Mongolia. Mongolia is a mountainous country Download presentation on Mongolia
Zimin Mikhail.
General economic and geographical characteristics of the country.
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Mongolia 2009 Zimin Mikhail Mikhailovich, 11th grade student at secondary school No. 577 in St. Petersburg.
Physico-Geographical Position Mongolia is located in the northern part of Central Asia. And it is an inland country.
Position on the political map of the world. Mongolia is a parliamentary republic. Now Mongolia is ruled by the Leader of the Opposition Elbegdorj, Tsakhiagiin
Organizations Mongolia is a member of an international trade organization. He is also a member of the Association of Asian Countries.
Neighbors In the north it borders with Russia, in the west, south and east - with China. The total length of the borders is 8158 km
National cuisine of Mongolia Mongolian national cuisine is a completely unusual and original phenomenon. Virtually unchanged over the past ten centuries and slightly susceptible to outside influences, it can be considered a historical phenomenon and a national calling card at the same time.
Typology According to typology, Mongolia is a developing country
In terms of population, Mongolia is not among the top ten largest countries by population. In general, it ranks 135th in the world.
Demographic policy Mongolia is pursuing a demographic policy aimed at increasing population growth
The Mongolian nation is aging. The demographic problem is largely explained by the characteristics of religion.
Religion Tibetan Buddhism is the traditional religion of all Mongol-speaking peoples and nationalities of Mongolia, as well as the Turkic-speaking Tuvans. Buddhists make up 94% of the population, the absolute majority in all regions of Mongolia with the exception of Bayan-Ulegei aimag. Among them there are also a number of shamanists, most often combining the confession of Buddhism, so an accurate determination of the proportion of shamanists is not possible.
The country's main trading partners are China and Russia, and Mongolia's economy largely depends on these countries. In 2006, 68.4% of Mongolia's exports were to China, while 29.8% of total imports came from China. Mongolia imports about 95% of its petroleum products, and a significant share of electricity from Russia, making the country vulnerable to inflation. Mongolia has been a member of the World Trade Organization since 1997, and has expressed a desire to become more involved in trade within Asia
Agriculture Due to Mongolia's harsh continental climate, agriculture remains vulnerable to natural disasters such as severe drought and cold. The country consists of small arable lands, but about 80% of the territory is used as pasture. The majority of the rural population is engaged in herding livestock, often consisting of sheep, goats, cattle, horses and camels. Mongolia has more livestock per capita than any other country in the world. Wheat, potatoes and other vegetables are also grown, in addition to tomatoes and watermelons.
The horses take a break between meals and bathe.
Transport Mongolia has road, rail, water (river) and air transport. The Selenga, Orkhon and Lake Khubsugul rivers are accessible for navigation. Mongolia has two main railway lines: the Choibalsan-Borzya railway connects Mongolia with Russia, and the Trans-Mongolian railway - starts from the Trans-Siberian railway in Russia in the city of Ulan-Ude, crosses Mongolia, passes through Ulaanbaatar and then passes into China's Yerenhot, where it joins the Chinese railway system. Most land roads in Mongolia are gravel or simply cross-country. There are paved roads from Ulaanbaatar to the Russian and Chinese border, and from Darkhan. There are some road construction projects currently underway, such as the east-west construction of the so-called Millennium Road. Mongolia has a number of domestic airports
Tourism Mongolia... A country of mysteries, nomads and eternal blue skies. Mongolia is an invaluable find for sophisticated travelers and adventure seekers. Only here you can visit the taiga zone during the day, walk through the eternal snows of the highlands at an altitude of 4000 meters, and enjoy the most beautiful desert sunsets. Only here you can try yourself in the role of a golden eagle hunter, and immerse yourself in meditation in a Buddhist temple, and catch a two-kilogram grayling, and test yourself in off-road combat while driving a jeep, and wander through the ruins of ancient cities. Mongolia is a country of vivid impressions!
Mongolia maintains friendly relations with Russia.
