Countries with the lowest birth rates. Rating of countries by age of population

19.07.2023

Fertility is of great importance for every country. If this indicator is low in a state, then a threat is created to the territorial integrity of the country. High and low birth rates improve and guarantee the preservation of the nation. Fertility statistics allow you to track the necessary indicators.

Fertility is also an indicator of a country's level. In poor countries, where people earn a low income, usually a high level, few children are born. In developed countries, where living conditions are good, the population is not afraid to give birth to several babies.

Population dynamics in the Russian Federation

The table shows birth rate statistics in Russia by year. It can be used to judge how natural population growth has changed:

Year	Number of children born	Total population
1927	4 688 000	94 596 000
1939	4 329 000	108 785 000
1950	2 859 000	102 833 000
1960	2 782 353	119 906 000
1970	1 903 713	130 252 000
1980	2 202 779	138 483 00
1990	1 988 858	148 273 746
2000	1 266 800	146 303 611
2010	1 788 948	142 865 433
2015	1 940 579	146 544 710
2016	1 888 729	146 804 372

To find out which gender of children are born more, there are statistics on the birth rate of boys and girls. Let's look at the indicators for the city of Novopolotsk. In 2014, about five hundred female children and almost six hundred male children were born. 2015 was marked by the birth of 595 boys and 537 girls. In other settlements the situation is approximately the same.

Girls Fertility Statistics and boys means that more male babies are being born.

Chechen Republic.
Ingushetia.
Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug.

The worst indicators are:

Tyumen region
Pskov region
Tula region

The total number continues to decrease, despite the fact that mortality did not exceed the birth statistics in Russia in 2016. At the same time, the state has reached a higher level. Fertility statistics for 10 years show that Russia ranked 63rd in the world (data for 2016) in terms of natural population growth. The table shows the main reasons why Russians died (from January to August 2016):

	Number of people (in thousands)
	716,7
	198,2
	13,5
	5,7
	16,3
	7,2
Infections	21,8

Fertility statistics for 2016 show that the population density in the Russian Federation is 8.6 people per 1 km². This is one of the lowest rates in the world. Huge areas are simply empty. Villages and small towns have died out over the past 20 years, and some areas have never been inhabited.

The situation in the world at the beginning of 2017

According to statistics for the first quarter of 2017, the world birth rate increased by almost 50 million people. Every day several hundred thousand babies are born in the world. E this fact can be checked using the earth's population counter in mode.

Fertility and mortality rates for 2017 in Russia

Russia has always been the largest territorial state in the world. However, the population here is inexorably declining. The country is experiencing a demographic crisis. According to fertility statistics in Russia, at the beginning of 2017, fewer children were born compared to the previous year.

Population growth in Belarus and Ukraine

Fertility statistics by year in Ukraine:

Year	Number of children born	Total population
2000	no data	48 663 600
2005	426 100	47 100 462
2010	497 700	45 782 592
2015	411 800	42 759 300

Below is a diagram with fertility statistics in Ukraine, as well as mortality by year (over the last 25 years). It clearly shows in which years the country's population grew and in which it decreased.

Fertility statistics in Belarus by year:

Year	Number of children born	Total population
2000	93 691	9 988 000
2005	90 508	9 664 000
2010	108 050	9 491 000
2015	119 509	9 481 000

Boy Birth Statistics in the Republic of Belarus is given in numbers in the graph below. Slightly more male babies are born than female babies. But recently the number of boys born has decreased slightly. As for the size of the male and female population, judging by the table, there are more men than women in Belarus.

In recent years, the population in the Russian Federation and Ukraine has decreased, while in Belarus it has increased; birth and death statistics in Russia confirm this fact.

Was based on projections and estimates by the United Nations Population Division. The birth rate was calculated as the number of births per 1000 inhabitants of the country. The UN list was compiled for the period 2005-2010. The second was created in 2009 based on data from the CIA World Fact Book.

