of the planet in a balanced state.

Characteristics of marine and ocean varnishes

The oceanic cracks and faults include both the depressions of the outskirts that develop under the ocean conditions. Sea depressions are deep faults that are at the bottom of the seas, complete darkness and high pressure reign there. The most famous are sea depressions that stretched along eastern coast Eurasia.

Oceanic deposits are the most common elements of the relief of the intermediate sector between the ocean and the continental part of the mainland. These long narrow decreases of the oceanium are placed from the outside of the oceanic ridges of continental arcs.

Deep Wipads World Ocean

The deepest faults are concentrated in the Pacific region and reach up to 11 km. The deepest place on Earth is the Mariana Wpadina with a fixed depth of 11022 meters. The length of the chute is 1500 km, the slopes are cool, and the bottom is flat (width from 1 to 5 km).

IN Indian Ocean The very deep is the Yavanskaya flow of a depth of 7,730 meters, more than 4,000 kilometers long, from 10 to 50 km width. It is located near Bali Island. The bottom of the depression is cut by protrusions and underwater canyons, there is existing volcanoes, earthquakes occur.

The longest in the world is the Peruvian-Chilean Gutter, its depth reaches 6000 km. This catch is the widest fault of the World Ocean and is recognized as one of the 7 wonders of the world (width of more than 90 km).

From Alaska and to Kamchatka stretches the Aleutian gutter with a depth of 7,700 m. Padda was formed during the collision of the two plates of Pacific and North American.

Mariana Wpadina Interesting Facts

(Jomolungma Mountain Contour (Everest) on the Marinskaya Wpads Scheme)

If Sayah high mountain The world of Jomolungma (Everest) was in the Mariana groove, it would be covered with more water for 2 km.

At a depth of about one and a half kilometers from the bottom of the Pacific Ocean there are thermal sources, so water warms up to 450 C.

Recently, gigantic amids (up to 10 cm) have been discovered at the bottom of the Mariana depression (up to 10 cm), which have such dimensions due to the environment in which they live.