Memorials of Murmansk. Abram Point and Memorial Cemetery

03.07.2020

The history of the Abram-Mys microdistrict is as follows. In 1920, on its territory, near the mouth of the Varyazhsky stream, which flows into the Kola Bay just south of the street. Lesnoy, the village of Varyazhsky Ruchey arose. In 1926, about 20 people lived here. In the thirties, a water intake was built on the creek to fill tugboats and small ships with water. In 1937, ship repair shops moved here from Toros Island. They were built in 1930 to repair collective farm fishing motorized boots. In 1937, 600 people lived in the settlement of Toros-Ostrov, including up to 120 ship repairers. In connection with the relocation of workshops near Cape Abram, the village of Abram-Cape arose. By 1938, 379 people lived there.

In addition to the microdistrict and cape, the toponym Abram is associated with the names Abram-pakhta, the steep rocky shore of the Kola Bay half a kilometer south of Cape Abram, and Abram-tundra, a hill to the west of Abram-pakhta. Abram-korga, a sandbank in the Kola Bay in the middle of the fairway, 171 meters from Abram-pakhta, had the same name. Currently, the corga has been blown up and removed, as it interfered with the approach of ships to the fishing port and the approach to the docks of SRZ-2

Artist Polenov, communicating with local residents, heard the legend about Varlaam (Abraham, Abram)-Keretsky - a Kola priest from the time of Ivan the Terrible. There is also a mention of a sheer rock called Abram's Buttermilk. “Oral tradition,” writes Polenov in the book “The Reviving North,” “changed the name of Varlaam or Abraham to Abram.”

And the legend said that there was a devil sitting on this rock, blocking the exit from the Kola Bay to the Arctic Ocean. This devil left his buttermilk to confuse Abraham when he was standing at prayer in the chapel; the devil entered his house, to his wife, under the guise of a lover. When Abraham drove with his wife’s corpse past the menacing buttermilk, the devil freely let the man through to the ocean for the first time. When Abraham returned with the decayed corpse of his wife, the devil was no longer there, and access to the ocean has since been free.

Abram-Mys is an urban-type settlement, 8th microdistrict of the Hero City of Murmansk. Located on the western shore of the Kola Bay, 1.5 km from the city center. Population is about 3000 people.

A school, a kindergarten, a cultural center, the director of which, unlike all city clubs, is not afraid to hold rock concerts on his stage with the participation of teams from Murmansk and the region. So all rock sessions take place in the Mayak cultural center on Abram-Cape. An outpatient clinic with 1 doctor, a nurse and an orderly, and all specialists are located in clinic No. 7, and children's in clinic No. 4, a hairdresser.

Beautiful nature, mushrooms and berries begin 50 meters from the houses, so in the summer and autumn there is a constant invasion of berry pickers into the village of mushroom pickers.

Clean air and a minimum of transport, children walk freely without adults on playgrounds and just near houses, without the risk of being run over by a car at any moment

Bus to the city every hour from 7 to 24, travel time 50 minutes (to the center). The boat has 3 trips in the morning, 3 in the evening, travel time is 10 minutes.

The Varyazhsky stream flows through the village, formed at the confluence of streams flowing from lakes Eight and Mezhgornoye. A kilometer from the village, a spring is a place of pilgrimage for local pensioners and city bootleggers, so alcohol is at least diluted with water other than tap water.

Abram-Cape in Murmansk region(Russia), description and map linked together. After all, We are places on the world map. Explore more, find more. Located 11.7 km southeast of Murmansk. Find interesting places around, with photos and reviews. Check out our interactive map with places around, get more detailed information, get to know the world better.

There are 8 editions in total, the last one was made 6 years ago by Marenik from Murmansk

Abram-mys (Murmansk, Russia) - description, history, location, reviews, photos and videos.

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In the vicinity of Murmansk there are many objects with names that include the word “Abram”. The old people explain this to one ancient legend: allegedly, it happened in the 16th century, during the reign of the formidable Tsar Ivan IV. At that distant time Kola Peninsula there lived a priest named Varlaam or Araami (later transformed into Abram). And the current Abram-Pakht was ruled by none other than the devil. The unclean one sat on his rock and did not allow any of the people to go to the sea. He went away only when he tempted Varlaam, who was reading the prayer rule. At this time, the devil entered his wife’s house under the guise of a lover. But a dark day came for the devil - the priest’s wife died. Varlaam walked past with her lifeless body damn rock to bury his wife. And then the demon let a man pass his cape for the first time. And when the priest returned back, there was no trace of the unclean man. Since then, the path to the ocean has been considered free. This is such a creepy but beautiful legend. The views that open from Cape Abram are no less beautiful.