According to the UN list, the two special administrative regions of the People's Republic of China, Hong Kong and Macau, have the lowest birth rates. In both countries, there are 7.6 newborns per 1,000 inhabitants. According to the CIA list, the last places are occupied by Hong Kong with a coefficient of 7.42 and Japan - 7.64. European countries are not lagging behind Asian countries. Germany, Italy and Austria also have low birth rates.

Hong Kong

Hong Kong was a British colony from 1842 to 1997. The PRC received sovereignty over the territory. However, Hong Kong has broad autonomy until 2047. It has its own monetary system, police, legislation, immigration policy. It also maintains its representation in international events and organizations. More than seven million people live in Hong Kong. Among them, 95% are Chinese. The autonomous country is one of the most densely populated states on the planet. However, this is also the place where the birth rate is lowest. Hong Kong is growing thanks to the influx of immigrants from China, the Philippines and Indonesia.

Macau

Macau is a city in China, located on the coast of the South China Sea. From 1557 to 1999 it was a Portuguese colony. Like Hong Kong, it has broad autonomy. The population is 568 thousand inhabitants. In addition to low birth rates, it has the lowest level of fertility on the planet - 0.91 births per woman. At the same time, Macau ranks second in the world in terms of life expectancy, after Monaco.

European countries

According to German statistics, every fifth resident of the country has never had a child. A third of married couples do not want to have children. The reasons are being too busy and wanting to live for oneself. There are 8.1 births per 1000 inhabitants in the state. The same is true in Italy and Austria, where birth rates have fallen sharply in recent years. Unofficially, the Vatican has the lowest birth rate in the world. There is no birth rate at all, since only priests who have taken a vow of celibacy live in a theocratic state.

Every year the human population continues to grow. But even so, in some countries the population is declining. The reasons for this depopulation lie in the excess of mortality over the birth rate or in significant emigration of residents. The list of the most endangered countries is given by death rate per 1000 inhabitants, according to the CIA.

1. Lesotho (14.9)

2. Bulgaria (14.5)

This country has long been a member of the “most endangered countries” club. This is because the mortality rate here is 1.5 times higher than the birth rate. Every year the population of Bulgaria decreases by 60 thousand people - practically a small city. Every hour, five Bulgarians die, and a couple more leave the country. At this rate, by 2050 the number of Bulgarians will fall to 4.5 million, and they will no longer be the majority in Bulgaria. But back in 1989 there were 9.1 million. Experts believe that one of the reasons for the extinction of Bulgarians is the uneven development of the country's regions, high mortality and low birth rates.

3. Lithuania (14.5)

According to experts, the population of Lithuania will decrease to less than 2 million people by 2040. Low life expectancy leads to the degeneration of the country. The number of working-age residents of the country is decreasing by 2% annually; soon there will be no one to take care of the country’s economy. Against the backdrop of low birth rates, the population is rapidly aging and there is active emigration.

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4. Ukraine (14.4)

In 1993, it had the largest population - 52.24 million inhabitants. At the beginning of 2016, the population of the territories controlled by the Ukrainian government was only 42.76 million people. UN demographic forecasts leave Ukraine with only 30-32 million by 2050 if the rate of depopulation continues. Another important demographic factor of modern Ukraine is significant emigration, reaching up to 5 million Ukrainians, that is, every eighth.

5. Latvia (14.4)

In 2015, Latvia set a sad anti-record - for the first time since 1954, its population decreased to 2 million inhabitants. That is, the country, which was so zealously eager to join the EU, and finally achieved what it wanted, was left with the same number of inhabitants as it had just a few years after the devastating war and mass repression. During the period 2000-2014, Latvia, which did not participate in any war, lost 380 thousand citizens - 16% of the population. If you consider that approximately 640 thousand people live in Riga and its suburbs, you can imagine that over the years half of these residents have disappeared. Latvia is being killed by mass emigration and the presence of only 63% of able-bodied people among the entire population. This leads to reduced tax collections and withering pensions and healthcare costs.

