Berlin - the capital of Germany: attractions and memorable places. Topic Berlin (Berlin - theme, text, story) What is the name of the most famous place in Berlin

10.04.2021

Berlin is the most populated city in modern Germany, which in our time is its capital. The number of people living in the capital is 4 million.

There are several versions of the appearance of the name of this city. One part of scientists believes that it comes from the word “bar”, which is translated from German language means "bear", this explains the image of the bear on the coat of arms. The second half of scientists put forward the version that it came from “berl”, which translates as “swamp”.

Berlin is considered the most comfortable city in terms of climatic conditions. The weather in Berlin is favorable: summers are not too hot, and winters are not very cold. In summer it rains quite often in Berlin, which means that the sky over Berlin is more often gloomy than clear.

Places worth visiting in the German capital

Reichstag. One of the favorite places of many tourists. It has stood in the central part of the capital for more than 100 years and reminds of the fascist regime, of terrible and difficult times for all humanity. Historical architectural structure– one of the main attractions of Germany.
Berlin Cathedral. This is the largest church in all of Germany; it was built at the end of the 19th century and reconstructed after the end of World War II.
Charlottenburg Palace. The most exquisite architectural structure in Germany. Built during the reign of Frederick I.
Berlin Wall. With a length of more than 150 km, during the GDR times it was the border between western and eastern Berlin.
Museum Island. There are a large number of museums in Berlin located here. Bode Museum, Persam Museum, Old Museum, National Gallery and many others.
TV tower. A building in the center of Berlin, whose height exceeds 350 meters. One of the four tallest TV towers in Europe.
Berlin Zoo. This is a huge zoo with the largest number of mammal species in the world. One of the main attractions of Berlin.
Dungeons of Berlin. There are a lot of dungeons here. You can see bunkers from the Great Patriotic War, walk through the tunnels of the Berlin metro and much more.
Alexanderplatz. One of the most beautiful squares in the city.
Aquarium. The largest cylindrical aquarium in the whole world, filled with sea water and a wide variety of ocean inhabitants.
One of the largest shopping centers in the whole world. For shopping lovers it is simply a paradise.
Boulevard Unter den Linden. Life here is in full swing around the clock.
Potsdamer Platz. The busiest place within the city, the heart of the capital of Germany.
Brandenburg Gate. One of the most famous sights of Berlin, the personification of the classicism of a united Germany.
House of World Cultures. Center for Contemporary Art.
Museum of Computer Games. The modern museum, which was built in 2011, will be interesting to visit for fans of computer games.
Botanical Garden. It occupies a leading place among all countries in Europe in the number of plant varieties.
Berlin City Hall. A unique architectural structure made in the Renaissance style.
Tiergarten park. It is one of the largest parks in the whole world, its area is 200 hectares.
Triumphal Column. Symbol of the power of the German nation.
Village of Duppel. Museum under open air. This is a small area consisting of houses and other structures that have been restored by archaeologists.
Technical Museum. Here you can look at the achievements of science. The largest museum in Germany.
Bellevue Palace. Residence of the German President. The personification of German rigor and accuracy.
Art Gallery. One of the most famous museums in Europe.
Historical Museum. Tells about the entire history of the German state from its founding to the present day.
Ancient library. A place that art lovers will appreciate.
Berlin Opera. Located in one of the oldest buildings in the city, it is also the largest musical theater in the country.
Royal Porcelain Factory. Here you can buy the most original memorable gift.
Tegel Palace. Quiet quiet place, without fuss - for those who like a calm, measured holiday.
Gay Museum. The only museum in the world dedicated to this topic.
Stasi prison museum. The spectacle is not for the impressionable and faint of heart; excursions are conducted by former prisoners.
Treptower Park. Memorial complex to the fallen Soviet soldiers in the Great Patriotic War.

Features of an exciting trip

In order to go on vacation from Moscow to Berlin, you first need to decide which trip will be more comfortable: by air or by land.

Flights to Berlin from Moscow depart quite often from different airports. It is better to plan your air travel in advance, because seats are booked in advance, the price of a Moscow-Berlin air ticket will be significantly lower the closer to the departure date; with some airlines you can purchase a ticket even six months before the planned departure date. Planes depart daily from Moscow to Berlin; the average flight time is 2 hours and 50 minutes. If the trip is made by plane, then you must arrive at the airport in advance, 3 hours before the flight, to check in.

You can also travel by train. Moscow-Berlin trains depart daily at about 21.00 from the Belorussky railway station; the route takes 24 hours - 24 hours.

Time difference between Russia and Germany

Every year, the transition between summer and winter time continues in Berlin, as well as throughout Germany. The time difference with Moscow in winter is minus 2 hours, and in summer – minus 1 hour.

Weather in Berlin

The climate here is temperate, but in summer Berlin is warmer than in other regions of Germany, and in winter, on the contrary, it is colder. Peak tourist season falls on the period from May to September, although you can visit the city all year round. There are several lakes in Berlin with equipped swimming areas. Beach season opens from the beginning of July and closes at the end of August.

In spring there is high humidity in Berlin; it starts to warm up from the end of April, but in the evenings the cold makes itself felt. In summer there are quite a lot of sunny days, but sudden changes in weather are possible with strong wind and rain. Autumn in Berlin comes in October, when the nights become cold, there are increasingly frequent showers and thick fogs. In winter you can experience stable cold. December is the rainiest and wettest month in this city; snow falls in January; heavy snowfalls are very rare here.

When planning a trip to the capital of Germany, be sure to check the weather in Berlin for 14 days in advance so as not to fall into the rainy season, which can fall there for several days in a row, and sometimes for several weeks in a row.

Berlin is a city with an unusually controversial and dramatic history. Over the centuries, he was shocked by events of varying historical significance, from the most insignificant to the epoch-making. Each century has left behind sights that Berlin can rightfully be proud of!

