Theoretical foundations of hunting tourism. History of hunting tourism in Russia Common name hunting tourism fishing

07.09.2023

Federal State Educational Institution of Secondary Vocational Education

Yaroslavl State Interregional College

urban planning and management

Course work

by discipline:

"Technology and organization of tour operator and travel agency activities"

on the topic: "Hunting and fishing tourism as a type of tourism"

Completed by a student from group TU1-31

Frolova A.Yu.

Teacher:

Eltsova S.N.

Yaroslavl, 2008

Plan

1. Introduction

2. Chapter 1 “Specificity and classification of hunting and fishing tourism services”

3. Chapter 2 “Hunting and fishing grounds”

4. Chapter 3 “Tours for fishing and hunting lovers”

5.Conclusion

6. References

7. Application

Introduction.
Chapter 1. “Specificity and classification of hunting and fishing tourism services.”
1.1. Distinctive features of hunting and fishing tourism.
1.2. Specifics of hunting and fishing tourism.
1.3. Seasonality problems.
1.4. Division of hunting and fishing tourism.
Chapter 2. “Hunting and fishing grounds.”
2.1. Hunting and fishing potential of Russia.
2.1.1. Fishing places.
2.1.2. Hunting places.

Chapter 3 “Tours for lovers of hunting and fishing.”
Conclusion.
Bibliography.
Application.

Introduction

To write a course work on the technology and organization of tour operator and travel agency activities, I chose the topic “Hunting and fishing tourism as a type of tourism.” The choice of topic was determined by interest in this problem and the desire to enrich one’s own knowledge in the field of tourism.

Tourism is one of the leading and most dynamic sectors of the world economy. Due to its rapid growth rate, it is recognized as the economic phenomenon of the century.

In many countries, tourism plays a significant role in generating gross domestic product, creating additional jobs and providing employment to the population.

The high degree of individuality of consumer preferences in the modern tourism sector makes it impossible to satisfy all consumers with the help of traditional types of tourism. The diversity of tourists' needs stems from the diversity of consumer benefits that they expect from the offered tourism services. In economically developed countries, consumers prefer tours tailored to their specific needs. The demand for tourism services causes the formation of separate segments of the tourism market, one of which is hunting and fishing tourism.

This implies the relevance of the chosen topic, since in order to develop this type of tourism it is necessary to have knowledge about the development processes of this direction.

The object of the study is the hunting and fishing potential of Russia.

The purpose of the study is to consider hunting and fishing tourism as a type of tourism.

In accordance with the purpose of the study, the following tasks were set:

reveal the specifics of hunting and fishing tourism and identify the main approaches to the classification of hunting and fishing tourism services;

characterize the state of tourist and recreational resources of hunting and fishing tourism in the Russian Federation;

characterize the state of hunting and fishing tourism in the Russian Federation and determine the prospects for its development;

Chapter 1.

“Specificity and classification of hunting and fishing tourism services.”

1.1. Distinctive features of hunting and fishing tourism.

Tourism is a temporary departure of citizens of the Russian Federation, foreign citizens and stateless persons from their permanent place of residence for health, educational, professional, business, sports, religious and other purposes without engaging in paid activities in the country of temporary residence.

Currently, the following classification of types and forms of tourism has emerged.

By activity goals:

sports and recreational

route-cognitive

resort, medicinal

amateur

business and congress tourism

ski

festival

hunting and fishing

ecological

shopping tourism

religious or pilgrimage

educational and training

Using the basic provisions enshrined in the Federal Law of the Russian Federation “On the Fundamentals of Tourism Activities in the Russian Federation,” we can identify the main criteria that hunting and fishing tourism must meet:

1) travel to the territory of hunting and fishing grounds, i.e. temporary departure from permanent place of residence;

2) a trip organized by someone and the expected presence of a whole complex of both ordinary (accommodation, meals, etc.) and specific paid services (registration of the import of weapons and export of trophies, escort by a huntsman, etc.);

The purpose of such a trip for a tourist is hunting or fishing, not for economic profit, but for sporting interests.
Means, hunting and fishing tourism- these are temporary trips (travels) to the territory of hunting and fishing grounds for the purposes of hunting or fishing, organized by specialized enterprises that provide a range of specific paid services.