6. Guinea-Bissau (14.1)

This poor African country only relatively recently intended to follow the path of socialism, but now it makes money by selling drugs, half of which are sent to Europe. Even in the capital of the country there is no stable electricity supply. Only recently did the bloody Civil War end here, and over the past 10 years there have been 4 military coups in Guinea. There is terrible unsanitary conditions in the country, and Ebola fever periodically rages.

7. Chad (14.0)

It is one of the poorest countries in Africa and the world. For many years, Chad's economy followed the interests of France, which shamelessly extracted natural resources from the country, not allowing any other industries to develop. Until now, after gaining independence, Chad cannot cope with hunger and poverty.

8. Afghanistan (13.7)

A person in Afghanistan is less likely to die of old age or even of hunger than to be killed, because the war here has not stopped for many decades. In this country, mortality during childbirth is very high, and 20% of children do not live to be 5 years old. 70,000 Afghans contract tuberculosis every year, which already affects a third of Afghanistan's population. Almost half of Afghans exhibit varying degrees of mental disorders - this is a consequence of constant life on a “powder keg”. For 6 million people there is no way to receive medical care, because the entire infrastructure in the country has been destroyed - there are not even roads to many settlements.

9. Serbia (13.6)

Over the past half century, Serbia has seen a birth rate that is insufficient to replenish the population. Each new generation is smaller than the previous one. Therefore, the country's population is steadily aging, causing mortality to rise. The number of women of childbearing age is decreasing, and fewer children are being born. Thus, there are now 12% more old people over 65 years of age in Serbia than children under 15 years of age. If in the middle of the last century 150 thousand children were born here per year, now this figure has dropped to 68.3 thousand. Added to this is increased emigration.

10. Russia (13.6)

The largest country in the world has been one of those for the last 15 years where the birth rate is lower than the death rate, which is largely due to the increase in morbidity. Russians do not treat most diseases on time, so they regularly become chronic, which does not happen in prosperous countries. That is why there are so many disabled people and high mortality rates in Russia. The majority of the country's population is characterized by an unhealthy lifestyle: consumption of poor-quality water, poor diet, neglect of exercise, smoking, alcoholism and drug addiction. Most Russians now lack access to quality medical care. Regional budgets involve much less public funds than those of developed countries: 3-4% of GDP instead of 7%.

First, let's look at some statistics on fertility in different countries of the world. According to the UN Population Division, the leaders in fertility in the modern world are the poorest countries in Africa. Democratic Republic of the Congo, Guinea-Bissau and Liberia - 49.6 births per 1000 people per year, Niger - 49.0, of the Asian countries only Afghanistan comes close to them - 48.2. According to the CIA, Niger is in the lead - 51.6 births per 100 people, Mali - 49.2, Uganda - 47.8. The countries with the lowest birth rate per 1000 people according to the UN are Chinese Hong Kong and Macau - 7.6, Singapore and Germany - 8.2, Japan - 8.3, Bosnia and Herzegovina and Bulgaria - 8.9. According to the CIA - Hong Kong - 7.42, Japan - 7.64, Italy and Germany - 8.18. As we can see, both among the leaders and anti-leaders of the list there are Asian and Muslim (a significant part of the population of Bosnia and Herzegovina is Muslim) countries.

Orientalist, historian:

“The birth rate in Europe and America is falling, but in third world countries it is rising.” This phrase sent me into a frenzy because we are dealing with a repetition of a very common myth. In reality, the birth rate “in Third World countries” is not growing at all. It falls there, as everywhere else. Africa held out the longest, but since the late eighties the birth rate has slowly gone down there too. I fiercely entered into an argument, which I decided to post here. The painfully common misconception is “Europe is dying out, and Mexicans are giving birth like rabbits” (in fact, Mexicans are now giving birth less than the French and Danes). The population is growing, and will continue to grow for decades to come, but the birth rate is falling.

: The birth rate in Europe and America is falling, while in third world countries it is rising.

: Why is she growing??? And where???? In which third world countries is TFR currently growing? Can you be more specific???