Presentation on the topic: MONGOLIA Completed by: Student of the 10th “B” class Evgeniy Grigoriev General information: Mongolia (Mongolian Uls) is a state in East-Central Asia. It borders with Russia in the north and China in the south, and has no access to the sea. Area 1,564,116 km². Population - 2.832 million people (as of July 2006). There are 1.8 people per square kilometer. 85% of the population are Mongols, mainly Khalkha Mongols (including the Elzhgin and Dariganga groups (31.9 thousand, 2000), as well as Khotogoit Mongols, Darkhat, Sartul, Zun-Uzumchin (1700 people, 1945), Uriankhians (25.2 thousand, 2000), Khotons, Buryats (70 thousand), Shine-Barguts (about 1000 people, 1947), Zakhchins (29.8 thousand, 2000), Torguts, Bayats (50.8 thousand ., 2000), Khoshuts, Myangats, Olets, Kharachins, Chahars, Tumets), 7% - Kazakhs and Kyrgyz, 4.6% - Durbets (Western Mongolian tribe) and 3.4% - other ethnic groups (Khamnigans , Russians, Chinese, Turkic-speaking Tsaatans, (Uighur)-Uriankhians, Tuvinians, Kyrgyz). About 5 million Mongols live outside Mongolia (including over 4.8 million in China). And also... The official language is Mongolian, the older generation in the cities speaks and understands Russian. More than 85% of the population speaks Mongolian. Since 2007, Russian has been compulsory to study in all schools. Education is conducted in Mongolian. In secondary schools they study traditional Mongolian writing. In Bayan-Ulegey aimak they study the Kazakh language. Location Country Features: Economy GDP (2006): $5.781 billion Exports: copper, livestock products, goat down, wool Imports: fuel, machinery, cars Main trading partners: China, Russia, USA, Japan Literacy More than 90% of the population is literate Names After the revolution of 1921, surnames were banned in Mongolia as relics of feudalism. The names consisted of two parts: the middle name was written first, then the personal name itself. In 2000, Mongolian citizens were allowed to take surnames along with patronymics. Army Conscription system. Conscription age 18-25 years. Service life 12 months. There were 570,435 fit for combat service in 2005. Every year, 34,674 people reach military age. Military budget - 2.2% of GDP in 2002. Creation of the state: At the beginning of the 12th century, the scattered Mongol tribes made the first attempt to unite and create a state that more closely resembled a union of tribes and went down in history under the name Khamag Mongol. Its first ruler was Haidu Khan. His grandson Khabul Khan was already able to win a temporary victory over the neighboring regions of Northern China, and he was bought off with a small tribute. However, his successor Ambagai Khan was captured by the enemy Mongolian tribe of Tatars (later, the name “Tatars” was assigned to the Turkic peoples) and handed over to the Chinese, who put him to a painful execution. Temujin rose to power gradually; at first he received the patronage of Van Khan, the ruler of the Kereits in Central Mongolia. Once Temujin had gained enough followers, he conquered the three most powerful states in Mongolia: the Tatars in the east (1202), his former patrons the Kereits in Central Mongolia (1203), and the Naimans in the west (1204). At the kurultai - a congress of Mongol tribes in 1206 - he was proclaimed the supreme khan of all the Mongols and received the title of Genghis Khan. Religion The official religion of Mongolia is Buddhism (94%). As in every country, it has national specifics here. Historical evidence suggests that, starting from the 2nd century. BC e., the proto-Mongol peoples (Xiongnu, Xianbei, Khitan) were familiar with Buddhism. The Mongols themselves first encountered it during the period of the aggressive campaigns of Genghis Khan (late 12th - early 13th centuries). Buddhism was professed by four peoples whose states were conquered by Genghis Khan - the Uyghurs, Khitans, Tanguts, and Chinese. In the first half of the 13th century. the Mongol khans did not distinguish Buddhism from other religions and did not give it any preference. In those days, which were the period of the greatest prosperity of the Mongolian state, Buddhists had to meet serious rivals at the court of the Mongolian khans in the form of Muslim, Nestorian and Catholic missionaries, behind whom stood the rulers of Asian and European states. At the court of the Mongol Emperor Kublai Kublai of China in Khanbalik (modern Beijing), the main rivals of Buddhists were the official court shamans. Surrounding himself with Buddhists, Khubilai showed at that time only the appearance of interest in the moral and ethical aspects of their religion. Competitions between Buddhists and shamans in the technique of mastering magical techniques seemed much more attractive to him. Monastery State system (basic) The head of state is the president, elected on an alternative basis by universal direct and secret ballot for a period of 4 years. The President can