Based on this definition, hunters and fishermen are divided into amateurs and tourists.

Hunters, (fishermen) lovers– these are people who travel for the purpose of hunting or fishing on their own, without resorting to the services of travel agents and tour operators.

Hunters, (fishermen) tourists- consumers of a range of paid services from tour operators and travel agents related to travel arrangements, accommodation, meals, transportation, support and advice during hunting or fishing.

1.2. Specifics of hunting and fishing tourism.

Hunting and fishing tourism is a paid type of travel. The cost of hunting and fishing tours significantly exceeds the cost of amateur hunting (i.e. the price of a license and a voucher), due to the range of services provided by the travel agent and tour operator. This type of tourism has a fairly high cost, and in many cases it can be classified as an elite vacation.

Thus, the organization of hunting and fishing tours is a type of economic activity aimed at making a profit.

A specific feature of hunting and fishing tourism is the need to obtain various licenses that allow hunting, fishing, import of weapons, and export of trophies. This type of tourism is associated with a certain risk, so highly qualified specialists are needed to ensure the safety of tours.

Another specific feature of hunting and fishing tourism is the competitive nature of the relationships between tourists, which makes it possible to classify this type of travel as sports tourism.
Hunting and fishing tourism is characterized by high social responsibility for the use, protection and reproduction of natural resources.

1.3. Seasonality problems.

A characteristic feature of hunting and fishing tourism is its seasonality, the cycles of which do not coincide with traditional types of tourism. Seasonal fluctuations in demand in the field of hunting and fishing tourism, along with the availability of free time, vacations of the majority of potential consumers and dependence on climatic conditions, are associated primarily with the state environmental policy. Seasonality indicators have a major impact on the degree of material utilization
technical base for hunting and fishing tourism and the use of personnel. Thus, seasonality largely determines the overall economic efficiency of hunting and fishing tourism and can be considered as one of the most important factors in increasing the economic efficiency of foreign and domestic hunting and fishing tourism.

In the practice of conducting hunting tours, there are 3 main seasons: spring, summer-autumn and winter. Hunting periods are strictly regulated by the state, and specific opening and closing dates for hunting seasons are set annually by regional authorities. This is due to the state environmental policy.

Spring hunting season- the shortest (usually 10 calendar days). Spring bird hunting is carried out only for males, with the exception of the goose, because Outwardly, the male and female are practically no different. Males of capercaillie, black grouse and various species of ducks are allowed to be shot. The state sets standards for shooting birds in the spring (for example, one male capercaillie per season or two geese per day of hunting). This achieves minimization of the negative impact of spring hunting on game animal populations. In Kamchatka, brown bear hunting is open in spring.

Summer-autumn hunting season opens at a time when young game animals can lead an independent life. Thus, the summer-autumn bird hunting season in the northern part of the Russian Federation opens in August, in the southern part - in September, and closes in November. The hunting season for fur-bearing animals (hare, fox, etc.) opens in September and closes on February 28 (29). At the end of August - beginning of September it is possible to hunt for bear and wild boar - “on oats”, for deer - “on roar”.

Winter hunting season open to fur-bearing animals. From November to January, hunting for ungulates (wild boars, deer) is allowed - “drive”. Bear hunting is allowed all winter - “in the den”.

Fishing is much less regulated by season than hunting. The main seasonal restrictions are associated with the spawning period of fish. Therefore, organizing fishing tourism is possible almost all year round. The main limiting factor in this sense is seasonal fluctuations in the “biting” of fish, known both to the organizers of fishing tours and to fishing tourists.