: AND India, Pakistan, etc.

: I give you a certificate. In India, TFR (total fertility rate, this is the main indicator of fertility, somewhat simplified - the number of children an average woman has) changed as follows: in 1970 there were 5.3 births per woman, in 1996 - 3.4 births per woman , in 2007 - 2.8 births per woman. In other words, there has been a twofold reduction in the birth rate over 40 years. I will add that during this period there was not a single year when the birth rate increased. No one. In some Indian states (Kerala, for example), the birth rate in the last 3-5 years has fallen below the replacement level. Yep, 1.8 births per woman. Slightly better than in Russia.

Let's see what we have in Pakistan. In 1996 there were 5.4 births per woman, in 2007 - 3.7 births per woman. Somehow it doesn’t look like the growth you’re talking about. I would be grateful if you could tell me which third world countries have higher birth rates now than they did in 1990? And even more so than in 1970... The birth rate will fall all over the world, and at a record pace.

: So in India 2.8 births per woman, in Pakistan 3.7 births per woman - this is not an increase in population? Let me remind you that the status quo is 2.2 births per woman. So the population is growing, just not at such a rapid pace. Can you provide statistics for China? They have been fighting the birth rate there for a long time and diligently, but it still does not disappear. That's how bad it is.

: Dear simeon75, I was told that the birth rate is increasing. I said that the birth rate, on the contrary, is declining - and I showed it. The birth rate, measured by any metric, is falling, and very quickly. The population, of course, is growing (for now), but the birth rate will fall.

D For information: the population is (so far) growing in the vast majority of developed countries, although the birth rate there has long been below the replacement level. There is such a thing as demographic inertia.

So here's your answer. The population is growing - almost everywhere (Russia, with its declining population, is a rare exception, although there will soon be many such countries). At the same time, the birth rate is falling - also everywhere. There is no “birth rate increase in the Third World” that was mentioned in the posting.

: You cited statistics for India and Pakistan (without sources, by the way). These are nuclear powers, and they cannot be classified as third world countries. If you claim objectivity, provide data on African countries and Mexico with Palestine. Yes, and it is very interesting to hear about the increase in population in the vast majority of developed countries.

: Regarding the development of India and Pakistan: a) North Korea also has nuclear weapons (if desired, it’s a simple stupid thing), so what? b) named them because these countries were specifically named by the opponent; c) look at the data on Sri Lanka and Bangladesh, which have not yet acquired nuclear weapons and are not classified as developed countries. You will see exactly the same picture there.

About the sources. US Census Administration database, but it is mainly based on UN statistics. About objectivity. I don't claim it. I'm just giving numbers. If you are interested in Mexico and African countries, then I will bring them again - and with great pleasure. For sub-Saharan Africa, the TFR was 5.83 RJ in 1996, and 5.26 RJ in 2006. A decrease, albeit a small one. By the way, this is the only region where there are several countries in which a decrease in TFR has not yet been observed.

Oh yes, Mexico. In 1996 there were 2.7 births per woman, in 2006 - 1.73 births per woman. Namely, the birth rate in Mexico is now slightly lower than in Denmark, but slightly higher than in Belgium.

: I would like to note that the birth rate is actually growing, it’s just that the RATE is falling. So dear Igor was not mistaken. But in Europe and Russia the birth rate is really falling. Moreover, for a long time now and, apparently, there is no end in sight.

: Sorry for being a bit stubborn, but you are wrong. “Fertility” is, you see, a well-known and well-measured statistical indicator. It is usually expressed either in the number of births per 1000 people per year, or in the number of births per average woman (essentially the same thing, but the latter is more clear, and therefore occurs more often). Quite quantifiable indicators, and measurable at a time. So, this figure is decreasing, decreasing everywhere, and very quickly. There are practically no countries where it is simply stable. It is decreasing in India, the USA, Russia, Korea, and China. There is no increase in the birth rate. There are no countries where, to quote you, “the birth rate is really increasing.”