be re-elected for another term. Legislative power is exercised by the parliament - the State Great Khural (SGH) consisting of 76 members, popularly elected by secret ballot for a period of 4 years. The VGH is headed by the chairman, deputy chairman and general secretary, elected by secret ballot from among its members. Executive power is exercised by the government, formed by the Supreme State Council at the proposal of the prime minister and in agreement with the president. The candidacy of the head of the Cabinet of Ministers is submitted to the Supreme State Council for consideration by the President. The government is accountable to the VGH. At the local level, power is exercised by local self-government bodies: aimak, city, district and somonial khurals, whose deputies are elected by the population for a period of 4 years. Coat of arms State structure (dates): Mongolia is a parliamentary republic. The Constitution of Mongolia dated January 13, 1992, which entered into force on February 12, 1992, is in force. In July 1921, the city of Urga (now Ulaanbaatar) declared the independence of Mongolia. On November 26, 1924, the country's parliament (Great People's Khural - GNH) proclaimed the creation of the Mongolian People's Republic (MPR) and adopted the first constitution. Until 1990, Mongolia had a one-party regime of the Mongolian People's Revolutionary Party. On November 21, 1991, the People's Great Khural decided to change the name of the country and after the new constitution came into force (February 12, 1992), the MPR began to be called Mongolia. Flag of Mongolia Terrain Mongolia has an area of 1,564,116 km² and is mainly a plateau, elevated to an altitude of 900-1500 m above sea level. A series of mountain ranges and ridges rise above this plateau. The highest of them is the Mongolian Altai, which stretches in the west and southwest of the country for a distance of 900 km. Its continuation are lower ridges that do not form a single massif, collectively called the Gobi Altai. Along the border with Siberia in the north-west of Mongolia there are several ranges that do not form a single massif: Khan Huhei, Ulan Taiga, Eastern Sayan, in the north-east - the Khentei mountain range, in the central part of Mongolia - the Khangai massif, which is divided into several independent ranges. Gobi Desert Map of Mongolia Magjid-Janraiseg Temple Statue of Genghis Khan Rock paintings Landscapes The End Thank you for your attention!!!
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Mongolia
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Mongolia is a state in East-Central Asia. It borders with Russia in the north and China in the east, south and west. It has no access to the sea. The capital is Ulaanbaatar. Area - 1,564,116 km². Mongolia is divided into the capital Ulaanbaatar and 21 aimags.
Basics:
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The official language is Mongolian, written in Cyrillic. It is spoken by more than 95% of the population. Traditional Mongolian writing is also taught in secondary schools. Mongolia is a parliamentary republic. The Constitution of Mongolia dated January 13, 1992 is in force here.
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Geography
The highest mountain range is the Mongolian Altai, which stretches in the west and southwest of the country for a distance of 900 km.
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The rivers of Mongolia are born in the mountains. Most of them are the headwaters of the great rivers of Siberia and the Far East, carrying their waters towards the Arctic and Pacific oceans. The largest rivers in the country are the Selenga, Kerulen, Tesiin-Gol, and Onon.
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Along the border with Siberia in the north-west of Mongolia there are several ridges that do not form a single massif. The south, southwest and southeast of Mongolia are occupied by the Gobi Desert, which continues into north-central China.
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Economy
Although more people live in cities, Mongolia's economy remains centered on industries such as agriculture and mining. Mineral resources such as copper, coal, molybdenum, tin, tungsten and gold make up a significant part of the country's industrial production.
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GDP per capita: $3,200. Unemployment rate: 2.8%. Export: copper, live cattle, animal products, goat down, wool, hides, coal. Imports: fuel, machinery, cars, food, industrial consumer goods, chemicals, building materials, sugar, tea. Mongolia is a member of the World Trade Organization (since 1997). The country's main trading partners are China and Russia, and Mongolia's economy largely depends on these countries. Mongolia imports about 95% of its petroleum products, and a significant share of electricity from Russia, making the country extremely dependent economically.
