Controlling the ship during a turn. Controlling the ship during a turn See what “starboard side” is in other dictionaries
- Starboard (Dutch stuurboord, stuur - steering wheel, boord - board; English steerboard, later - English starboard) - the right side of the ship in the direction of travel.
- Port side of the ship
- adv. and noun m. Morsk. right side, right side; starboard tack when the wind is from the right; opposite sex starboard, port side or side of the ship, port tack. We were sailing broadside, and he, across the way, was sailing starboard. Put the steering wheel on the backboard, right hand drive
- Cesare (Caesar) Borgia (full name of the cat. Cèsar de Borja i Catanei - Cesar de Borja i Catanei, in the Spanish spelling of Spanish.
- A condition under which the goods must be delivered on board the ship at the expense of the seller
- Keeling (from the word “keel”) is the tilting of a vessel for the purpose of inspecting and repairing its underwater part. Keeling is carried out until the keel appears above the water.
- (obsolete) tilting a ship (vessel) on board so as to bring in. part of the hull came out of the water for inspection, cleaning, repair and painting
- In the era sailing ships punishment, which consisted of dragging a person with the help of under-keel ends from side to side under the bottom of the ship
- (obsolete) type of punishment in the sailing fleet, which consisted in the fact that the offending sailor was pulled under the bottom of the ship from one side to the other with the help of under-keel ends
- Robert Kranjec (Slovene: Robert Kranjec; born July 16, 1981, Kranj, Yugoslavia) - Slovenian ski jumper, medalist Olympic Games in the team championship, world champion in ski flying.
- Wooden beam along the side to soften the impact of the ship on the pier
- A bag filled with hemp and hung overboard to soften the shock of the ship when approaching the pier
- Device for protecting the side of a ship from damage
- Box on board the ship
- Beam along the side
Many of you, having been on a cruise at least once, have heard words such as “Portside” and “Starboard” more than once. We decided that it would be useful for everyone to learn how to navigate on board a ship, because sometimes cruise ships are similar in size to entire cities.
These two terms are nautical and apply to the definition of the port and starboard side respectively of a ship when facing the bow, also known as the "bow". The tail part of a ship is often called the stern.
Bow of the ship
Marine terminology, especially the two words "Portside" and "Starboard", has a long history.
According to Wikipedia, before ships had a newly equipped steering system, they moved using what was called a main oar. This oar was controlled by a rower located at the stern of the ship. Like most people on earth, the crew on board was mostly right-handed. This meant that the main oar, which by the way was wide for easier control, was located on the right side of the boat.
The term "Port" was coined by sailors who moored ships on the port side in ports in order to avoid hitting the main oar, after which the word "Portside" came to mean the port side.
Viking longboat
Guides at the ship museum in Oslo say that even on Viking longboats, the starboard side was equipped with a wooden plank called a “regulator.” Nowadays, equivalents have been selected for this word - “tiller” and “steering wheel”. Since the helm was always controlled by a helmsman looking forward, and most people in our world are right-handed, the starboard side came to be called the “Steer-board.”
Gradually this word fell into disuse and the word “Starboard” appeared in modern English.
Steering wheel
According to another version, this term originated from cartography, when maps were drawn according to the stars. As a rule, older ships had long masts and sails that obstructed the helmsman's view. Therefore, the sailors built a deck that protruded forward and to the right so that they could monitor the starry sky without leaving the controls. Therefore, one person was on this side of the ship “reading” the stars, transmitting data to the helmsman. This side of the deck was used for so-called navigation and was called the “starboard”. Because of this side-protruding deck, the ship could only moor in port on the left side, which was appropriately called “portside.”
Once the first central navigation station was designed, the need for the protruding starboard deck disappeared. And now all ships are moored on both sides.
In addition, the starboard side has green side lights, the left side has red lights, and the stern has white lights. If two oncoming ships are approaching from either side, each should head to starboard to avoid collision.
Interesting, isn't it?
More meanings of this word and English-Russian, Russian-English translations for the word “BOARD THE SHIP” in dictionaries.
- BOARD OF THE SHIP - shipboard
- BOARD OF THE SHIP - shipboard
- VESSELS - Vehicles
- VESSELS - Crafts
Russian-American English Dictionary - BOARD - Plate
Russian-American English Dictionary - BOARD - 1. (of a ship) side starboard side - starboard side left side - port side along the side - alongside side ...
