The best submarines of the Russian Navy. The pride of Russia: where lies the power of two new submarines of the Varshavyanka project Dangerous Russian submarine Shchuka-B
On July 28, the multi-purpose nuclear submarine cruiser Ulyanovsk was laid down at the Sevmash shipbuilding complex in Severodvinsk. It will become the sixth in the line of the Yasen-M project. About which ships make up the submarine fleet of the Russian armed forces - in the RBC photo gallery
Strategic missile submarines
Submarine "Podmoskovye" of project 667BDRM "Dolphin"
Ships of this type are designed to launch ballistic missile attacks on strategically important enemy military-industrial facilities.
The Russian Navy has 13 strategic missile submarines in service, including eight in service with the Northern Fleet and five with the Pacific Fleet.
These are six missile cruisers of Project 667BDRM "Dolphin", three missile cruisers of Project 667BDR "Kalmar", three nuclear-powered missile submarines of Project 955 "Borey", as well as one heavy nuclear-powered missile submarine of Project 941UM "Dmitry Donskoy".
Arctic expedition
The special purpose submarine BS-136 Orenburg of Project 09786 assigned to the Northern Fleet is a modernized submarine of Project 667BDR Kalmar. During an expedition to collect information in the Arctic zone in 2012, the Orenburg was the carrier of a unique nuclear deep-sea station that collected soil samples to clarify the high-latitude boundary of the continental shelf in the Arctic.
The submarine Podmoskovye of Project 667BDRM Dolphin was also modernized according to Project 09787, equipped with a special-purpose deep-sea vehicle and transferred to the Navy in December 2016. It will replace the BS-136 Orenburg in the fleet.
Borey project submarine "Yuri Dolgoruky"
"Borey"
In the future, the ships of the Borei project should replace the submarines of the Kalmar and Dolphin projects. There are currently three Borey-class submarines in service: Yuri Dolgoruky, Alexander Nevsky and Vladimir Monomakh. In total, eight Boreys are planned to be built by 2021. The basis of their combat power is the Bulava intercontinental ballistic missiles. There are 16 missiles on board the ship, which can throw 96 nuclear charges over a distance of over 9 thousand km.
Submarine "Dmitry Donskoy"
(Photo: Scanpix Denmark / Sarah Christine Noergaard / Reuters)
"Dmitry Donskoy"
The Dmitry Donskoy submarine is the last of the Project 941 Akula submarines, which are considered the largest and heaviest in the world. The ship underwent modernization and was converted to carry Bulava missiles, in which it took part in testing. A total of 14 launches were carried out, half of which were successful. It was reported that until the end of 2019 the issue of dismantling the Dmitry Donskoy would not be raised and the submarine would take part in testing the modernized Bulava-M intercontinental ballistic missile.
Attack submarines
Project 971 ship "Pike-B"
Multi-purpose submarines are designed to destroy enemy surface ships, submarines, provide amphibious landings, provide fire support for troops, and protect cargo ships and airborne troops. The Russian Navy has 52 such submarines in service, including 24 in the Northern Fleet, 18 in the Pacific Fleet, eight in the Baltic Fleet and two in the Black Sea Fleet.
The main type of multi-purpose nuclear submarines
The main type of multi-purpose nuclear submarines of the Russian fleet are the Project 971 Shchuka-B ships (pictured), which were developed on the basis of the Project 945 Barracuda submarines. The Russian Navy has 11 Shchuka-B submarines and two Project 945 Barracuda submarines. In addition, the Pacific Fleet has two Project 945A submarines, which were also developed on the basis of Project 945 Barracuda.
Submarine "Severodvinsk"
New main type
Project 971 Shchuka-B should be replaced by Project 885 Yasen ships. Today there is only one such submarine in the fleet - Severodvinsk. In March 2017, the second submarine of this project was launched, the delivery of which to the Navy is scheduled for 2018. The project is considered one of the most extraordinary for the Russian submarine fleet. According to Navy Commander-in-Chief Vladimir Korolev, the ships of the Yasen project have an integrated combat system, reduced noise and are the most modern in their class. Experts note that “Ash trees” are very difficult to detect in the world’s oceans.
Project 949A missile submarine "Antey"
"Antey"
The Pacific and Northern fleets are armed with eight Project 949A Antey submarines, which are armed with Granit cruise missiles. Ships of this class are leaders in the number of launchers on one carrier. By 2025, it is planned to arm four Anteys with Caliber cruise missiles. Project 949A submarines, together with Tu-22M3 bombers of the Russian Navy, are the main means of countering carrier strike groups of the US Navy.