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Population
Population -2.7 million people. Annual growth - 1.493%. Average life expectancy is 65 years for men, 70 years for women. Ethnic composition - Mongols 94.9%, Turks - 5%, Chinese and Russians - 0.1%.
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Religion
Tibetan Buddhism is the traditional religion of all Mongol-speaking peoples and nationalities of Mongolia, as well as the Turkic-speaking Tuvans. Buddhists make up 94% of the population.
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Culture
Mongolia's culture is heavily influenced by the traditional Mongolian nomadic lifestyle, as well as Tibetan Buddhism, Chinese and Russian cultures. Education is one of the priority areas of Mongolia's domestic policy. To date, illiteracy in the country has been practically eliminated, thanks to the creation of seasonal boarding schools for children from nomadic families.
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The yurt is an important part of Mongolian national identity; to this day, many Mongols live in yurts.
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Some of the earliest examples of Mongolian fine art are cave paintings and bronze and copper weapons with images of animals. After the revolution, for a long time the only acceptable style in Mongolian painting was socialist realism, and only in the 1960s did artists have the opportunity to move away from the canons. Most Mongolian literature with religious content is translated from Tibetan. The oldest literary and historical monument is “The Secret Legend of the Mongols.” Modern Mongolian literature is under residual socialist influence as well as traditional motifs.
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The instrumental ensemble occupies an important place in Mongolian music. Folk instruments: amankhur (harmonica), morinkhur (Mongolian cello) and limb (bamboo flute). Mongolian pop music is largely concentrated in Ulaanbaatar and is little known outside the capital.
A Mongolian musician plays the morinkhur.
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Population - 2,754,685 people (as of 2010) Area - 1,564,116 km2 Population density - 1.8 people/km² Language - Mongolian Religion - Tibetan Buddhism Form of government - parliamentary republic Currency - Mongolian tugrik
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Mongolia is known to most as a sparsely populated country with centuries-old traditions of nomadism. But few people know that the increase in population and industrial development in the post-war period led to accelerated urbanization. Today, 3/5 of the country's population lives in the cities of Mongolia. The rest prefer a nomadic lifestyle. Mongolia is a large state in Central Asia. This country has only two “neighbors”: in the north - Russia, in the south, west and east - China. Mongolia is home to a large number of nationalities, mainly belonging to the Mongolian and Turkic language groups. There are also Russians and Chinese in this country. The official language is Mongolian, and the Cyrillic script is used. The state religion is Tibetan Buddhism, although there are also many adherents of Christianity in this country. You can also meet Muslims and Catholics. Mongolia today is of particular interest to tourists, even despite the relatively small number of historically significant buildings. The main wealth of Mongolia is its unique nature, untouched by people, which attracts a large number of ecotourism enthusiasts. The endless expanses of steppes, lifeless deserts and salt marshes, majestic mountainous areas, blue lakes and, of course, the original local population - this is what people from all over the world come to see.
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State Government Mongolia is a democratic parliamentary republic. The head of state is the president. The head of government is the prime minister. The highest body of state power is the State Great Khural. Language Official language: Mongolian In the cities, many speak Russian fluently; in the south of the country, various Chinese dialects are common; more than 5% of the population speaks Kazakh. The religion Buddhism (Lamaism) is professed by about 95% of the population; Zen Buddhism and Sunni Islam are common (prevalent in the southwestern regions), as well as various traditional animist beliefs. Currency International name: MNT The Mongolian tugrik is equal to 100 mung. Currently, only Bank of Mongolia paper banknotes are used in denominations of 1, 5, 10, 20, 50, 100, 500, 1000, 5000, 10000, 20000 tugriks. US dollars are unofficially widely used in all areas. Russian rubles are accepted to a limited extent only in some stores and sometimes in markets. You can exchange currency in officially authorized banks in the capital, in specialized exchange offices, which are located almost everywhere in large cities, or in some hotels. The easiest way to exchange US dollars. Outside cities, it is almost impossible to exchange currency. The use of credit cards and travel checks is only possible in the capital.