Fishing tourism services can be divided into summer and winter. Organizing winter tours is much more difficult, and in winter there is a decline in demand for fishing tours.
The degree of risk of hunting and fishing tourism also increases due to the intangibility, non-preservation of services, the one-sidedness of their production, sale and consumption. As a result, income from unfilled places on bases is lost forever. Therefore, tour operators must take into account the seasonality of fluctuations in tourist flows, adjusting the capacity of production units, the throughput of hunting grounds, and temporarily increasing or reducing the number of service personnel.

1.4. Division of hunting and fishing tourism.

Structurally, hunting and fishing tourism is divided into two types: hunting tourism and fishing tourism.
Research shows that hunting and fishing trips are rarely carried out together. This is due to several reasons:

Firstly, this is due to the specific subjective preferences of tourists. It is rare that one person has the same recreational needs for fishing and hunting.

Secondly, the seasonality factor has an influence, the cycles of which in hunting and fishing do not coincide. For example, at the end of April - beginning of May in central Russia, the “biting” of fish is not intense enough for successful fishing tours, while this is the best period for hunting tours for waterfowl (ducks and geese), because there is a massive migration to nesting sites.

Thirdly, joint hunting and fishing tours may be limited by state environmental policy. The hunting season opens and closes according to the relevant regulations on strictly fixed dates. Whereas fishing is less limited in terms of timing throughout the year. In some areas, hunting is prohibited, while fishing is permitted.

Fourthly, the impossibility of joint hunting and fishing tours may be due to the natural conditions of the area where the tour takes place. For example, fishing tours for catching beluga are carried out from a boat in the Caspian Sea, where hunting tours are impossible, because This water area does not have populations of game species.

Another example is that trophy hunting tours for some species of mountain ungulates are carried out in areas where there are no natural bodies of water, so fishing tours cannot be carried out in these areas.

Fifthly, time limitations do not make it possible to conduct joint hunting and fishing tours.

Sixthly, the impossibility of conducting joint hunting and fishing tours may be due to the specialization of tour operators and travel agents. A travel company may not have the necessary specialists on staff - tour organizers, or may not have agreements with the owners of tourism resources.

However, joint hunting and fishing tours are possible. For example, in the Volga Delta, natural resources allow waterfowl hunting and fishing tours to be equally successful (except for the spring and summer months, when hunting is prohibited). In the case of group tours to regions where hunting and fishing are possible at the same time, some tourists may be fishermen and some hunters.

During trophy hunting, the number of animals seized
regulated. In this case, it is possible that a tourist purchases a multi-day tour and catches the animal he is interested in on the first day of the tour. If natural conditions allow, he can continue the tour as a fisherman.

Chapter 2.

« Hunting and fishing grounds».

2.1. Hunting and fishing potential of Russia.

Hunting tourism involves the process of hunting and obtaining permitted

hunting of animals and birds.

On the territory of Russia, licensed hunting is permitted for the following species of animals:

animals:

brown bear, elk, red deer, wapiti, European red deer, sika deer, wild reindeer, Siberian and European roe deer, wild boar, bighorn sheep, mountain goat, lynx, wolverine, wolf, fox, hare, squirrel; small fur-bearing animals from the orders of predators (marten, weasel, stoats, weasels) and rodents (gopher, ferret, marmot);

upland game:

common and rock capercaillie, black grouse, hazel grouse, gray and white partridge;

waterfowl and swamp game:

geese, ducks, waders.

When assessing hunting grounds, two main factors are considered: the type of natural complexes (tracts) and the diversity of fauna. The first factor indicates the degree to which the landscape is favorable for hunting, the second - the abundance of animal species and the presence of rarely seen animals.

The richest hunting grounds in Russia are located in Kamchatka, Siberia, and the Russian North.

Fishing tourism involves fishing using

highly sporting techniques (methods): fly fishing and casting, float fishing, spearfishing.

The objects of fishing are: crucian carp, carp, carp, catfish, pike perch, pike, lenok,

grayling, whitefish, bream, Siberian taimen, Baikal omul, salmon.