Reichstag - Having arrived at the main station in Berlin, the first place you should go is, of course, the Reichstag building - the most visited place among tourists! The construction of the Reichstag lasted several decades, and ultimately ended with the appearance of a colossal building with powerful columns, in the style of the new Renaissance. The Reichstag witnessed fires, the destruction of World War II, post-war reconstruction, and, finally, the unification of the two German states.
Those wishing to visit the Reichstag should take care of this in advance by registering on the official website https://visite.bundestag.de/BAPWeb/pages/createBookingRequest.jsf?lang=en

Address: Platz der Republik 1, 11011 Berlin

Brandenburg Gate (Brandenburger Tor) - another calling card of Berlin. The gate was built by order of the German king Frederick William II in 1791. The front gate was taken as a model Acropolis of Athens. The bronze figure of the ancient Greek goddess Irene, depicted in an ancient chariot, is a symbol of peace. The gate was destroyed during the war, and also divided Berlin, Germany into two parts. Now this is the most visited place not only among tourists, but also among residents of the capital: various events are held here - from the celebration of Sylvester (New Year) to the general viewing of a football match of the German national team.

Address: Pariser Platz, 10117 Berlin

Berlin Cathedral(Berliner Dom)- located on the so-called museum island. The luxurious, impressive appearance of the cathedral will definitely not leave anyone indifferent - a wide staircase, huge columns. The interior decoration consists of magnificent paintings depicting biblical scenes, mosaics, and bright stained glass windows. Climbing up to the observation deck of the cathedral dome, you can enjoy a beautiful view of the city. It also houses the famous organ of the famous master Sauer, as well as the tomb of the Hohenzollern dynasty. Entrance to the cathedral is only 5 euros!

Address: Am Lustgarten, 10178 Berlin

Alexanderplatz- or as the residents themselves call him - Alex. This is a huge area, which today is known for the abundance of trading platforms of various spectrums. However, this place in Berlin is very significant in its history. It is worth noting that the square was named in honor of the Russian Emperor Alexander the First - this was the place various entertainments, trade. Today there is a railway station of the same name, a metro, the city hall - the Red Town Hall, the Neptune Fountain, and, of course, the TV tower (368 m), which is included in the list of the tallest buildings in the world.

Berlin Wall (East Side Gallery)- a symbol of separation of one people in difficult times. This wall became an insurmountable barrier between close people who, contrary to government policies, tried to meet and unite. This wall did not easily divide the city, the country - it divided the world into two camps, communist and capitalist. The wall, as planned, was supposed to become an obstacle for those who wanted to escape from the eastern part to the western sector for the “good life”. To date, numerous victims are known - defectors. Today the wall is a graffiti art gallery painted by talented street artists.

Address: Mühlenstraße, 10243 Berlin

Memorial Church of Kaiser Wilhelm (Kaiser-Wilhelm-Gedächtnis-Kirche)- “empty tooth” or “powder compact and lipstick” - and these are just two of the most popular names for this building among residents. However, this church carries a very serious, philosophical meaning. The church was originally built in honor of the first German Kaiser Wilhelm. Its central part was crowned by a tower 113 m high. At that time it was the tallest church in Berlin. But the war made its own adjustments: in November 1943, the Allied air forces almost completely destroyed the building; only the western tower remained, which also lost its upper part. After the war, at the request of the Berliners, they decided not to demolish the church, but not to completely restore it either. The destroyed church became a kind of warning monument about what war is and what irreparable consequences it carries. The surviving sculptural image of Christ, various restored mosaics, and liturgical objects are kept here. Here you can also see an Orthodox cross donated to the temple by the Russian Orthodox Church in memory of the victims of National Socialism. On Sundays there are organ concerts that you can attend.

Address: Breitscheidplatz, 10789 Berlin

Gendarme Square (Gendarmenmarkt)- one of the most beautiful squares in the capital of Germany. In the center is the Concert Hall, and on the edges on both sides are the German and French cathedrals. The square received its name due to the placement of guard posts and stables of the cuirassier regiment of "gendarmes" (gens d'arms) from 1736 to 1782. The French cathedral was built with the purpose of "shelter" for Protestant Huguenots who fled from France to Berlin. In 1786 year, during the reconstruction, it was supplemented with an impressive domed tower. A little later, the German Cathedral, designed by the architect Martin Grünberg, appeared nearby. All three complexes of the square were seriously damaged during the war. Restoration work was completed only in the 80-90s.

Botanical Garden (Botanischer Garten)- The garden is considered one of the oldest in all of Europe. It is worth visiting at any time of the year! The history of the garden begins in 1679; it was a garden with apothecary gardens. Today it is a huge area with stunning landscape design. Here you can see 22 thousand representatives of flora - from ordinary flowers to food crops. The garden is divided into 15 halls, which represent different climatic zones. The territory also has a lake, walking paths, and benches. This place will appeal not only to lovers of botany and gardening, but also to ordinary tourists!

Address: Königin-Luise-Straße 6-8, 14195 Berlin

Victory Column (Siegessäule)- or "Golden Elsa" as Berliners call her. From the name you can already guess that this building is dedicated to Germany’s victories in military campaigns - in particular, battles in the Danish, Austro-Prussian and Franco-Prussian wars. At the top there is a sculpture of the goddess of victory Victoria. She received her current “registration” in the Tiergarten area in 1939. During World War II, the column was not damaged, but after the signing of Germany's surrender, the French suggested that the Allies demolish it. Fortunately, the idea did not find support. During the Cold War, Elsa was part of the Western sector. Today this object is under state protection. Every day, tourists climb to the observation deck, which is reached by 285 steps, to enjoy stunning views of the Tiergarten surroundings.

Address: Großer Stern, 10557 Berlin

Treptower Park- this place should be visited by everyone who honors the memory of those who fell in the name of peace on Earth. It is on this green territory that the monument to Soviet soldiers-liberators, which was opened in 1949, is located. It should be noted that this is the largest monument outside the USSR dedicated to the victory. 22 thousand Soviet soldiers gave their lives for the storming of Berlin, so the issue of creating a memorial was approached with particular care. As a result, today the memorial complex includes a sculpture of a grieving mother, an alley of birch trees, a symbolic gate, an alley of sarcophagi where 7 thousand soldiers are buried, and the main sculpture - a warrior-liberator with a little girl in his arms. The memorial complex is under the authority of the city authorities, who are obliged to maintain order in the park and not change anything in it. This agreement is of unlimited duration. There is a rose garden and a small fountain in the park.