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President of Mongolia Mongol Ulsyn Eronkhiylogch Position held since June 18, 2009 Term of office 4 years
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Culture The nomadic lifestyle of the Mongols depends on animals. Despite urbanization, the way of life of the steppe is decisive in the life of the Mongols. Even in cities, most Mongols live in gers - white woolen tents, easily transported from place to place and having the same location on the ground: the door should always face south, inside at the back wall and a little to the west there is a place of honor for guests, the back - a place for the oldest members of the family and for the most valuable things, there is also a family altar with images of Buddha, family photographs and suitcases. If you ask any of the local residents, they will tell you about dozens of various religious rules, beliefs and prejudices associated with traditional Mongolian housing. The Mongols have always been adherents of Tibetan Buddhism, and the ties between Mongolia and Tibet are historically very close and deep. Once in a lifetime, every Mongolian Buddhist strives to visit the holy city of Lhasa; The Tibetans, in turn, relied on various Mongol tribes to maintain their power. In 1921, when the communists came to power, there were 110,000 lamas (monks) in Mongolia, living in 700 monasteries. Beginning in 1930, thousands of monks were arrested, sent to camps in Siberia, and disappeared. Monasteries were closed and desecrated, and all religious rites and ceremonies were prohibited. Freedom of religion was not restored until 1990. From this time on, a phenomenal revival of Buddhism (and other religions) began. Monasteries were reopened, and even some ex-Communist Party leaders became lamas. Monasteries and temples (xiong) always have Tibetan names. Besides the Buddhists, there is also a group of Sunni Muslims living in the westernmost regions of Mongolia, most of whom are ethnic Kazakhs.
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Mongolia's painting, music and literature are heavily influenced by Tibetan Buddhism and the nomadic lifestyle. Tsam dances are intended to drive out evil spirits; they originate from nomadism and shamanism. Banned during communism, they are beginning to make a comeback. Traditional music includes a wide range of instruments and singing styles. In Mongolian Khumi singing, specially trained male voices produce harmonious overtones from the depths of the throat, producing several sounds simultaneously. It is impossible to imagine Mongolian folk music and dances without the performances of the snake man; this is an ancient Mongolian tradition. Mongolian is the official language in the country. It belongs to the Ural-Altaic family of languages, which also includes Finnish, Turkish, Kazakh, Uzbek and Korean. Since 1944, Russian Cyrillic has been used as the Mongolian script. The country has created a rich literature, almost unknown to those who speak only European languages. The most important text, Mongol-un Nigusha Tobchiyan (Secret History of the Mongols), which describes the former greatness of the Mongol Empire, has only recently been translated. An old Mongolian proverb goes something like this: “Eat breakfast yourself, share lunch with your friends, and give dinner to your enemies.” The heartiest and most substantial meals in Mongolia are prepared for breakfast and lunch, usually boiled lamb with plenty of fat and flour, and perhaps dairy products or rice. Kazakhs living in western Mongolia add variety to Mongolian cuisine with horse meat. Mongols are very fond of tea and the classic Mongolian drink - syutey (salty tea). Men who refuse to drink arkhi (vodka) are considered weaklings; shepherds prepare their own homemade drink, airag, from horse milk with an alcohol content of no more than 3%. Many Mongolians process it further to make shimiin arkhi, which increases the alcohol content to 12%.
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Climate and weather The climate in Mongolia is sharply continental, which causes harsh winters and hot, dry summers. The country is characterized by large daily air temperature amplitudes. The winter period in Mongolia is characterized by frosty and harsh weather. In the coldest month, January, the average daytime temperature reaches -15 °C and drops to -30 °C at night. In summer, Mongolia is quite hot and very stuffy. In July, during the day the thermometer rises to +25 °C, and at night the air cools down to +11 °C. The harshest weather occurs in the famous Gobi Desert. Here in winter the temperature rarely rises above –50 °C, and in summer the air warms up to more than +40 °C. In Mongolia there are about 250 sunny days a year. There are so many of them because of the high mountains, which do not allow moist air masses from the ocean to pass into the interior of the country. In desert areas, dust storms may occur from May to June. Precipitation in Mongolia is very rare and occurs mainly in the summer. Winters here are practically snowless. The best time to visit Mongolia is from early May to early October. At the same time, you should not be afraid of summer rains; although they are powerful here, they are very short-lived. If you want to come to Mongolia in winter, then you should take into account that almost all tourist centers are closed for this period.