It is expected that in 2018, the Belgorod scientific submarine of Project 09852, which is a rebuilt Project 949A missile submarine Antey, will join the Navy. With a length of 184 m, it should be the largest in the world.
Project 636 submarine "Varshavyanka"
"Halibut" and "Varshavyanka"
The Russian fleet includes 16 Project 877 Halibut submarines in various modifications, as well as six Project 636 Varshavyanka submarines developed on their basis. These submarines are considered one of the quietest in their class, for which the NATO military unofficially nicknamed them “black holes” in the ocean.
The main weapon of the Varshavyanka is Caliber cruise missiles. It was from Varshavyanka that the Kalibr missiles were launched in 2015. command posts terrorists in Syria. In 2009-2017, Russia delivered six submarines of the Varshavyanka project to Vietnam under a contract, the amount of which is estimated at $2 billion. The operator of two Project 636 submarines is Algeria, and ten more are operated by China.
Assistant to the Russian President for military-technical cooperation Vladimir Kozhin noted that Indonesia, the Philippines and Thailand want to purchase Project 636 submarines, since today they are the most popular submarine.
Lead ship "St. Petersburg"
"Lada"
Another development of the Halibut project was the 677 Lada project, the lead ship of which, St. Petersburg, has been undergoing trial operation in the Northern Fleet since 2010. This submarine also has a reduced noise level and is armed with Caliber missiles. It is diesel-electric submarines of the Lada type that will become the main project for the Russian non-nuclear submarine forces.
Submarine of project 671RTMK "Pike"
Three Project 671RTMK Shchuka submarines remain in the Northern Fleet, which, according to media reports, are soon planned to be decommissioned
The Russian Black Sea Fleet will commission six Project 636 Varshavyanka multipurpose submarines by 2017. This was stated by the commander of the Black Sea Fleet, Rear Admiral Alexander Fedotenkov, as reported by RIA Novosti. " We will receive the first three hulls in 2014, one in 2015 and two in 2016 to form a full-fledged submarine brigade of the Black Sea Fleet"- said the rear admiral, noting that all ships have already been laid down at the Admiralty Shipyards in St. Petersburg.
Currently, the Black Sea Fleet includes two: B-871 “Alrosa” of project 877B and B-380 “St. Prince George” of project 641B. The last submarine is undergoing repairs and modernization. " Based on the experience of the underwater service of submariners of the Black Sea Fleet, a brigade of Project 636 submarines will be formed“, said the commander of the Russian Black Sea Fleet, adding that in parallel with the arrival of the first Project 636 submarines, (1135.6) will also arrive in the fleet.
As expected, new submarines will be based in Sevastopol and Novorossiysk. It is planned to allocate a mooring front for basing in Novorossiysk. According to Fedotenkov, after the arrival of new submarines to the Black Sea Fleet, an additional agreement will be signed with Ukraine to the basic agreement on the deployment of the Russian fleet on Ukrainian territory.
According to the Commander-in-Chief of the Russian Navy, Admiral Vladimir Vysotsky, by 2020, the Black Sea Fleet will receive 15 new surface and submarine ships. In particular, in 2013, the delivery of Project 11356 frigates will begin, the number of which in the Black Sea Fleet should be at least five by 2015. It was previously reported that by 2030 the number modern ships on Black Sea Fleet it is planned to increase to 35-40 units.
OUR HELP
Main characteristics of diesel-electric submarine "Varshavyanka":
Type of ship - multi-purpose diesel-electric submarine
NATO classification - "Improved Kilo"
Speed (surface): 17 knots
Speed (underwater): 19-20 knots
Working diving depth - 240 m
Maximum diving depth - 300 m
Navigation autonomy - 45 days
Crew - 52 people
Dimensions:
Surface displacement - 2350 t
Underwater displacement - 3100 t
Length (according to the vertical line) - 73.8 m
Hull width - 9.9 m
Average draft (according to waterline) 6.2 m
Power point:
2 diesel generators 1000 kW each,
main electric motor - 5500 hp
economical electric motor with a power of 190 hp.
two reserve electric motors of 102 hp each.
Propulsion - one six-bladed low-speed propeller
Armament
— Torpedo and mine armament: 6 bow-mounted TAs of 533 mm caliber, normally loaded, with automatic loading, 18 torpedoes or 24 mines;
- Missile armament: RK "Caliber" - anti-ship missiles ZM-54E and ZM-54E1 instead of some torpedoes;
- Air defense - MANPADS "Strela-3", 4 missiles.
