The problem of illegal migration in modern society

Migration of peoples is a phenomenon rooted in the distant past; but most of the reasons that forced people to change their place of residence are relevant to this day. Life in modern society obliges us to know and abide by the laws that govern this process. Illegal migration in modern realities has acquired the scale of a major problem affecting the interests of most of the world powers. How the countries involved in the process cope with this is important not only for their residents, but also for the migrants themselves.

What is illegal migration

Each state has a special set of laws that help regulate the process of crossing the border by foreigners and their stay on its territory. There are several ways to enter another country:

• on the basis of an internal civil passport;
• in the presence of an exit;
• only after receiving a visa stamp through the consulate of the country of visit;
• received;
• requesting

If people plan to settle in a foreign country for a long time or even forever, they must have a special visa permit when crossing the border. According to this principle, all persons arriving in a particular state can be divided into two groups:

• migrants who have arrived in the country legally;
• those who crossed the border illegally, that is, bypassing migration legislation.

Who is usually called illegal

Before proceeding with a detailed analysis of who the illegal immigrants are, it should be noted that they can also be divided into two categories: voluntary and forced.

The former consciously make a decision where exactly they want to move. As a rule, they have time to think, and the actions that follow are nothing more than a well-thought-out crime.

Forced illegal migrants most often flee from any threatening circumstances, sometimes without even having time to pack up their things or think about what formalities must be observed in order to find themselves on a foreign territory.

Thus, illegal migrants are:

• foreign persons who are on the territory of another state without documents that could prove their identity, or with false documents;
• persons who crossed the border without a legal basis, or those who provided fake data;
• foreigners staying in another country on the basis of an expired visa. This also includes students who did not leave after graduation, as well as employees who have completed their employment contract;
• children who are born in a foreign territory. Although here you need to take into account the legislation of the state. For example, in Russia, a baby born on its territory can be recognized as a Russian if he is denied the citizenship of the country to which his parents belong, or one of them already has a Russian passport. In what other countries read similar orders.

It would be a big mistake, however, to believe that all the listed persons cannot count on help and support from the state in which they are staying, since they do not have documents.

Every citizen is a bearer of human rights, no matter what status they have in a foreign country.

The rights of illegal migrants are spelled out in the European Social Charter. It states that everyone has the right to a minimum of housing and shelter in an emergency. This prescription also applies to those who are on the territory of the state without any legal basis.

In addition, migrants can count on:

• emergency medical assistance;
• housing (initially refugees live in);
• nutrition;
• urgent care;
• the necessary set of clothes.

The Convention for the Protection of Human Rights, signed in 1950, states that regardless of whether a citizen is in a particular country legally or not, he must be protected from labor exploitation and human trafficking. Another document, the UN Convention on the Rights of Children, requires that every minor should have access to education, even if his parents had the negligence to illegally migrate to a foreign country.

What makes migrants become illegal

To decide on an illegal stay in a foreign territory, very good reasons are needed. And most often they are. Cases when people try to move to another country illegally, simply not wanting to bother with paperwork or visa renewal, can be considered isolated.

In most situations, illegal immigrants have good reasons to move illegally. Let's conditionally divide them into three groups:

• economic benefit implies the fact that in a large number of developed countries there is a high demand for cheap labor, mostly unskilled. For representatives of some countries in Africa and Asia, this is better than working for a pittance in their homeland. Read more about labor migration.
• safety - many migrants - - fleeing wars, natural disasters, religious persecution. In this case, violation of the law for them is less of a disaster than one that can befall in their homeland;
• personal reasons - most often they have those who flee the prosecution of the law for a crime and those who seek political asylum.

Flaws in the laws and corruption of migration officials contribute to the appearance of illegal immigrants.

What problems does illegal migration entail?

Like any other violation of the law, illegal migration has negative consequences for all parties. Illegals in Europe, the USA and other prosperous countries of the world first of all face problems with the police, the migration service, and bring some inconvenience to local residents. At the same time, they have to solve many issues: housing, work, buying essential goods. Sometimes all this is accompanied by a risk to life or health.