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Nature Nature here is amazingly beautiful. Mongolia is considered one of the few countries where it has been possible to preserve a truly pristine environment. Here you can see taiga forests, beautiful blue lakes, endless steppes, sultry deserts with small oases, and snow-capped mountains. Most of Mongolia is occupied by endless steppes and deserts. Once upon a time, the birth of nomadic peoples took place here. Numerous lakes are the pride of this country. The largest of them is Khubsugul. This lake is considered the deepest in all of Central Asia. Locals call it “Mother Lake”. Fish are abundant here and the surrounding forests are home to numerous wildlife. Another visiting card of Mongolia is the famous Gobi Desert. Its territory occupies more than a third of the country. The uniqueness of this area lies in the fact that it includes many areas with different climates, fauna and flora. Here you can find both huge grassy steppes and typical deserts with sandy and rocky soils, as well as basins with oases and saxaul groves. It is worth noting that it is in the Gobi that the only small population of wild camels in the world remains, and if you are lucky, here you can meet the unique desert mazalai bear.
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Attractions The main attraction of Mongolia is its pristine, untouched nature. Hustai National Park attracts a large number of ecotourists. This park is located 80 km from Ulaanbaatar. The reserve was created to preserve the population of wild Przewalski's horses. And Gobi National Park is famous for its constant discoveries of dinosaur fossils. Among the natural features, it is worth noting a huge waterfall located in the upper reaches of the local Orkhon River. The main attractions of the capital of Mongolia, Ulaanbaatar, are the Bell of Peace, located in the central square of the city, the Khan's headquarters with famous sculptures of the incarnations of the goddess Tara, and many other museums and galleries. Large temples and monasteries are very popular among Buddhist pilgrims. It is worth paying attention to the Opera and Ballet Theater, as well as the Dance and Folk Song Theater, whose productions reflect the centuries-old musical traditions of Mongolia. Not far from the capital of Mongolia there is a small village called Dulun Boldog, which became famous thanks to its native Genghis Khan. A monument to the great founder of the Mongol Empire was erected in this place. It is believed that every Mongolian should visit this holy place. The ruins of ancient Karakorum are located 350 km from Ulaanbaatar. This city was the capital of the Mongol Empire in the 13th-16th centuries. Karakorum was founded by the legendary Genghis Khan in 1220, after which the city was completed by his son. Only the palace of Khan Ogedei, as well as several craft quarters and numerous religious buildings, have been well preserved to this day. Near the Karakorum is the very first Buddhist monastery in Mongolia, Erdene-Zu, built in 1586. The famous “dinosaur cemetery” located in the Nemegetu Mountains is very popular among foreign tourists. This famous place is visited by up to several thousand foreign tourists a year.
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Cuisine Restaurants in Mongolia offer their visitors food for every taste. In the capital of the state you can find many restaurants and small cafes serving European cuisine. You rarely see such diversity in rural areas. Basically, local residents eat few vegetables and fruits, but a lot of meat, cheese and bread. Fish is also served mainly in large cities. The basis of the diet of the Mongolian population is mainly meat - lamb, horse meat, goat meat. Some residents prefer to eat camel meat. Popular side dishes for meat dishes are potatoes, rice and pasta. Fresh vegetables can only be found on tables in the capital's homes. Traditional Mongolian dishes consist of boiled meat with huge amounts of fat and flour. The most popular is the "boodog", a whole carcass of a kid or marmot without bones, which is filled with hot stones and the neck is tied tightly. Another famous dish of Mongolia is “gorgod”. This is finely chopped meat with vegetables that are steamed in a metal container. “Tsusan khiam” or blood sausage has become widespread - the small intestines of an animal, usually a sheep, are filled with blood, onions, salt and flour. This dish should be cooked in meat broth for no more than 15 minutes. Various dairy products are very popular among Mongols. Local residents consume all types of milk - cow's, sheep's, mare's, goat's and even camel's. Various dairy products are also widespread, for example, byaslag cheese or milk foam - orom. Tea is especially revered in Mongolia. It is interesting that the Mongols drink tea in complete silence, unlike other peoples who love to talk over a cup of good tea. Many tourists praise Mongolian alcoholic drinks, but, as a rule, they are very expensive. The cost of dinner for two in a good restaurant is 30,000 tugriks, which is just over $20. And in a small cafe it’s a little less - $14.