/Based on materials lenta.ru /
Last year, the Russian Navy (VMF) for the first time reached the level of the USSR in terms of the amount of time spent by submarines on cruises. This was announced by the Commander-in-Chief of the Russian Navy, Admiral Vladimir Korolev, who on Friday, March 31, takes part in the launching ceremony of the Kazan nuclear submarine.
According to the commander-in-chief, in 2016 the time spent by Russian submarines on cruises exceeded three thousand days. “Last year we reached the level that was before the post-Soviet period in terms of the number of operating days. This is more than three thousand days at sea for the Russian submarine fleet. This is an excellent indicator,” said the admiral (quoted by RIA Novosti).
Commenting on the launching ceremony of the second multi-purpose nuclear submarine (NPS) of the Yasen-Kazan project taking place in Severodvinsk, Korolev called it an event for the Navy and the entire country, TASS reports. “The launching of the modern underwater multi-purpose cruiser of the improved Yasen-M project is truly an event for the whole country, for the Armed Forces, for the Navy. Together we are implementing the construction plan approved by the government. A group of nuclear submarines is being created that will solve problems in any area oceans and ensure the security of Russia,” explained the Navy Commander-in-Chief.
In addition, according to him, the sixth nuclear submarine called Ulyanovsk, which completes the Yasen-M series, will be laid down this year. “We are launching the first, lead ship today, the next four ships have been laid down, their construction continues. The last ship, the sixth, which will be called Ulyanovsk, we are laying down this year,” the admiral said.
By 2020, it is planned to build seven submarines of the Yasen project for the Russian Navy, six of them according to the modernized project 885M. The third nuclear submarine of the Yasen-M series, named Krasnoyarsk, according to the plant’s plan, should be launched in 2019, the commander-in-chief noted.
The lead submarine cruiser of the Yasen project, called Severodvinsk, was transferred to the Navy on June 17, 2014. Multi-purpose nuclear submarines "Kazan", "Novosibirsk", "Krasnoyarsk" and "Arkhangelsk" are being built according to the improved Yasen-M (885M) project. They have a displacement of 13,800 tons, a diving depth of 520 meters, a crew of 64 people, an endurance of 100 days, and an underwater speed of 31 knots. It is armed with mines, 533-mm torpedoes, and Kalibr and Onyx cruise missiles.
Korolev also said that this summer they will launch nuclear submarine"Prince Vladimir". This is the first nuclear submarine in the modernized Borei project, which involves, in particular, being equipped with an improved Bulava-M ballistic missile.
It is worth noting that the Russian Federation involved its submarine fleet in the military operation in Syria. In December 2015, Russia launched its first attack on militant positions from a submarine from Mediterranean Sea. Then Kalibr cruise missiles were fired from the Rostov-on-Don submarine at terrorist bastions near Raqqa, the self-proclaimed capital of the Islamic State*.
In March 2017, the head of the combat training department of the Navy, Rear Admiral Viktor Kochemazov, confirmed on Ekho Moskvy that the Caliber missile system installed on a Russian submarine attacked IS targets in Syria. The Navy spokesman did not specify whether the strikes were carried out from an underwater position, or at what specific targets.
At the same time, in mid-March, ABC Espana wrote, citing the Spanish military, that Russia was increasing the presence of its submarine fleet in the Mediterranean Sea. In the case of Spain, the movement of Russian submarines comes down to passage through the Strait of Gibraltar and its approaches. The headquarters of the NATO naval forces in the British Northwood confirmed that the presence of the Russian submarine fleet in the Mediterranean has increased over last years. At the same time, the military indicates that their capabilities are expanding, in particular, the ability to act covertly is increasing.
*"Islamic State" (IS, ISIS, Daesh) is a terrorist group banned in the Russian Federation.
Multi-purpose nuclear submarines can be assigned a wide range of tasks: searching for and destroying enemy submarines, primarily SSBNs, in combat patrol areas and at transitions; destruction of surface ships and transports; the struggle (together with surface forces and aviation) to gain supremacy at sea; organization of lines in narrow areas in order to prevent enemy ships from entering open ocean; participation in blockade actions; protection of aircraft carrier groups and formations; protection of maritime communications; launching missile strikes against ground targets; covert laying of mines, reconnaissance, landing of reconnaissance and sabotage groups.
Currently, the Russian submarine fleet includes multi-purpose nuclear submarines of the following projects: 671RTMK Shchuka, 945 Barracuda, 945A Condor, 949A Antey, 971 Shchuka-B and 885(M) Yasen.