Employers also do not hesitate to violate the law, and at the same time the rights of illegal immigrants, taking them to enterprises with harmful and dangerous working conditions. As a result, newcomers find themselves in a difficult situation with no access to medical care and no social support.

Thus, states that are popular with illegal immigrants run the risk of facing the following phenomena:

• an increase in the number of jobs in hazardous conditions. For example, in Russia this indicator has increased from 18 to 32% over the past decade;
• overpopulation of some regions. On the outskirts of megalopolises in all developed countries of the world there are apartments where 10 people live, or even more;
• growing discontent among the indigenous population;
• increased likelihood of epidemics.

The opinion has become widespread that illegal migrants are mostly criminals. And if we cannot say this about all immigrants without exception, then it is difficult to deny that crime in a city overpopulated with foreigners is constantly increasing. The very fact of illegal stay in the country is already an offense.

The most common illegal actions among illegal aliens are:

• production of fictitious documents;
• corrupt practices;
• counterfeiting money;
• theft;
• robbery;
• harassment.

This behavior does not contribute to the tolerance of local residents towards all foreigners, regardless of their status in their country.

Penalties for illegal migrants

The last five-year plan was marked not just by an increase in the flow of migrants to the countries of Europe, the USA, Canada and other regions of the planet, which are distinguished by a more or less stable economy and prosperity, but by a real migration crisis, which almost led to the collapse and significantly affected the political relations of many countries.

Those who plan to settle in a foreign land bypassing migration norms, it does not matter if he is a representative of Syria, Afghanistan or one of the CIS republics, it should be remembered that the authorities of the world powers are pursuing an active policy to combat illegal border crossing. Not only those who come bypassing its rules will have to be held accountable before the law, but also those who provided assistance in this, sheltered a migrant in their living space or hired them: these persons face a fairly large fine for illegal immigrants.

Deportation of foreigners

The first thing that a violator of the migration legislation can comprehend is deportation. It involves the expulsion of a foreign person. In the Russian Federation, the responsibility for this procedure is assigned to the Main Directorate of Internal Affairs of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation (formerly the FMS).

In addition to the fact that the detainee will be expelled from the country, the laws of which he violated, he will still be prohibited from entering it for a certain period of time. Getting into the “black” list is especially undesirable for those who intend to visit this state in the future. Learn about.

The procedure for deporting illegal immigrants without documents in each country looks different. Most often, the offender is escorted until boarding a flight to his country of citizenship or where he came from. Read more about deportation.

Where do illegal immigrants most often go?

Most of the people who are fleeing today from dangerous life situations have citizenship of Syria, Afghanistan, and some African countries. And the most desirable coast for them in the current conditions is Europe. The migration crisis was felt by the regions located on other continents, but it was the European countries that took the biggest blow.

To get here, illegal immigrants are ready to do anything, even sacrifice their lives, embarking on a dangerous journey on open boats across the sea. In the period 2014-2015, which became the peak in the situation with migrants, news reports were daily full of reports of illegal immigrants who died at sea who tried to swim to the European part of the continent.

The starting point for those who got there alive were Greece, Macedonia, Turkey. The most courageous went further - France, Germany, Sweden, Italy. About

Thanks to the agreements reached between the European Union and Turkey, the first received an outflow of migrants to Turkish territory, and the second - the promise of integration into the EU, which has not yet been fulfilled.

To understand in more detail how illegal immigrants are distributed today among the European powers, the article "" will help you.

Summing up

Moving to another country bypassing immigration rules is a serious offense that entails deportation and an entry ban. But even this cannot stop people who are fleeing their country due to insurmountable circumstances: war, raging elements, religious or other persecution.

Illegal migrants can be both voluntary and forced, but none of them is deprived of human rights: they can count on the provision of minimum social protection, shelter, food, clothing, medical assistance.

Illegal migration - who is to blame and what to do: Video