Address: Alt-Treptow, 12435 Berlin

Olympic Stadium (Olympiastadion)- this sports complex was built before the First World War, when Germany received the right to host the Summer Olympic Games. In 1936, the stadium increased its area several times and was ready to host the next Olympics. Subsequently, the stadium was reconstructed several times. Today, football fans come here for home games of Hertha-Berlin and the German national team. The stadium amazes with its architecture, reminiscent of ancient stadiums. The stadium should be visited to admire the German construction talent again and again!

Schedule of events on the website http://olympiastadion.berlin/de/start/

Address: Olympischer Platz 3, 14053 Berlin

In the northern part of the square, there is the Kollhoff-Tower, named after the architect Hans Kollhoff. On the 24th-25th floors you can also enjoy beautiful panoramic views. The fastest elevator in Europe will take you there! You can check prices and purchase tickets on the website http://www.panoramapunkt.de/de/preise-und-ticketreservierung.html

Spandau(Spandau) - this area is located on the outskirts of Berlin. First of all, tourists are interested in two objects here - the citadel and the prison. However, many do not realize that only the citadel has survived, and the prison was completely destroyed in 1982. The history of the citadel dates back to the 8th century - it was a wooden fortress that defended the Slavic tribe of the Hells. During the First World War, weapons were collected here and ammunition was prepared. The Nazis turned this building into a kind of laboratory for the production of poisons and gases for intelligence needs. After the war, a prison was located three kilometers from the citadel. It was there that those who were not sentenced to death by the Nuremberg trials were sitting - Speer, Hess, von Schirach. After the death of the last prisoner, it was decided to destroy the prison. Today there is a square, a Spandau history museum with interesting exhibitions, a children's theater, a medieval tower and a cafe. Opening hours and tourist information at http://www.zitadelle-berlin.de

Bellevue Palace - on this moment is the residence of the President of Germany. The foundation was laid back in 1784; The palace, over the years, was the residence of many noble persons. Since the beginning of the 20th century, exhibitions dedicated to art have constantly been held here. The palace was constantly expanding - new parts of the building were intended for senior government officials. Like many buildings in Berlin, Bellevue also suffered the destruction of the war - the south wing was completely destroyed; all that remained of the palace external walls. Since the mid-50s, the palace began to be used as a living space with private apartments. Only in 1986 it was decided to return Bellevue to its historical appearance. After the reunification of Germany, in 1994 the palace officially became the residence of the German President. Unfortunately, the palace is closed to the public, but you can take a beautiful panoramic photo from the outside!

Address: Spreeweg 1, 10557 Berlin

Holocaust Memorial(Denkmal für die ermordeten Juden Europas) - a place with a special psychological and philosophical meaning. 2700 Concrete slabs, reminiscent of terrible events in human history. For the Germans, this monument is a kind of rethinking of their history, and for the relatives and friends of the victims, the memory of their loved ones, which froze in these concrete slabs of different sizes. Psychologist Colleen Ellard describes the peculiarity of the impact of the complex’s architecture on the visitor:
“The feeling of being lost among gray slabs, behind which the outside world is not visible, forced separation from a loved one and the feeling of insecurity that arose at the intersection of through corridors raised waves of fear, anxiety, melancholy and loneliness in the soul. The psychological effect is achieved through a physical impact on the visitor. You must become part of the installation, walk through it, get lost in it - only then does someone else’s horror and someone else’s grief become palpable and overwhelming.”
The architect of the complex, Peter Eisenman, managed to create such a simple, but at the same time complex structure, which is filled with terrible human grief.

Official website of the memorial https://www.holocaust-denkmal-berlin.de/

Address: Cora-Berliner-Straße 1, 10117 Berlin

Berlin Zoo(Zoologischer Garten Berlin) - one of the largest zoos in Germany. Here you will find more than 18 thousand species of animals of different species - it is rare where you can find such diversity! The zoo was opened in 1844, in the heart of Berlin. Over the decades, the zoo has expanded - new pavilions and enclosures with rare species animals. During the war period, more than 80% of the total animals died. With the arrival of the new director H.-G. Klyos in 1956 there was a new leap in the development of the complex - great attention was paid to rare and endangered species. After the reunification of Germany, two zoo foundations merged - East and West Berlin. Today it is not just a unique collection of all types of animals, but also a magnificent architectural structure that is worthy of your attention! In the summer of 2017, the zoo received new residents; two pandas arrived from China, for which an impressive bamboo garden was built. Information about ticket prices and opening hours on the official website of the zoo https://www.zoo-berlin.de/en

Address: Hardenbergplatz 8, 10787 Berlin

Neue Wahe(Neue Wache) is one of the main memorials to the victims of war and tyranny. Initially, the building was intended as a guardhouse for the royal guard, as well as a memorial complex to the victims of the Napoleonic Wars. In 1930, a decision was made to reconstruct the monument in memory of those killed in the First World War. Second World War destroyed the structure almost to its very foundation. In the post-war period, the monument was rebuilt into a memorial to the victims of fascism and militarism - during the GDR times it was guarded by a guard of honor around the clock. In 1993, a sculpture by Käthe Kollwitz, “Pieta” or “Mother with her Dead Son,” was installed inside. There is a hole on the roof of the memorial through which snow and rain fall on the sculpture, symbolizing the hardships and suffering that befell the German people.