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Accommodation The bulk of hotels in Mongolia are located in the capital of the state - Ulaanbaatar. There are several hotels in Darkhan, Sukhbaatar and Erdenet. As a rule, few hotels in Mongolia can boast of rooms that meet international requirements. Usually these are inexpensive, but quite cozy hotels. Outside large populated areas, the only accommodation option for tourists is to stay at campsites. Usually they are a large area with yurts, which are equipped with electricity and a set of necessary furniture. Room prices in local hotels are quite reasonable. The average cost of one double room in a middle-class hotel in Ulaanbaatar will be no more than $50 per day. During the traditional annual Naadam festival, housing prices increase sharply, by about 20%.
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Entertainment and recreation The main entertainments of the country are fishing and hunting. The most experienced fishermen know that there is no better fishing than in Mongolia in the whole world. Here you can catch (if your fishing rod doesn’t break) such giant fish as grayling or osman. Hunting with golden eagles is very popular in Mongolia. A special hunting festival was even dedicated to this species, which recently received international status. Traditional competitions for hunting bird equipment are held here. A special feature of this festival is the colorful hunt for live hares or foxes. For lovers of active recreation, travel companies offer numerous walking tours in the Gobi Desert or the beautiful Mongolian Altai. Here, together with a guide, you can climb the highest point in Mongolia - Mount Kiytyn-Uul. You can also get indescribable sensations by visiting the country’s amazing national parks. Here you can get acquainted with the unique natural habitats of various rare animals, for example, Przewalski's horses. And also see the most interesting finds of dinosaur fossils. All tourists coming to Mongolia can take part in competitions in the most beloved sport of this country - archery.
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MONGOLIA o Mongolia is a country in central Asia.o It borders with Russia in the north and China in the east, south and west.
o The capital of Mongolia is Ulaanbaatar.
o Mongolia is landlocked. Flag of Mongolia
Coat of arms of Mongolia
o The official language is Mongolian. o Mongolia is a mountainous country rich in rivers and lakes.
It is located in zones of steppes, semi-deserts and deserts.
o Climatic conditions – harsh winters and dry, hot summers There are large lakes on the territory of Mongolia (the largest of
them Uvsu-Nur, Khubsugol)
Lake Uvsu-Nur is the largest in
territory of Mongolia, some part
The lake lies on the territory of Russia).
Lake Khubsugul (trans. Blue
pearl) – the most beautiful lake
Mongolia Also on the territory of Mongolia there are rivers that
are born in the mountains (the main ones are Selenga, Kerulen, Kobro,
Dzab Khan, Orkhon)
Selenga River (originates in Mongolia, flows in both Mongolia and Russia,
is the largest tributary of Lake Baikal) There are mountain ranges in the west and southwest of Mongolia
(Mongolian Altai and Gobi Altai), in northwestern Mongolia
there are several ridges that do not form a single massif
(Khan Huhei, Ulan Taiga, Eastern Sayan), in the northeast - mountainous
Khentei massif, in the central part of Mongolia - Khangai massif. Mongolian Altai (higher than
Gobi)
Gobi Altai In the south of Mongolia lies the Gobi Desert, which
occupies approximately a third of the country's territory. This is the most
northern desert in the world. Brown coal
Gold
Copper
Stone
coal
Oil
Silver
Marble
Cooked
salt
Iron
Granite
Fur animals Animals of Mongolia
Snow Leopard
Tarbagan
Przewalski's horse
Mongolian kulan
Saiga
Bear-eater Plants of Mongolia
Saxaul
Juzgun
haretail
Steppe feather grass
Ilm (Elm)
Karagana Population and their main
classes
People of Mongolia Population and their main
classes
Traditional occupation - nomadic cattle breeding: for many centuries
the herd of Mongolian nomads includes the "five types of livestock" horses, sheep, goats, camels, cattle (cows, yaks,
sarlaccs), who provided the Mongols with everything necessary for housing,
clothes, food.
Mongolian yurt Equestrian statue of Genghis Khan - the largest of
monuments to Genghis Khan in Mongolia and the largest equestrian statue
in the world. The height of the statue is 50 m, weight is 250 tons