- BOARD - 1. (ship) side; left ~ port side; right ~ starboard side; ~ o ~ alongside (one another); for ~, for...
Russian-English dictionary of general topics - VESSEL - Vessel
Russian Learner's Dictionary - BOARD - Side
Russian Learner's Dictionary - BOARD
Russian-English dictionary - BOARD - m. 1. (ship) side starboard side - starboard side left side - port side along the side - alongside ...
Russian-English Smirnitsky abbreviations dictionary - BOARD - flange, border, crimp, (conveyor belt) capped edge, flange portion
Russian-English dictionary of mechanical engineering and production automation - BOARD - husband. 1) (ship) board, side man overboard! - man overboard! freeboard height - sea. free-board side by side…
Russian-English short dictionary of general vocabulary - BOARD - flange, border, bort, side
Russian-English dictionary on construction and new construction technologies - BOARD – Verge
British Russian-English Dictionary - SIDE - side, side wall of a ship.
- BOARD - 1. (ship) side; left ~ port side; right ~ starboard side; ~ o ~ alongside (one another); behind ~, behind ~ overboard; throw something away behind …
Russian-English Dictionary - QD - BOARD is a mineral, a type of diamond. The name probably comes from the Old French bord or bort - inferior. Chemically, it is the element carbon. Like...
Russian Dictionary Colier - BOARD - m. side along the side - alongside with folding sides - drop-sided - side folding side of the body - rim bead - tire bead - load-lifting tailgate - rear ...
Russian-English automobile dictionary - BOARD - see outside the spacecraft; on board; with... on board; TV broadcast from on board
Russian-English dictionary of idioms on astronautics - BOARD - husband. 1) (ship) board, side man overboard! - man overboard! freeboard height - sea. free-board starboard - ...
Large Russian-English Dictionary - BOARD - board board;breast(coat);cushion(billiard)
Russian-English Dictionary Socrates - BOARD - 1. noun. 1) a flat object made of wood a) board; plank, die; parquet Floor boards ought to be an inch in …
- WRECKAGE - noun 1) wreckage 2) collapse, collapse (of hopes, etc.) wreckage (of something) (collectively) finished people; wreckage of the past accident, wreck (ship, ...
Large English-Russian Dictionary - WRECK - 1. noun. 1) wreck, accident (also translated) He was killed in a car wreck. ≈ He died in a car accident. ...
Large English-Russian Dictionary - SHIP - 1. noun. 1) a) ship; sea vessel (powered or sailing) to abandon ship (when it is sinking) ≈ ...
Large English-Russian Dictionary - RUMMAGE - 1. noun. 1) trash, rubbish; smb. unnecessary, useless; garbage, rubbish - rummage sale Syn: lumber I 1., rubbish 2) …
Large English-Russian Dictionary - OVERSIDE - 1. adj. loading over the side, unloading over the side overside delivery 2. adv. overboard; overboard The bulk of the …
Large English-Russian Dictionary - OVERBOARD - adv. overboard; overboard to throw overboard ≈ to throw overboard man overboard! ≈ man overboard! He fell...
Large English-Russian Dictionary - MASTER - 1. noun. 1) owner, owner; master The dog obeyed his master. ≈ The dog listened to its owner. Syn: owner, boss, …
Large English-Russian Dictionary - JETTISON - 1. noun. 1) throwing cargo overboard during a disaster 2) transfer. ignoring, neglecting (sth.) jettison of every restraining principle ...
Large English-Russian Dictionary - HEAD
Large English-Russian Dictionary - FOUL - 1. adj. 1) in the physical sense a) polluted, unclean, unrefined; dirty, unreadable (about handwriting, manuscript) If the way be foul ...
Large English-Russian Dictionary - FORE - 1. noun; mor. something in the first position, in a leading position a) nose, bow ship b) forward Syn: ...
Large English-Russian Dictionary - DETENTION - noun 1) a) detention, arrest; detention in detention ≈ in custody preventive detention ≈ preventive detention house of ...
Large English-Russian Dictionary - DEMURRAGE - noun; commercial 1) a) downtime (ship, wagon), delay in departure (vessel, wagon) b) demurrage, payment for delay (vessel, wagon) 2) legal. ...