Address: Unter den Linden 4, 10117 Berlin

New synagogue(Neue Synagoge) - this magnificent complex on Oranienburger Strasse is also worth seeing! The building was designed by Eduard Knoblauch in the Oriental Byzantine style. In September 1866, the doors of the synagogue opened to the first parishioners: interior decoration amazes with its richness and colors. It should be noted that the then Prime Minister, Otto von Bismarck, was personally present at the opening. With the Nazis coming to power, the synagogue was closed in 1940 and converted into a warehouse. During the bombing, the building survived, but was significantly damaged. In 1958, a decision was made to demolish it, but after the unification of Germany, the synagogue was restored.

Address: Oranienburger Str. 28-30, 10117 Berlin

Text: Gulnaz Badaeva

Berlin has many statuses: this and The largest city Germany, and its capital, and the second largest city in Europe, and at the same time - a separate federal land.

We can talk endlessly about Berlin. That's just brief information about it interesting city: Located in eastern Germany and surrounded by the federal state of Brandenburg, Berlin is a crossroads between west and east between Paris and Moscow and north and south between Stockholm and Budapest.

Among other cities in Germany, the word “most” often appears in the description of Berlin: the longest (you can drive in a straight line for about 50 km and still not leave the city limits), the most densely populated (over 3.9 million inhabitants). And, perhaps, Berlin is one of the most popular tourist centers Europe, because there are countless attractions here, it is impossible to get around them all even during a week’s stay in the city.

What to see?

The Brandenburg Gate is main symbol city, symbol of German unity. The gate is considered the greatest and most beautiful creation of German classicism, created in 1788-1791. The chariot with four horses, installed on the gate in 1793, was taken by Napoleon to Paris in 1806, but 8 years later it was returned to its original place. Nowadays, not a single tourist leaves Berlin without a photo of the Brandenburg Gate.

Address: Pariser Platz 5

Next to the Brandenburg Gate is the Reichstag, the seat of the Bundestag and one of the most visited attractions in Berlin. First of all, tourists are attracted by the glass dome of the building. To visit the dome, prior free registration is required on the official website of the Bundestag. The confirmation received by email must be printed and presented at the entrance to the Reichstag along with your passport.

Opening hours: daily, 8:00 – 0:00. The dome is closed for cleaning 4 times a year; its operating schedule must be further clarified on the Bundestag website
Entry fee: free
Address: Scheidemannstrasse 2

The gallery represents the remains of the Berlin Wall, which once separated the Western and East Germany. After the fall of the wall in 1989, artists from all over the world flocked to Berlin to leave their mark on history and express their joy and newfound hope on the now symbolic wall. Stretching 1.3 km along the Spree River, the wall with original drawings from abstraction to pressing political themes is the longest open-air gallery.

Address: Mühlenstrasse 4

Another symbol of Berlin is the Victory Column with a golden sculpture of the winged goddess of victory Victoria.. Once you climb 285 steps, you will find yourself on the observation deck of the Column, which offers a breathtaking view of the most big park city - Tiergarten, as well as the neighboring Bellevue Palace.

Opening hours: April to October: Mon-Fri 9:30 – 18:30, Sat-Sun 9:30 – 19:00; from November to March: Mon-Sun 9:30 – 17:30
Entrance fee: €3 for adults, €2.5 for children
Address: Grosser Stern 1

The goal of all tourists is not the TV tower itself, but the view that opens at an altitude of 203 m. IN good weather you can see the outskirts of Berlin 80 km from the TV tower. On the floor above there is a cozy restaurant, the platform of which makes a full revolution around its axis in an hour, allowing visitors to enjoy not only a delicious lunch, but also a bird's-eye view of the whole of Berlin.

Opening hours: from March to October - daily, 9:00 - 0:00; from November to February – daily, 10:00 – 0:00
Entrance fee: from €15.5 for adults, from €9.5 for children 4-14 years old, free for children under 4 years old
Address: Panoramastrasse 1A

This is one of the busiest squares in Berlin, popularly called Alex. It is the central square of the city and the connecting transport hub of the Berlin-Mitte region. On the square there is a clock with standard time and the Fountain of Friendship of Peoples.

Address: Alexanderplatz 1

The square is one of the most beautiful squares in Berlin. It is framed by three monumental buildings - the German Cathedral, the French Cathedral and Concert hall. The German and French cathedrals, built in 1705, were created to make the area more attractive and, above all, representative. Later, in 1817-1821, the Concert Hall for the national theater was built.

Now there are many cafes, restaurants, shops and hotels open on the square.. Exhibitions, Christmas markets and open-air classical music concerts are held here every year.

Address: Gendarmenmarkt 5-6

The square was rebuilt after German reunification. The ensemble of skyscrapers and futuristic new buildings forms a special city quarter. Berliners and city visitors appreciate the local cafes, cinemas and large shopping arcades of the new Daimler City and do not miss the opportunity to visit this part of the city.

Address: Potsdamer Platz 1

It's hard to miss this remarkable cathedral in the center of Berlin. The cathedral is designed in the Italian Renaissance style with Baroque influences and rises 114 m above the city..

Opening hours: from April to September – daily, 9:00 – 20:00; from October to March – daily, 9:00 – 19:00
Entrance fee: €7 for adults, €5 for children
Address: Karl-Liebknecht Strasse 1

In the very center of Berlin there is Museum Island, one of the outstanding museum complexes Europe and included in the UNESCO cultural heritage list. There are 5 museums on the island. The Old Museum (Altes Museum), similar to the Pantheon in Rome, contains collections from antiquity. The New Museum (Neues Museum), built in 1843-1846, houses the Egyptian collection with the famous bust of Nefertiti.

The Old National Gallery (Alte Nationalgallerie), built from 1867 to 1876, became home to 19th-century paintings and sculptures, for example, works by the French impressionists Manet, Monet, and Renoir. The Bode-Museum exhibits sacred works from Byzantium and Europe from the Renaissance to the Baroque. The Pergamon Museum, founded in 1907 - 1930, collected artifacts from Babylon.