I repeat. The birth rate is measured in very clear numbers. All these figures in all countries (almost all) have a steady downward trend. If you mean population growth, then that's a different matter. The population is growing, but, again, it is growing in most countries. The situation will change soon. The population will begin to shrink and age. First - in developed countries, then - in all.

: Well, in that case, I meant population growth. “The population is growing, but again, it is growing in most countries.” Is it in the majority? And in Western Europe?

: QUOTE “The population is growing, but again, it is growing in most countries.” Is it in the majority? And in Western Europe?

France 2000 - 61.172 million, France 2006 - 63.328 million. Great Britain 2000 - 59.522 million, Great Britain 2006 - 60.609 million. Germany 2000 - 82.187 million, Germany 2006 - 82.422 million.

And so on. You can look at other countries. Reductions have already begun in some places, but not in many places yet. Another thing is that this growth is about to end in the coming years. And it will end because in these countries TFR already in the sixties fell to the level to which in Mexico it fell only ten years ago. Demographic inertia in Europe is ending.

In East Asia, so far this inertia ends only in Japan, but soon, around 2020, the turn of Korea and Hong Kong will come, and then, around 2040-50, China. However, for now, I repeat, the population is growing almost everywhere. By the way, those who are younger will see such a demographic transformation, which simply has no analogues. Old people's societies. First - in Europe, a couple of decades later - in Latin America and East Asia, then - in South Asia. It is not yet clear with the Middle East and Africa. The trends there are similar, but less pronounced. However, in Iran, the birth rate safely fell below the replacement level right at the beginning of the new millennium, in 1999, and now stands at 1.75. Quite Europe, one of the relatively prosperous ones. This means that in sixty years, when families with many children begin to die, the same thing will happen in Iran.

: Interesting numbers. Did not know. Where does this data come from?

: In this case, the USCensus, a section of international statistics.

Groups of countries by birth rate

Let's go back to the statistics again. Based on UN statistics, countries of the world can be divided into several groups based on the number of births per year per 1000 people.

More than 40 births: Democratic Republic of the Congo (with its capital Kinshasa), Guinea-Bissau, Liberia, Niger, Afghanistan, Mali, Angola, Burundi, Uganda, Sierra Leone, Chad, Rwanda, Burkina Faso, Somalia, East Timor, Malawi, Benin.

30 to 40 births: Nigeria, Guinea, Mozambique, Eritrea, Zambia, Kenya, Tanzania, Equatorial Guinea, Yemen, Ethiopia, Togo, Madagascar, Central African Republic, Palestine, Ivory Coast, Senegal, Congo (with capital Brazzaville), Gambia, Cameroon, Comoros, Guatemala, Mauritania, Sao Tome and Principe, Iraq, Sudan, Solomon Islands.

20 to 30 births: Ghana, Papua New Guinea, Lesotho, Cape Verde, Vanuatu, Djibouti, Swaziland, Nepal, Haiti, Honduras, Zimbabwe, Bolivia, Tajikistan, Pakistan, Laos, Syria, Cambodia, Jordan, Micronesia, Philippines, Gabon, Namibia, Tonga, Belize, Botswana, Nicaragua, Saudi Arabia, Bangladesh, Paraguay, Samoa, Egypt, French Guiana, Dominican Republic, Libya, Maldives, Western Sahara, India, El Salvador, Uzbekistan, South Africa, Oman, Kyrgyzstan, Turkmenistan, Brunei, Venezuela, Fiji, Ecuador, Peru, Algeria, Panama, Malaysia, Morocco, Iran, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines.