The richest fishing grounds are located in Kamchatka, along the rivers and

lakes of Siberia and the Russian North, along the Volga, Don and their tributaries.

Hunting and fishing grounds are judged by two factors: water availability and species diversity.

The assessment is made according to a three-point system: many game animals - 3 points, average abundance - 2, few -1

2.1.1. Fishing places

Moscow region can offer many places for fishing lovers. Exciting fishing on tributaries Upper Oka accessible to almost everyone, since good places are located close to Moscow.

Successful fishing takes place in the spring, during the flood period. Roach, ide, silver bream, bream, burbot, pike, pike perch - all these fish bite in areas of clear water or in secluded places in the reservoir. You can get to attractive places either by private vehicle or by regular buses.

On Lake Velje(Moscow) there are ide, pike, roach, perch, tench. Here it is better to fish with jigs and float rods, baiting perch. Then the prey will be a medium-sized pike. Larger fish can be caught using spinning rods.

Exotic fishing awaits winter fishing enthusiasts Sakhalin and the Kuril Islands. More than 50 species of fish live in local reservoirs, including grayling, taimen, golden carp, sturgeon, herring, smelt, gobies, and flounder. In the south of Sakhalin there are a lot of golden crucian carp, and there is also Amur carp. Quite a large amount of fish and, of course, the extraordinary beauty of Sakhalin nature will bring pleasure to anglers.

At any time of the year, good fishing awaits fishermen on the Lezha River. This river flows in Vologda region and is distinguished by its purity and pristine nature. The forest, mostly aspen, comes close to the sandy shores. Fishing from a boat is especially good in the lower part of the river; Large roach, ide, and bream are caught there. Fans of winter fishing come here with pleasure in March and catch a lot of attractive fish on the rifts and whirlpools. In autumn, spinning fishing can be combined with mushroom hunting.

Altai reservoirs attract fishermen with the possibility of a large catch. Thus, a whole cascade of lakes near Barnaul is distinguished by large crucian carp. Around the lakes there are water meadows and birch groves. The best time for fishing on Barnaul lakes is the beginning of May. The most popular lakes are Mokhovoye and Lebyazhye. In June, fishermen move to the Ob. Silver crucian carp here reaches a weight of 2.5 kg. In addition to crucian carp, carps are caught using a float rod.

IN Primorsky Krai Fishing is extremely popular, as evidenced by well-developed fishing tourism . After all, the region is the coast of the Pacific Ocean, and has become the cradle of many beautiful lakes and rivers. The Sea of Japan, for example, ranks first in terms of fish species diversity among the seas of Russia. Traditional fishing objects are sea and river fish, various inhabitants of the seabed - crabs, octopuses, mollusks. Having once found themselves in coastal protected areas, true fans of fishing return here again and again in order to enjoy a wonderful holiday and underwater fishing.

Karelia It’s not for nothing that it’s called the lake district – there are more than 60 thousand lakes in it. 100 km. From Petrozavodsk there is the famous Vedloozero, from the islands of which local fishermen and visiting tourists love to fish. The lake is home to pike perch, pike, perch, burbot, ruffe, bream, roach, and fishing is good in both summer and winter.

Volga Delta– these are truly fishing places. The delta has a lot of islands, branches, and channels, but the so-called routs, the area between the delta and the seashore, are especially good for fishing.

There are many eriks and channels overgrown with reeds, into which migratory fish enter. The rocks are inhabited by perch, pike, asp, crucian carp, and carp. Particular pleasure comes from fishing for pike perch, of which there are huge numbers in those areas. The surrounding nature is protected, but every year more and more fishermen from all over the country and from other countries come to the delta, so local rangers strictly monitor the contract. All visitors to the delta are issued a temporary fishing license, which is included as part of the price of the trip. During the period from April 15 to May 31, the daily catch rate is 10 kg, and in the summer - 5 kg.