Opening hours: Altes Museum, Old National Gallery, Bode Museum – Tue-Wed, Fri-Sun 10:00 – 18:00, Thu 10:00 – 20:00
New Museum, Pergamon Museum – Mon-Wed, Fri-Sun 10:00 – 18:00, Thu 10:00 – 20:00
Entrance fee: €18 for adults, free for children under 18 years old
Address: Bodenstrasse 1-3

This is the main German and one of the largest department stores throughout Europe.. It has received the status of a real paradise for shopaholics, and many even compare it with Harrods in London and Galeries Lafayette in Paris. The department store was founded in 1907. Now it offers customers 7 floors filled with everything your heart desires. And in the shops and restaurants of the department store you can try the most delicious delicacies from all over Germany and other countries.

Opening hours: Mon-Thu 10:00 – 20:00, Fri 10:00 – 21:00, Sat 9:30 – 20:00
Address: Tauentzienstrasse 21-24

Kurfürstendamm boulevard

You haven't seen Berlin if you haven't been to Kurfürstendamm. The world famous boulevard, briefly called Kudamm by locals, is not only perfect place for a walk, but it is also interesting for city guests from a cultural and architectural point of view. On the boulevard, which stretches for 3.5 km, there are interesting interweavings of old and modern architecture.

The Cumberland House deserves special attention: the early 20th century building with a restored façade is now used as shopping center and a residential building.

Address: Kurfürstendamm 226

The boulevard Unter den Linden (translated from German as “under the linden trees”) owes its name to the linden alley planted here almost 3.5 centuries ago. The street stretches from the Brandenburg Gate to the Palace Bridge for 1.5 km, its width reaches almost 60 m.

If you want to see as many sights of the city as possible in 2 days, then you should start from here: the Embassies of the USA, France and Russia, the Palace of the Crown Princes and the Princess Palace, the State Library, the Historical Museum, the New Guardhouse, Madame Tussauds, the University. Humboldt, Bebel Square and many other memorable places in Berlin.

Address: Unter den Linden 2-77

Teufelsberg is an artificially created mountain in the suburbs of Berlin. After World War II, this area was used to remove the remains of houses from the city. In total, about 25 million cubic meters were brought here. meters of ruins of defeated Berlin.

Now the territory of the base is abandoned and, for security reasons, is fenced off from uninvited guests and curious onlookers. However, regular excursions to the closed base allow visitors to immerse themselves in the atmosphere of those times, as well as admire the original street graffiti under one of the domes on the mountain.

With its orangery, palace park and adjacent buildings, Charlottenburg Palace is considered the largest palace complex in Berlin. It has been rebuilt and expanded several times throughout history.. And after the Second World War, the badly damaged building had to be restored for almost two decades. Now the palace is a museum open to the public.

It is the best-preserved Renaissance fortification in Europe and regularly hosts jousts and other historical events. The oldest parts of the complex date back to the 13th century.. In the 1930s, the citadel's casemates were used as a laboratory where 300 employees worked on the development of chemical weapons. Today the citadel serves as a cultural building, and its casemates are a winter refuge for 10,000 bats.

Opening hours: daily, 10:00 – 17:00
Entrance fee: €4.5 for adults, €2.5 for children
Address: Am Jubilusturm 87

The Red Town Hall is the meeting place of the current mayor of Berlin, as well as one of the main symbols of the city. Walk through the halls of the Town Hall to delve into the historical past of this great city and gain insight into its fascinating past life.

Opening hours: Mon-Fri 9:00 – 18:00
Entry fee: free
Address: Rathausstrasse 15

After a short ferry ride, visitors are treated to an amazing view romantic island Pfauen. The island was named after the peacocks, who live here in absolute freedom and quite often show off in front of the guests of the island. The island has a castle and a park that are definitely worth a visit.

Where to go with children?

Berlin Zoo is the oldest in Germany. Over 18,600 animals live on its territory of 33 hectares. Since the summer of 2017, the zoo has welcomed two pandas from China: Meng Meng and Jiao Qing, the only pandas in Germany. For children, the zoo store sells plush copies of the famous black and white bears, beloved by the whole world for their cute appearance and typical bear clumsiness.

Opening hours: from 1.01 to 26.02 – 9:00 – 16:30, from 27.02 to 26.03 – 9:00 – 18:00, from 27.03 to 24.09 – 9:00 – 18:30, from 25.09 to 29.10 – 9:00 – 18:00, from 30.10 to 31.12 – 9:00 – 16:30, 24.12 – 9:00 – 14:00
Entrance fee: €14.5 for adults, €10 for children 4-15 years old, free for children under 4 years old
Address: Hardenbergplatz 8

The Botanical Garden in the Steglitz region is one of the largest and richest botanical gardens in the world. Young naturalists and their parents can discover all the beauty of nature in the garden, as well as in 15 pavilions arranged in a geometric pattern along the eastern border of the park, and in the botanical museum with its 3.5 million collection.

Opening hours: garden – daily, 9:00 – 20:00; museum – daily, 9:00 – 19:00
Entrance fee: to the garden – €6 for adults, €3 for children; to the museum – €2.5 for adults, €1.5 for children
Address: Konigin-Luise-Strasse 6

Aquarium Berlin

In a historical building next to the zoological garden there is an Aquarium, where fish and reptiles, amphibians and insects live. This is the largest aquarium in Europe, offering young and old visitors a wide variety of species. Children will especially enjoy the outdoor pools with Japanese carp.

Style, ease and lightness reign in Berlin. Too many grandiose and at the same time tragic events occurred in the German capital - the declaration of the Third Reich, Nazi pogroms, almost complete destruction by bombing, half a century of division into Western and Eastern parts. Now the city seems to be resting and happily writing its history anew.

Berlin's districts are completely different from each other. In the historical central part rise the gloomy hulks of the Reichstag and the palaces of Museum Island. The trendy eastern quarters host interesting restaurants, stylish clubs and art spaces. The best shops in the city are located on Kurfürstendamm Boulevard.

Berlin, of course, is not as elegant and ceremonial as others European capitals, however, he has his own soul, which is revealed to the traveler gradually.

The best hotels and inns at affordable prices.