In addition to this romantic and legendary piece of land, the name Abram-Mys is also named after one of the microdistricts of Murmansk. Previously, there was a village here with the beautiful name Varyazhsky Ruchey, which was founded in 1926. It cannot be said that this village was overpopulated. So, according to statistical data, in 1926, not much more than 20 people lived here. In the 1930s, a water intake was built here in order to fill tugboats and other ships with water. In 1937, ship repair docks moved from Toros Island to the village, and after some time this place was renamed Abram Cape.

In general, the toponym “Abram” is quite widespread in these parts. So, in addition to the area itself and, in fact, the cape, the supposed name of the priest is present in the name of Abram-Pakhta (a picturesque rocky coast that plunges vertically into the waters of the Kola Bay), which is located 1.5 km from here. There is also Abram-tundra here - a hill not far from the rocky coast.

There was also an Abram-korga (shoal), which was blown up because it prevented ships from passing through.

During the Second World War, air defense units were located at Cape Abram, which protected the Kola Bay and important objects of Murmansk, Severomorsk and Polyarny from enemy air raids.

During the Second World War, air defense units were located at Cape Abram, which protected the Kola Bay and important objects of Murmansk, Severomorsk and Polyarny from enemy air raids. In 1988, in memory of these events, a memorial complex was founded here, which includes an anti-aircraft gun, two Yak-9 and Su-15 fighters, a dugout, and an aerial bomb. Unfortunately, the memorial today is not in the best condition and is maintained by private donations.

Murmansk. Abram-Cape

And yet we still have summer!))) Yesterday, for example, it was sunny, hot, green... And Murmansk residents know how to appreciate these wonderful days, especially since you never know whether the weather will be the same tomorrow (here Today, for example, it is rainy and cloudy). So we went out of town, and not just - wherever we look, but with a purpose. And the goal was designated as follows: we will go to the other side, to the plane at Abram-Cape. “That bank” is the left bank of the Kola Bay, you can get there by boat (but it rarely runs) or through a bridge (we went across it). The plane is visible “from this shore”, standing on high place, we knew that there was a memorial complex there, but we had never been there. Here we go...

Probably, it is necessary to clarify the name - Abram-Cape - a combination so familiar to Murmansk residents, however, I have not heard a clear explanation about its origin from anyone. By the way, I couldn’t find a clear answer in the literature. I will refer to the opinion of V. Muzhikov, the author of books and articles devoted to the toponyms of Murman.

“In addition to the microdistrict and the cape, the toponym Abram is associated with the names Abram-pakhta, the steep rocky shore of the Kola Bay one and a half kilometers south of Cape Abram, and Abram-tundra, a hill to the west of Abram-pakhta. Abram-pakhta also had the same name. corga, a sandbank in the Kola Bay in the middle of the fairway, 171 meters from Abram-pakhta. Currently, the corga has been blown up and removed, as it interfered with the approach of ships to the fishing port.

All these names have been known since the 17th century. True, in the documents of 1608-1611 it was written “Abraham's buttermilk” - that was the name of the local tony, but in the documents of the same time no Abraham was listed among the owners of the tony. The artist Polenov, communicating with local residents, heard the legend of Varlaam (Abraham, Abram) of Keret, a Kola priest from the time of Ivan the Terrible. There is also a mention of a sheer rock called Abram's Buttermilk. “Oral tradition,” writes Polenov in the book “The Reviving North,” “changed the name of Varlaam or Abraham to Abram.”

And here we are on the other side... Along the alley leading to the memorial complex dedicated to the 1st Air Defense Corps, which defended the skies of the Arctic during the Great Patriotic War, there are aircraft (Yak-9 from the war, a model, and SU-15 , modern) and rocket launchers.

Near the Yak there is a model of an aerial bomb.

There are surprisingly quite a lot of people near the memorial: mothers and children who came specially, like us, are walking...

On the pedestal is an anti-aircraft gun.

Stele with the names of fallen soldiers...

Monument to women air defense soldiers.

From the memorial there is a beautiful view of the city and the ships standing at the pier: red is the nuclear icebreaker "Russia" in the dock, to the left is the first nuclear icebreaker "Lenin", turned into a museum, even further to the left, white, is the motor ship "Klavdia Elanskaya", or simply “Klava”, as the Murmansk residents call it (there is no disdain in this, on the contrary, one hears something “homely”; here the heavy aircraft-carrying cruiser “Admiral Kuznetsov” is simply called “Kuzya”)))

Far away, on a hill Cape Verde, - a monument to the Defenders of the Arctic, Alyosha, as he is called.

And a peaceful sky above your head... Here these familiar words take on a special meaning.