Large English-Russian Dictionary - COMMISSION - 1. noun. 1) a) power of attorney; authority in commission to do smth b) instruction, order to act in some way. way Syn: order, ...
Large English-Russian Dictionary - CHARTER - 1. noun. 1) charter, charter The Great Charter The People's Charter United Nations Charter 2) right, privilege, benefit; document allowing ...
Large English-Russian Dictionary - BEAM - 1. noun. 1) beam; beam, crossbar camber-beam ≈ beam with deflection (beam, the upper surface of which bends down from the middle) hammer-beam ...
Large English-Russian Dictionary - AVERAGE - 1. noun. 1) average number; average value; average (based on the sum of several values) on average ≈ on average to strike an …
Large English-Russian Dictionary - ATHWART - 1. adv. 1) obliquely, obliquely; across; perpendicular Syn: slantwise, obliquely, across 2) against; contrary to 2. sentence 1) through, across; ...
Large English-Russian Dictionary - ALONGSIDE - 1. adv. 1) nearby, nearby, near, near, near guard with a prisoner alongside ≈ guard and prisoner side by side...
Large English-Russian Dictionary - ABOARD - adv. 1) on board welcome aboard! ≈ we welcome you on board our plane (flight attendant’s address) 2) on board to come, ...
Large English-Russian Dictionary - ALONGSIDE - alongside.ogg 1. ə͵lɒŋʹsaıd adv 1. 1> next to, about; side by side; near sit alongside me - sit next to (me) ...
English-Russian-English dictionary of general vocabulary - Collection of the best dictionaries - ALONGSIDE - 1. [ə͵lɒŋʹsaıd] adv 1. 1) next to, about; side by side; near sit ~ me - sit next to (me) 2) ...
New large English-Russian dictionary - Apresyan, Mednikova - ALONGSIDE - 1. ə͵lɒŋʹsaıd adv 1. 1> near, about; side by side; near sit alongside me - sit next to (me) 2> ...
Large new English-Russian dictionary - BROADSIDE - 1. noun. 1) side (of a ship) 2) guns on one side; broadside to give a broadside sea. - give …
English-Russian dictionary of general vocabulary - LINES PLAN is a theoretical drawing, a graphical representation of the outer surface of the ship’s hull, giving a complete idea of the shape of its contours. For all ships, except wooden ones, on...
English-Russian-English dictionary of marine terms - LINES PLAN - noun theoretical drawing is a graphic representation of the outer surface of a ship's hull, giving a complete idea of the shape of its contours. For all vessels except...
English-Russian-English dictionary of marine terms - VESSELS - river or sea vessels using a wing-shaped device to lift a boat's hull out of the water and reduce forces...
Russian Dictionary Colier - MARINE - SHIP POWER INSTALLATIONS AND PROPULSIONS There are four main types of ship propulsors: water-jet propulsors, paddle wheels, propellers (including ...
Russian Dictionary Colier
General provisions. The task of the navigator when performing a turn is to ensure the circulation movement of the vessel within the width of the water area and not allow it (especially the stern) to go beyond the edge of the ship's passage or pile onto the shore, other standing ships, berths, structures, etc.
To perform a turn in river conditions, it is necessary to correctly determine its direction, taking into account the influence of the current (Fig. 102) and wind. In natural sections of the river, the current near the sands or a convex bank is usually less than in the middle of the river or near the ravine. The place for the turn and the direction in which it is performed are chosen in such a way that the current helps the turn.
The vessel following the current (position I), before turning, goes along the core and then turns towards the slow water. In this case, the water pressure on the bow is significantly less than on the stern, and the turning moment from the action of the current Mt will be directed in the same direction as the turning moment of the rudder Mu, facilitating the rotation. If, when moving with the current, the rotation is carried out from the slow-moving to the rod, then the turning moment Mt prevents the rotation from being performed (position II). When turning moments Mt and Mp become equal, or when the moment Mt exceeds the moment Mp, the ship stops obeying the rudder and is carried away by the current.