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What to see and where to go in Berlin?

The most interesting and Beautiful places for walks. Photos and brief description.

1. Brandenburg Gate

Important architectural monument Berlin with special symbolic meaning. In 1871, a ceremonial procession of Prussian regiments passed through the gates, marking the declaration of the German Empire. In 1933, the famous Nazi torchlight procession took place here and the “Thousand Year Reich” was proclaimed. After World War II, the Brandenburg Gate became the dividing line between West and East Germany.

2. Reichstag

The Reichstag was the seat of the German Legislative Assembly during the German Empire, the Weimar Republic and the Third Reich. The modern German parliament also holds meetings in the Reichstag. The building itself was built in a very pompous and somewhat overwhelming manner, which, according to the architects, was supposed to emphasize the greatness of the Empire. Everything in the Reichstag seems huge and incomprehensible - the columns, gray facades, the grandiose glass dome.

3. Berlin Wall

The wall, which, following the Second World War, divided Berlin into zones of influence of two main opponents - the military blocs of the Warsaw Department and NATO. The wall stood for almost 30 years and became a symbol of the Cold War. It was a real border with checkpoints and security. After the fall of the Wall and the reunification of Germany in 1989, its rubble was gradually stolen for souvenirs. It was decided to preserve some fragments of the structure as a monument.

4. Berlin Cathedral

The largest Protestant church in Germany, located within the Museum Island. The cathedral was built in the era of Kaiser Wilhelm II and was conceived as a German analogue to St. Peter's Cathedral in the Vatican. The building simply dazzles with its solemn and majestic architecture. It feels like it was built by giants. Co observation deck The temple opening is excellent panoramic view to Berlin.

5. Charlottenburg

Palace of the late 17th century in the Baroque style, a gift from King Frederick I to his wife Sophia Charlotte of Hanover. After completion of construction, it immediately began to be used as royal residence. In front of the palace there is a park in the classical traditions of French and English landscape art. At first the building was called Litzenburg, but after the death of the queen it was renamed in her honor.

6. Spandau Citadel

A 17th-century fortress on the outskirts of Berlin, built during the reign of Joachim II. At the beginning of the 20th century, weapons and ammunition were manufactured on the territory of Spandau. In 1935, a secret Nazi laboratory was located here, where chemical weapons were developed. The last secret warehouse was found in the 70s. Tourists were allowed into the territory in 1992, after the final “unfreezing” of the site.

7. Bellevue Palace

The building is located in the Tiergarten park. It is used as the residence of the German President. During the German Empire, Bellevue belonged to the ruling family and was used as the summer palace of one of the princes. After the fall of the monarchy, it became the property of the state; in 1935, the Museum of Applied Arts was located on the territory. The building can only be entered at certain times once a week.

8. Köpenick Palace

A palace standing on the site of an ancient fortress (presumably built by the Slavs). In the 16th century, Köpenick was a more modest structure and was used as a hunting castle for Elector Joachim II. In the 17th century, the palace was expanded and a park was laid out on the adjacent territory. Nowadays, the building houses the Museum of Decorative and Applied Arts. Concerts are held on the square in front of the palace in the summer.

9. Red Town Hall

The Red Town Hall is the seat of the city government and the mayor of Berlin. This is a neo-Renaissance building with elements of the neo-Gothic style of the late 19th century. As a result of the bombing of Berlin in 1945, the building was severely damaged and a lengthy restoration was required. Interestingly, the main halls of the town hall can be rented for private events.

10. Ka-De-Ve

A six-story store from the early 20th century. Its permanent slogan is “Come, look, be surprised!” Despite its rather respectable age, the department store offers best service and a wide variety of products in almost all price categories. In terms of importance and prestige for Germans, it can be compared to London's Harrods. In Ka-De-Ve it is impossible to stumble upon a fake or buy a low-quality item.

11. Alexanderplatz

The square where at the beginning of the 19th century Kaiser Wilhelm III received Emperor Alexander I. The place was named in honor of the Russian monarch. The square is located city hall, modern TV tower, Fountain of Friendship of Peoples. Until the 17th century, there was a cattle market and a place for executing criminals. Mostly butchers, cattlemen, traders, and shepherds lived in the houses surrounding the square. In the 18th century, the list of permanent residents was replenished with artisans and petty bourgeois.

12. Potsdamer Platz

The parade ground in the Tiergarten area on the site of the destroyed Potsdam Gate. Before the bombing of World War II, there was a comfortable quarter adjacent to the square - popular place for leisure and recreation of Berliners. Everything was destroyed and turned into ruins; nothing of the historical buildings survived. Today, modern high-rise buildings rise around the square, housing the offices of large corporations.

13. Gendarmenmarkt

One of the most beautiful squares in Berlin. The main architectural ensemble consists of three buildings: the German and French cathedrals and concert hall, located in the middle. All three buildings are designed in the colors of a strict classical style. In December, a Christmas tree is erected on the Gendarmenmarkt and the fair begins. Festive lighting is lit on the facades of the cathedrals and the Concert Hall.

14. Berlin State Opera

The very first opera building was built in the middle of the 18th century. During the Second World War it was destroyed twice - during the bombings of 1941 and 1945. Restoration work was carried out until 1955. The renovated opera stage opened with a production of Die Meistersinger of Nuremberg, the immortal work of the German musical genius Richard Wagner.

15. Madame Tussauds

Berlin branch of the museum wax figures Madame Tussauds. Located on the Unten der Linden boulevard. Here you can look at copies of Otto von Bismarck, A. Einstein, Ludwig Beethoven, K. Marx. More modern exhibits include Angela Merkel, Johnny Depp, Rihanna, Madonna and many other famous characters. The figure of Hitler behind the glass wall attracts particular attention. The sinister Fuhrer is depicted at the moment of making the decision to commit suicide.

16. Museum Island

Berlin's large museum quarter, listed as a UNESCO heritage site. There are five museums here: the Old National Gallery, the Bode Museum, the Old and New Museums, and the Pergamon Museum. Extensive exhibitions tell the story of history from primitive times to the present day; hundreds of paintings by masters are exhibited in numerous art galleries different countries, schools and periods.