From 10 to 20 births: Jamaica, Israel, Kazakhstan, Suriname, Mexico, Brazil, Saint Lucia, Vietnam, Colombia, Indonesia, Bhutan, Guam, Mongolia, Turkey, French Polynesia, Lebanon, Myanmar, Grenada, French Reunion, Kuwait, Costa Rica, Bahrain , Guyana, Bahamas, Tunisia, French New Caledonia, Albania, Azerbaijan, Qatar, UAE, Ireland, Uruguay, Chile, Sri Lanka, Mauritius, French Guadeloupe, Trinidad and Tobago, Thailand, Iceland, Netherlands Aruba, USA, New Zealand, Montenegro, Virgin Islands, Puerto Rico, North Korea, China, Serbia, Russia (12.6 births per 1000 people), Armenia, Netherlands Antilles, Australia, French Martinique, Cyprus, France, Great Britain, Norway, Luxembourg, Moldova, Sweden, Denmark, Finland, Netherlands, Barbados, Macedonia, Estonia, Georgia, Spain, Portugal, Belgium, Canada, Cuba, Slovakia.

Less than 10 births: Malta, Romania, Poland, Belarus, Greece, Hungary, South Korea, Latvia, Austria, Czech Republic, Italy, Switzerland, Ukraine, Lithuania, Croatia, Slovenia, Bulgaria, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Japan, Germany, Singapore, Hong Kong, Macau.

Over the years, I increasingly remember Brian’s sermon from the Monty Python film of the same name: “Don’t listen to me! Think with your own head!” Brian, naturally, was crucified, but the people never learned to think for themselves. He still prefers to retell myths he read in the tabloids.

Average age is an indicator that divides the country's population into two equal categories, characterizing that half of the people living in a given state are younger than the specified average age, and half are older.

The average age of the world's population is calculated by a weighted arithmetic average. This indicator indicates how many young and elderly people will live in a particular country.

The average age of the population is a very important indicator, because if the country is “young”, then the state will need to invest more funds in the development of the educational sector and the provision of employment.

If the majority of the population is elderly, then the country directs resources to social security and the organization of pension payments (this occurs at different times in different countries).

The age structure of the world's population is often used to prepare forecasts on political issues related to various areas. For example, if in a country the majority of the population is young people, but the state has problems with unemployment, then having predicted this situation, this problem can be solved by organizing new jobs for the younger generation.

This means that almost half of the population (46.3%) is under 15 years of age.

This situation is due to the high birth rate. In Rwanda, each woman has 6-7 children. This demographic situation is also affected by the high mortality rate among the adult population, which is 20.26 people per 1000 inhabitants.

Second place belongs to the country. In that state, the average age of the population is 15.5 years. In recent years, this country has experienced a demographic explosion, which provoked a “rejuvenation” of the population.

It is also worth noting that Uganda has a poorly developed healthcare system, so many residents die from numerous diseases after 40 years of age.

It ranks third in the ranking of countries in the world in terms of the average age of the population with an indicator of 16 years. The constant decrease in age is influenced by high birth rates and deaths from malaria, intestinal infections, leprosy and tuberculosis. Also, more than 15,000 HIV-infected citizens die in this country every year.

In fourth place is the Republic of Malawi with an average age of the population of 16.3 years. This African country is characterized by a population growth of 2.8% per year, due to which it ranks 13th in terms of fertility on the entire African continent.

Seventh place belongs to the country. The average age of the population is 16.9 years. Population growth dynamics – 2.442%. In this country, an urgent problem is the large number of HIV-infected citizens who do not have access to qualified medical treatment due to a lack of funds in the state budget.

Burundi is in eighth place with an indicator of 17 years. The annual population growth is 2.4%. A decrease in the number of middle-aged residents occurred between 1972 and 1993, when confrontations between two ethnic groups began in the country: Tutsis and Hutu.

Because of this man-made genocide, millions of Burundians died at the hands of enemy groups.

Ninth place is occupied by a state called Burkina Faso. The average age in the cities of this republic is 17 years. The country also has a high birth rate.

But this is not the main problem with the predominance of a young population. The state has a low level of urbanization and lacks municipal and educational institutions.

Most of Chad's people are starving. The country is also experiencing an outflow of middle-aged residents to more developed republics.

Rating of countries with the oldest populations

The higher the average age of the population, the higher the level of development of the country. A high rate indicates prosperity, a good healthcare system and a well-functioning social security system.