The vessel moving against the current (position III) must move slowly before turning and then turn towards the core. In this case, the bow of the vessel experiences greater water pressure than the stern, and the turning moment from the current Mt contributes to the rotation. If, when moving from below, the turn is made from the ravine to the sands (position IV), the current creates a moment Mt, which interferes with the turn, since it is directed opposite to the rudder moment Mp.
In the presence of wind and no current, the direction of rotation is chosen depending on the nature of the influence of the wind on the vessel. If the ship
Rice. 102. Scheme for determining the direction of rotation taking into account the current
Rice. 103. Scheme of the main methods of performing a turnover
falls to the wind, the turn is performed with the bow to the wind, and if the ship is brought to the wind - with the bow to the wind. In these cases, the turning moment from the action of the wind Mv first prevents the rotation, and then contributes to its implementation.
When the vessel is simultaneously exposed to current and wind, the navigator needs to find the direction of the resultant forces of both the current and the wind, taking into account that at the same speed, the influence of the current is approximately 8-10 times stronger than the influence of the wind, i.e., according to the degree of influence on the vessel, the current speed is 1 mIs approximately equal to the wind speed of 8-10 mIs (depending on the ratio of the areas of the surface and underwater parts of the vessel). In this case, the rotation is carried out with the nasal tip in the direction of the resultant force.
Vessel turnover. Turnover under favorable track and hydrometeorological conditions is usually performed in forward motion by shifting the steering wheel (Fig. 103, a-). When moving with the flow (position I), before performing a revolution, reduce the speed and deviate in the direction opposite to the revolution (position II). Then the steering wheel is shifted
on board in the direction of revolution and increase the speed (position III). Under the action of the rudder, the ship circulates to the left (positions IV and V). When 15-20° remains before the end of the revolution (position VI), the rudder is shifted to the other side at a small angle, thus “controlling” the rolling of the vessel. Having completed the turn (position VII), the vessel enters the shipping lane (position VIII).
In areas with a limited width of the navigable passage, single-screw vessels usually perform turns by means of variable operation of the propulsion in forward and reverse (Fig. 103, b). To do this, the ship reduces speed in advance, veers toward one of the edges of the channel, usually to the wind (position I), and then reverses (position II). When the forward inertia is extinguished (position III), the rudder is shifted in the opposite direction, and the ship moves back, simultaneously turning in the desired direction (position IV). After this, the reverse operation of the propulsion unit stops, and it is switched to forward motion. In some cases, it is necessary to reverse the propulsion several times, combining the operation of the propulsion in forward and reverse with shifting the steering wheel.
In case of strong current or wind in areas of limited width, it is recommended to carry out the turn using an anchor (Fig. 103, e). To do this, reduce the speed to the smallest (position I), shift the rudder to the side (position II), and on two screw vessels turn on the propulsors to work backwards and, when the ship begins to turn (position III) and the forward movement of the propulsion stops, turn off inertia (position IV) and release the anchor (position V) to a length of the anchor chain equal to no more than three depths. Then, using a tape stopper, the anchor chain is gradually slowed down so that it is tensioned without jerking. Under the influence of water pressure on board, the vessel turns on the anchor chain (position VI). When performing a turn with an anchor in a shallow area, in order to avoid a hull break, you must not allow it to end up under the hull of the vessel. If the vessel is moving against the current, a stern anchor is used for turning.
Rice. 104. Scheme of turnover in cramped conditions of a vessel with paired rotary nozzles
The turnover of twin-screw vessels, as well as vessels with thrusters, in cramped conditions is carried out by operating the machines against each other and using thrusters. When making a turn in a cramped water area, vessels with rotary nozzles maneuver taking into account the characteristics of the propulsion and steering complex.
Let's consider maneuvering a vessel with paired rotary nozzles when performing a turn on the spot to the left (Fig. 104). In position I, when the ship does not have forward motion relative to the shores, the nozzles are transferred to the left side and the right propulsion unit is put into forward motion. Under the influence of the steering force of the Ru attachment, the feed is deflected to the right. When the ship begins to move forward, the propulsion is stopped. Quickly shifting the attachments to the starboard side, turn the left propeller into reverse (position II). In this case, the inertia of the forward motion is extinguished, and the vessel, under the influence of the steering force Ru, continues to turn in the desired direction. Then the operation of the propulsion unit in reverse is stopped, the attachments are shifted again to the left side and the right propulsion unit is switched on to forward speed (position III), thereby providing the vessel with rotational motion and dampening the inertia of reverse. Continuing to maneuver in this way, the ship is turned around until it reaches the required position.