I continue to post my impressions of meeting the most big city Arctic, and today we will go to the famous Abram-Cape, a place on the western shore of the Kola Bay, where today a remote microdistrict of the city of the same name is located. There is also a Memorial Complex dedicated to the 1st Air Defense Corps, which defended the skies of the Arctic during the Great Patriotic War. Like the famous “Alyosha”, Abram-Mys is considered a rather strong and iconic memorial dominant of Murmansk.

The visit here took place as part of my planned trip along west bank Kola Bay, along the conventional route "Murmansk - Polyarny", the day after visiting Teriberka, and this route was supposed to give me a lot of beautiful photos bay, panoramas of Murmansk and Severomorsk, as well as other beauties... However, everything did not go quite as we wanted...

An unexpected and sharp drop in air temperature led to the fact that, already in the morning, an impenetrable wall of steam rose above the warm bay all the way to the sky, hiding not only the bay itself, but also everything around, within a radius of several hundred meters on both sides of it.

When we approached the Kola Bridge to cross to the other side, the beautiful bridge seemed not to exist, and the entire traffic flow, at the speed of a pedestrian, plunged into the white substance and instantly dissolved in it.

02. Towards evening, visibility on the bridge became a little better. The photo was taken on the way back.

But, as soon as we drove a little away from the bay, visibility became normal again. On both sides of the P-21 "Kola" highway, one could admire very beautiful winter landscapes. And the most stunning views, illuminated by the soft polar dawn, opened, of course, from the heights of the hills.

03. Highway R-21 "Cola".

After about 10 kilometers, we reached the urban village of Abram-Mys, which today is considered the 8th microdistrict of Murmansk. By the way, due to its isolation from the city, this is not physically felt at all.

04. Polar dawn.

According to local beliefs, this area got its name many centuries ago. There is even a legend associated with the name of the priest Araamia (Abram) and the devil who lived on the cape and did not allow fishing ships into the ocean.

Here, in 1920, not far from the mouth of the Varyazhsky stream, which flows into the Kola Bay, a village arose with beautiful name"Varyazhsky Stream". The population was only a couple of dozen people. In the 30s, fishing workshops, a kind of branch of ship repair plant No. 2, were actively developing here, workers with their families moved here, the population increased significantly and by the end of the decade it was already more than 300 people. And soon the name changed to Abram-Cape.

05. Northern nature.

Today, about 3,000 people live in the microdistrict, which consists of just a few streets. There is all the necessary infrastructure: kindergarten, school, recreation center, hospital, shops, etc. The houses are ordinary Soviet five-story buildings, and only one house has nine floors. Connects residents to the city center transport connection. Bus number 24 runs every hour, travel time is 50 minutes. They say that there used to be a convenient and fast (only 10 minutes) boat crossing, but then it was abolished.

The central street Lesnaya leads from the Kola highway to the village. From there we turn onto Okhotnichiy Lane, which goes steeply to the top of the hill. It seems that it is impossible to drive along it... ice, snowdrifts and a very strong slope... Lo and behold, the car will stall and roll back... But we successfully completed this test and reached the Memorial complex, located at the very top in a beautiful park area.

The first stage of the complex was opened in 1986, and the second in 1994. A snow-covered alley stretching into the distance leads directly to the monument to the defenders of the Arctic skies, and along it stand historical aircraft, a cannon and anti-aircraft air defense systems.

08. Airplanes on pedestals: the famous single-engine fighter-bomber of the Second World War - the Yak-9 and the interceptor fighter of the 60s - the Su-15.

09. Yak-9. Somewhere nearby, under the snow, there should be a mock-up of an aerial bomb.

10. In front of the planes there are S-125 "Neva" (on the right in the photo), S-75 "Dvina/Pechora" and S-200 "Angara" anti-aircraft missile systems.

Probably everyone is well aware that Murmansk is a hero city, which is often called the second Stalingrad. During the war years the city became a real northern impregnable fortress, and the courage and heroism of the defenders of the Arctic is impressive! 185 thousand bombs were dropped on Murmansk! Of the 2830 buildings in the city, only 990 survived, in ruins. The city was practically wiped off the face of the earth, but, nevertheless, it survived and did not let the enemy through. The Germans lost about 100 thousand soldiers and officers, almost 2000 aircraft, and more than 800 combat and transport ships in the Arctic. For courage and perseverance, Murmansk was awarded the honorary title “Hero City” with the Order of Lenin and the Gold Star medal.

11. S-75 “Dvina/Pechora” air defense systems (left) and S-200 “Angara” (right).

At the end of the alley there is a memorial memorial to the soldiers of the 1st Air Defense Corps and an 85-mm 52-K anti-aircraft gun. From this point, at good weather, a magnificent panoramic view of the Kola Bay and Murmansk itself, the port and the Marine Station with the nuclear icebreaker "Lenin" opens.