17. Topography of terror

Memorial complex dedicated to the victims of the Nazi regime. It is located on the territory where the headquarters of the SS and SD were located. The complex represents a whole group of expositions, memorials, open-air exhibitions, preserved administrative buildings of the Third Reich, cellars and barracks. Topography of Terror began work in 1987. The total exhibition area is more than 800 m².

18. Memorial to the Murdered Jews of Europe

Monument in honor of Jews killed by the Nazis. The memorial complex has quite interesting and unusual architectural solution, which accurately conveys the atmosphere of horror that reigned in Germany after Hitler came to power. The memorial consists of several rows of unmarked gray tombstones of varying sizes. They seem to form a labyrinth and symbolize death and hopelessness.

19. Neue Wahe

Germany's main memorial dedicated to all victims of war and tyranny. It is a sculpture of a mother holding her murdered son in her arms. Neue Wahe appeared at the beginning of the 19th century and, according to the king’s idea, was supposed to serve as a monument to those killed in the Napoleonic Wars. In those years and until the end of the 20th century, it was a guardhouse with honorary guards. The sculpture was installed in 1993 on the initiative of Chancellor G. Kohl.

20. Kaiser Wilhelm Memorial Church

A late 19th-century temple built in honor of the first Kaiser of the united German Empire, Wilhelm I. The building was heavily damaged by bombing, and only part of the western tower remains. In the 60s A modern building was erected near the tower. It was assumed that the new building would form a harmonious ensemble with the remains of the church. Inside it is a 4.6-meter figure of Christ.

21. Church of St. Nicholas

The oldest temple in Berlin. It is believed that it appeared in the 13th century. Services were held here until 1938. As a result of destruction during the war, only the outer walls remained of the church. After restoration in 1981, the building began to be used as a concert hall and as a venue for exhibitions. The building is a building in a typical “Protestant” style with laconic forms and sharp spiers of the towers.

22. St. Mary's Church

An old functioning Lutheran church not far from the Berlin TV tower. The history of the church began in the 13th century, since then it has burned and been rebuilt several times. Like many historical buildings, St. Mary's Church was restored after the war in the 60s and 70s. XX century. Inside the temple there is an organ that J.S. himself played. Bach. On Sundays, during services you can enjoy the performance of the church choir.

23. New Synagogue

Jewish temple of the mid-19th century. Surprisingly, the Wehrmacht authorities did not destroy it, but simply closed it in 1940, and converted the premises into a warehouse. The synagogue survived the bombing, although it was significantly damaged. After the war, they decided not to restore the temple, since almost all the Jews - potential parishioners were killed under Hitler. The building was demolished in 1958, leaving only the façade. After the reunification of Germany, the synagogue was restored.

24. Checkpoint Charlie

An iconic and iconic place on Friedrichstrasse, a symbol of the confrontation between two irreconcilable enemies of the Cold War - the USSR and the USA. After the division of Germany, the border passed here and a military checkpoint was established. It was at Checkpoint Charlie that the tank confrontation took place during the Berlin crisis of 1958-1962, during which the world came close to nuclear war.

25. Berlin TV Tower

The television tower is more than 360 meters high. Builds the fourth tallest TV tower in Europe. Started working in 1969. In sunny weather, the outline of a cross is reflected on the ball crowning the structure (apparently from nearby standing church). Connected with this fact is the speculation that the architect was interrogated by the relevant authorities for allegedly deliberately designing the cross.

26. Berlin Zoo

Zoological garden in the Tiergarten area with a total area of 25 hectares. There are 1,500 species of animals represented here (15 thousand individuals in total). The zoo was opened in the mid-19th century for the Prussian King William IV. Gradually, access was allowed to mere mortals. At the beginning of the 20th century, the Berlin Zoo was considered one of the most advanced and modernly equipped zoological gardens. During the war, a bomb hit the territory, and out of almost 4 thousand animals, only about a hundred survived.

27. Treptower Park

A park on the banks of the Spree River, where there is a large memorial complex in honor of Soviet liberating soldiers. The central monument of the park is an 8-meter figure of a soldier with a sword and a little girl in his arms. The Alley of Sarcophagi leads to the statue, where five mass graves The remains of several thousand soldiers are buried. Parts of the Reichstag façade were used to make the alley slabs.

28. Botanical Garden

The garden was laid out in the 19th century and initially served as a recreation area. Over time, it became a research center. At the moment, several thousand plants grow here, among which there are many exotic specimens that are not typical for these latitudes. IN Botanical Garden several greenhouses displaying a rich variety of exotic flowers, cacti, ferns and other species.

29. Boulevard Unter den Linden

One of the most famous streets in Berlin, the local “Broadway” and the center of the capital’s fashionable life. Famous city attractions are located along the boulevard. Unter den Linden begins at the palace square and leads to the Brandenburg Gate. Back in the 18th century, the boulevard became the hallmark of Prussia. The local nobility loved to organize evening promenades along the picturesque linden alleys.

30. Greater Tiergarten Park

A green oasis in the city center where you can admire nature and enjoy tranquility. Tiergarten has dozens of paths, well-groomed alleys, cozy pavilions and benches. In the center of the park stands the grandiose Triumphal Column, which symbolizes the power of the German nation. In the summer, people sunbathe on numerous lawns or simply relax in the generous shade of trees.

Berlin is one of the most beloved and visited cities by tourists in Germany and throughout Europe. The list of Berlin attractions alone can take several pages.

Among the places that interest tourists are ancient churches, each of which has its own history, and historical memorial complexes, museums (sometimes very specific, for example, a technical museum or a museum of homosexuality), philharmonic halls and an opera house. Tourists interested in history and culture come here, active recreation and gastronomy, history and religion.

The Brandenburg Gate is a tourist symbol and a kind of calling card of Berlin, like the Roman Colosseum or the Parisian Eiffel Tower. The most famous Berlin landmark marked the beginning of the construction of buildings in the style of Berlin classicism.