Vessels with separately controlled nozzles in cramped conditions perform a turn (Fig. 105) by shifting the nozzles to different sides and operating the propulsors in opposition. So, to turn the ship to the left side, the right nozzle is shifted to the left side and the right propeller is turned on in forward motion, and the left nozzle is shifted to the starboard side and the propeller is turned on in reverse.
stroke (position I). In this case, the steering forces Ru of both nozzles are directed in the same direction, creating a turning moment that deflects the stern to the right and the bow to the left. During the turn (positions II and III), the frequency of rotation of the thrusters is set so that the vessel has no forward or backward movement until the turn is completed.
Composition turnover. When moving downstream, the pushed train usually makes a turn from fast water to calm water. In this case, the current facilitates the maneuver. In case of a crosswind, the turn is carried out into the wind, which, after turning the train by more than 90°, helps to reduce the maneuver time and tactical circulation diameter. A headwind helps to make a turn, and a tailwind hinders its implementation.
If the tailwind is strong, then after turning the train across the shipping channel, release the anchor from the head barge (Fig. 106, positions I - III) and after attacking the ground, they continue to turn the train using a packed anchor chain, as well as running the machines against each other (positions IV and V). It is important to release the anchor in a timely manner when the train is in position III, i.e. at the moment when the inertia of the forward movement is extinguished and the train seems to stop without falling into the wind.
Rice. 105. Scheme of turnover in cramped conditions of the vessel - with separately controlled rotary nozzles
For a convoy towed on a cable, the turnaround location is also first determined, while comparing the width of the shipping channel with the possible tactical circulation diameter of the convoy.
If it is necessary to make a turn to move with the current (Fig. 107), the train enters at full speed into the slow water (Position I) and from there begins to turn into the core (position II), while moving the train to
Rice. 106. Scheme of turnover of a pushed train using an anchor
Rules of navigation and taking into account the depth and width of the water area, the nature of the soil, the direction and strength of the current, wind and water waves, as well as taking into account the possible change in the position of the vessel at anchor under the influence of the wind.
Anchoring in a roadstead must be carried out within the boundaries of the roadstead that is intended for a given vessel by local navigation rules and indicated by coastal navigation signs. The anchorage location is chosen in such a way as to ensure the safety of the movement of other vessels, structures, etc.
Minimum permissible depth, m, in the anchorage area
Н=Т+(2I3)Ih+ 0. 6 ,
where T is the draft of the vessel, m;
h - the highest possible wave height, m;
0.6 - water reserve under the bottom, m.
The width of the water area at the anchorage site should ensure the safety of the vessel (especially the stern) in the event of a turn by the wind. In this case, the radius of safe circulation, m,
I?==I. + VI 2 -A 2 +D<,
where L is the length of the vessel, m;
I is the length of the etched anchor chain, m;
h - depth at the anchorage site, m;
DI is the distance margin required to retract the anchor chain, m.
The nature of the soil at the anchorage area affects the holding force of the anchor (Table 10).
A place for anchorage is chosen with a smooth current, protected from strong winds and waves, since strong currents, wind and rough waters increase the amplitude of the vessel’s movement on the anchor chain, the force of jerking and pitching. You should also avoid parking above the tops of the islands, near openings, in waterways, maidans and on fences.
The length of the anchor chain to be removed depends on the depth at the mooring site and the force of current, wind and rough waters affecting the vessel. In river conditions, the length of the etched anchor chain is usually equal to approximately three depths of the water area, in lakes and reservoirs - two and a half depths. The stronger the impact of external factors on the ship, the greater the length of the anchor chain should be, since the effectiveness of the anchor largely depends on the position of the anchor chain relative to the ground.
Near the anchor, the anchor chain should lie on the ground, without lifting its spindle and acting on the anchor in a horizontal direction. To do this, it is etched so that approximately half of it (along its length) lies on the ground. In this position, the holding force of the anchor acts most effectively, and the sagging part of the chain at the hawse acts as a shock absorber, softening the jerks of the vessel from the effects of wind gusts and wave impacts.