1. Project 671RTMK "Pike" - a series of Soviet second-generation nuclear torpedo submarines.
As of 2017, the Russian Navy includes three boats of this project, namely the B-138 “Obninsk” (SF), delivered to the fleet in 1990 - in service, B-448 “Tambov” (SF), delivered to the fleet in 1992 year - under repair, B-414 "Daniil Moskovsky" (SF), delivered to the fleet in 1990 - in reserve.
2. Project 945 “Barracuda” - a series of Soviet third-generation nuclear torpedo submarines.
Currently, the B-239 "Karp" and B-276 "Kostroma" boats are in the reserves of the Russian Navy. The issue of restoring boats was sometimes put on the agenda, sometimes closed. IN this moment There is no repair or modernization of these boats.
3. Project 945A “Condor” - a series of third generation Soviet nuclear torpedo submarines.
As of 2017, the Russian Navy includes two boats of this project, namely the B-336 “Pskov” (SF), delivered to the fleet in 1993 - in service, B-534 “Nizhny Novgorod” (SF), delivered to the fleet in 1990 - in service.
4. Project 949A “Antey” - a series of third-generation Soviet nuclear submarines armed with Granit anti-ship missiles.
As of 2017, the Russian Navy includes eight boats of this project, namely: K-132 “Irkutsk” (TOF), delivered to the fleet in 1988 - is under repair and modernization at the Zvezda Shipyard, K-442 “Chelyabinsk” "(Pacific Fleet), delivered to the fleet in 1990 - is under repair and modernization at the Zvezda Shipyard, K-456 "Tver" (Pacific Fleet), delivered to the fleet in 1992 - in service, K-186 "Omsk" (Pacific Fleet) , delivered to the fleet in 1993 - under repair, K-150 "Tomsk" (Pacific Fleet), delivered to the fleet in 1996 - in service, K-119 "Voronezh" (SF), delivered to the fleet in 1989 - in service, K- 410 "Smolensk" (SF), delivered to the fleet in 1990 - in service, K-266 "Eagle" (SF), delivered to the fleet in 1992 - in service.
5) Project 971 “Shchuka-B” - a series of Soviet multi-purpose nuclear submarines of the third generation.
As of 2017, the Russian Navy includes 11 boats of this project, namely: K-322 “Kashalot” (Pacific Fleet), delivered to the fleet in 1988 - in reserve, K-391 “Bratsk” (Pacific Fleet), delivered to the fleet in 1989 - awaiting repair and modernization at the Zvezdochka shipyard, K-295 Samara (Pacific Fleet), delivered to the fleet in 1995 - awaiting repair and modernization at the Zvezdochka shipyard, K-331 Magadan ( Pacific Fleet), delivered to the fleet in 1990 - under repair, K-419 "Kuzbass" (Pacific Fleet), delivered to the fleet in 1992 - in service, K-317 "Panther" (SF), delivered to the fleet in 1990 - in service, K-461 "Wolf" (SF), delivered to the fleet in 1991 - is under repair and modernization at the Zvyozdochka shipyard, K-328 "Leopard" (SF), delivered to the fleet in 1992 - is under repair and modernization at the shipyard "Zvezdochka", K-154 "Tiger" (SF), delivered to the fleet in 1993 - is awaiting repair and modernization at the Zvezdochka shipyard, K-157 "Vepr" (SF), delivered to the fleet in 1995 - undergoing repairs at the Nerpa shipyard, K-335 "Gepard" (SF), delivered to the fleet in 2001 - in service.
6. Project 885/885M "Yasen" - a series of Russian multi-purpose nuclear submarines with fourth generation cruise missiles.
As of 2017, the Russian Navy includes one boat, Project 885 "Severodvinsk" (SF), delivered to the fleet in 2014 - in service. Also, at the present time, at the facilities of Sevmash, a program for the construction of six submarines pr.885M is being implemented, namely: K-561 “Kazan”, laid down in 2009 - launched in 2017, K-573 “Novosibirsk”, laid down in 2013 - under construction, K-571 "Krasnoyarsk", laid down in 2014 - under construction, K-564 "Arkhangelsk", laid down in 2015 - under construction, K-? "Perm", laid down in 2016 - under construction, K-? "Ulyanovsk", laid down in 2017 - under construction.
And briefly about the state of the US Navy submarine fleet.
As of 2017, the US Navy includes thirty-three 3rd-generation Los Angeles-class boats, three 4th-generation Seawolf-class boats, and four 3rd-generation Ohio-class boats, converted according to the KR " Tomahawk" and thirteen 4th generation Virginia class boats (in total it is planned to build more than 30 boats for the US Navy).
P.S. Some US Navy boats may be undergoing repairs.
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