Address: Pariser Platz - 10117.

One of the most unusual islands in the world, getting stuck on which is the dream of many modern Robinsons. Here you can visit the National Gallery, opened in 1876, the Bode Museum (founded in 1904), the Pergamon Museum representing a unique collection of classical antiquities, the Museum of the Ancient East, the Old and New Museums, the Museum of Islamic Art and much more.

Address: Am Lustgarten 1.

The most significant Protestant cathedral in all of Germany is located on Museum Island. The cathedral was built by Kaiser Wilhelm II as a German counterpart to the majestic St. Peter's Basilica in the Vatican. The building is stunning with its solemn grandeur and is an architectural masterpiece. The cathedral's observation deck allows tourists to view the city from above, providing a panoramic view.

Address: Am Lustgarten- 10178.

This building was erected in honor of the Prussian victory over France in 1871. The column is crowned by a golden statue of the goddess Victoria, lovingly called local residents"Golden Elsie" ( Goldelse). The open observation deck offers an amazing panoramic view, allowing you to see both the park and Berlin.

Address: Großer Stern-10557.

The cultural forum includes the Berlin Art Gallery, the New national gallery, Engraving Cabinet, Berlin Philharmonic, Chamber Music Hall, State Library and many other important cultural sites and museums of the city. The ball was founded in 1940-1950. in the former West Berlin, has become famous as a cultural symbol of the city and has become a magnificent addition to Museum Island.

Address: Matthaikirchplatz- 10785.

It was built first among the buildings of the Cultural Forum, in 1960-1963, according to the design of G. B. Sharun. Modern building golden in color and asymmetrical in shape, it has become the main venue for performances of the famous Berlin Philharmonic Orchestra. The Philharmonic Hall is non-standard in design - it is a pentagonal structure that can accommodate 2,500 listeners.

Address: Herbert-von-Karajan-Straße 1-10785.

The Parliament building is not only solemn, but symbolizes Germany: the quadrangular base represents its four most important regions, and the dome symbolizes the unity and inviolability of imperial power. The heroic pages of history associated with the Reichstag are well known Russian tourists. In addition, the Reichstag houses the Museum of Modern Art, which includes one of the best collections in the country.

Address: Platz der Republik 1- 11011.

The Berlin Wall is a concrete fence more than three meters high and 155 kilometers long. It was surrounded by impenetrable barbed wire and not only marked two parts of the German state, but separated many families. The state border along the Berlin Wall existed for more than thirty years.

Address: Bernauer Street 119-13355.

The fall of the wall in 1989 attracted artists from all over the world to transform the dark and gray barrier that divided people into an artistic object. The wall, previously untouchable, is now covered with more than a hundred images. The historical fragment of the Berlin Wall, known as the East Side Gallery, is an art facility, the world's largest open-air gallery.

This is the longest, best preserved section of the Berlin Wall and is of the greatest interest. It is located along the Spree River and is a 1300-meter gallery, which in a unique manner reflects the most important political and historical events in Germany. This section of the wall contains works by famous artists of the world.

Address: Mühlenstraße- 10243.

It arose on the site of a market square and became the center of Belin during its socialist period. The architectural ensemble of Alexanderplatz combines pre-war buildings and buildings of modern architecture. There is a high-rise hotel (extending 123 meters in the air), on the roof of which there are panoramic platforms, as well as a television tower.

Address: Alexanderplatz- 10178 Berlin-Mitte.

A street where many attractions are concentrated - palaces and museums, the center cultural life, a kind of analogy to American Broadway. Here are located various historical and cultural buildings, architectural monuments, including Humboldt University, State Opera, German historical Museum and many others. This world-famous boulevard got its name from two rows of linden trees planted parallel along the pedestrian alley.

One of the oldest historical buildings in Berlin and the largest musical theater in the country, where many famous artists have performed.

Address: Unter den Linden 7- 10117.

Founded in the 17th century, it is renowned for having one of the finest plant collections in the world. Thousands of different plants are presented here and tourists have the opportunity to get acquainted with unusual facts about them.

Address: Königin-Luise-Straße, 6-8-14195.

One of the oldest historical buildings, it commemorates many historical events and important figures. Since 1740 it has been the summer residence of Queen Elizabeth Christina of Prussia. The Empress was a lover of flowers and invested a lot of effort and money into growing palace plants. However, during the Seven Years' War the estate and parks were destroyed. In 1764, the residence building underwent reconstruction and reconstruction, it acquired a modern appearance. The Schönhausen Ballroom is decorated with a unique authentic interior, presenting tourists with the Rococo style.

From 1949 to 1990 the palace housed the residence of Wilhelm Pieck, the only president of the GDR. The State Council of the GDR met in the palace, and the building served as a guest house for delegations. Among the famous guests of Schönhausen are N. Khrushchev, Ho Chi Minh, L. Brezhnev, Fidel Castro, M. Gorbachev, Indira Gandhi, and others. In 1991, the act of signing an agreement took place here, completing the process of unification of post-war Germany.

Address: Tschaikowskistraße -1, 13156.

Treptower Park is familiar to many members of the older generation because of the memorial in honor of Soviet soldiers-liberators who died in the battles near Berlin during the Second World War. The symbol of this memorial is a sculpture of a soldier holding a rescued girl in his arms; there is also a memorial field where unknown soldiers are buried. The memorial was created according to the design of the famous Soviet sculptor Yevgeny Vuchetich.

Monuments related to the liberation mission of Soviet soldiers in World War II can be seen in Tiergarten Park, as well as in the park called Schönholzer Heide. The memorial status of these structures and state funding are secured forever.

Address: Puschkinallee- 12435.

Conclusion

There are many other attractions in Berlin, to see more, you can book sightseeing tour around town. It is also recommended to take bus route No. 100 – regular regular bus for city dwellers rushing about business, passes by many most interesting places, architectural and cultural monuments of Berlin.