12. 85-mm anti-aircraft gun 52-K.

In the distance, on the Cape Verde hill, you can see the giant “Alyosha” - the famous monument to the Defenders of the Arctic.

People often come to Abram Cape to admire the ships, port cranes, listen to the cries of seagulls and the specific music of the repair docks. In the vicinity of the village there are amazingly beautiful carpets of blueberries and blueberries, and the forests are rich in mushrooms.

The floating bay ruined all my plans for panoramic views... Instead of ships, the port and Murmansk, I saw only white silence, which began right behind the pedestal with an anti-aircraft gun. Hoping to see at least something from the pier, we went down the street. The ship repair station to the pier, however, they found only a closed gate to the territory of Gazflot LLC. There was nothing more to catch here, and we went to the next point of our “surreal” route - the village of Belokamenka. To be continued.

13. Steam over the bay

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As part of the walks around the distant parts of Murmansk - a trip to Cape Abram. This is also a remote and dull garrison outskirts, which, however, is very noticeable from the city center with its brilliant fighter-monument on the hill. Legally, it is part of the city, but in fact it is an autonomous village with its own separate life, different from the city one. Like the Gunboat in St. Petersburg before the construction of the tunnel.
Anyway, let's take a walk and take a look.

Part of the memorial at Cape Abram.

Initially, I planned a boat trip along the Kola Bay and landing at Cape Abram, opposite Murmansk, but on Monday morning, instead of heat and sun, thick fog suddenly fell on the city, heavy rain began and the boat, with great regret, had to be cancelled. Polar region, what to do. However, three hours later I finally got there by land, across the Kola Bridge - when the fog had partially cleared. The rain did not stop, so the trip to the memorial (see the plane on the mountain, behind the houses?) took place in wet weather, but there was no choice.

1. View of Cape Abram in good weather from the Seaport pier (taken on the day when I went to the Lenin nuclear-powered icebreaker). The girls are the same as in picture No. 5. An airplane is visible on the slope of the hill.

2. And this is the same plane on the memorial, as seen from the opposite shore of the Kola Bay (zoom).

3. Now fast forward to the next day, rainy and gloomy. So, after a 50-minute ride on the Murmansk city bus No. 24 - through half the city, then across the new Kola bridge, and on the way to the north, I landed on this very Cape Abram. Surprisingly, there is a city bus going there! (though not often, on a schedule).

4. First you need to go through the valley of a small river, across a bridge.

5. Then we pass through the old part of the garrison, taking the path upward.

6. On the other hand - Brezhnev's five-story buildings.

7. The road leads us to the memorial. It's pouring rain, making filming extremely inconvenient.

8. First, air defense missile launchers were delivered.

11. Let's look back: a view of the air defense missile launchers.

12. There is an aerial bomb in the grass under the fighter, and why with a radiation sign painted on it.

13. The memorial ends with an anti-aircraft gun at a steep slope down. Further, in the heavy cloudy gloom, the districts of Murmansk are visible, they are already across the bay.

14. Plates of fallen warriors.

15. I should note that despite the pouring rain and the remoteness of May 9, the memorial was very clean - not a speck of debris, there were wreaths and flowers - it was clear that he was being watched.

16. Granite plaque on the memorial with a diagram of air defense points during the Great Patriotic War in the vicinity of Murmansk.

17. Anti-aircraft guns at the pedestal.

18. Now let’s approach the slope and look at the city opposite. It must be that in good weather in the evening, when the sun is behind, they open here great views. But now it was raining, alas. On the mountain you see “Alyosha” - remember, I said that this is the absolute dominant of these places?

19. Let's move the camera to the right: below you can see two icebreakers - "Lenin" at the sea terminal, and to the right another one, a diesel one. And to the left of “Lenin” is another white vessel. This is "Klava" (Klavdiya Elanskaya) came from the next flight. The clouds are so thick that they cover the upper part of the city and blur the view of the houses.

20. Now we go down a short road made of concrete slabs down to the bay.

21. ...and again a view of “Alyosha” (on the mountain).

22. The rain is getting stronger. But I still decided to go to the bay, since I got here.

23. Looking up - at the only 9-story building of the garrison.

24. And here, from behind the warehouses and workshops, is again a view of the nuclear-powered icebreaker "Lenin" on the other side of the bay (in the center).

25. Went down to the bay. View of the port of Murmansk, opposite.

26. And to the left, to Cape Verde with “Alyosha”. Now the tide is low, the sandbank is exposed.

27. We go upstairs and go to the bus stop. I got pretty wet from the hike, it’s time to return to the city.

Yes, it's a bit gloomy here. Especially in bad weather.

To be continued.

Gateway to the Arctic.