In recent years, between the rivers Akhtuba and Volga within Astrakhan New, modern bases have opened in the region, offering recreation to tourists with different financial capabilities. Fishermen can stay in campsites and comfortable cottages, and everything they need for fishing is provided at the bases. On Akhtuba, even tens of kilograms of perch can be caught, ordinary pike perch up to 2 kg. weight, a lot of different other fish. Roach, bream, sabrefish, pike and other fish are found in abundance.

IN Tver and Smolensk regions there are the most beautiful places on the Western Dvina. There you can not only have a great rest, but also enjoy fishing. Along the river in those places there are practically no factories or large cities, so the water in it is very clean and there is a lot of fish. In the Western Dvina you can catch pike, perch, pike perch, chub, catfish, ide, burbot, bream, ruffe, gudgeon, and silver bream. Pike, which are caught in the fall, can be quite large - up to 3-4 kg.

Wonderful fishing spots are located 25 km away. from Kostroma, on the right high bank of the Volga. The Kachalka and Kuban tributaries flowing into the Volga create unusually convenient conditions for fishing at different times of the year. You can fish from the shore in small bays and channels and from a boat under the high bank of the Volga.

Volga, previously an inexhaustible fishing resource in Russia, is currently no longer a Mecca for fishermen. which was Russia's inexhaustible fishing resource, is now no longer a Mecca for fishermen. Along its entire length, the Volga is covered with a network of dams and reservoirs, and as a result there are much fewer fish. But there are still places where this great river flows along its usual course. One of these places is the section of the Volga between the towns of Volsk and Marks in the Saratov region. In this area they catch sturgeon, large Volga herring, bream, pike perch, pike, perch, roach, sabrefish, white bream, gobies and silver bream, pike and perch.

IN Novgorod region, Not far from Lake Ilmen, there is the village of Bronnitsa. There are several fishing routes around this village. The most interesting route is down the Msta River, to its tributary Bolshoi Mushroom. By boat you should go along the Big Mushroom to the fork with the Rog River, and then to the Bannye Rivers. An overnight stay in a hut made of poles and straw, evening tea with fried fish will bring great pleasure to fishing enthusiasts.

Exotic fishing awaits ice fishing enthusiasts at Baikal. Fishing competitions for the prize of the “Baikal Pole” are held there. An autumn fishing festival is held annually on Lake Baikal and neighboring Mongolia. Fishing is included in almost all tourist trips around Lake Baikal.

In the Baltic Sea With luck and patience, you can catch turbot, one of the colorful varieties of flounder. This round, scaleless fish lives at shallow depths. The easiest way to catch turbot is where there are sunken ships.

One of the most popular fishing trips in the Baltic Sea is smelt fishing. For several years, a smelt festival has been held in St. Petersburg - for St. Petersburg residents it is a symbol of the arrival of spring and the beginning of the holidays.

2.1.2. Hunting places.

Far East, Lake Bolshoi Suluk especially attractive for hunting, including photo hunting. The lake attracts a variety of representatives of the animal world. In these areas I have seen a herd of six reindeer. There are often traces of bears, elk and musk deer live here, and it is possible to meet grouse.

The richest nature Primorsky Krai: mountains, forests, plains, many beautiful islands create excellent conditions for the development of hunting tourism. Coastal hunting is extremely exciting and rewarding. Since Primorye is home to a huge number of representatives of the animal world. In sport hunting, your trophies can be elk, wapiti, wild boar, sika deer, brown bear; of small animals - hare, badger, fox; Other game: pheasant, geese, ducks. There is also hunting for fur-bearing animals - wolf, sable, squirrel, mink, muskrat. You can hunt almost throughout the entire territory of the region, with the exception of parks, reserves and areas near populated areas. In Primorye there are many hunting grounds with a convenient geographical location and stable transport connections, which makes hunting tourism even more attractive.

For those who want to visit the very heart of Asia, see the most beautiful mountain landscapes and get the most magnificent hunting trophies. On this trip, hunters will visit one of the most interesting areas Mountain Altai. Hunting is carried out in the mountain taiga zone. With good shooting skills of the hunter, the probability of catching a brown bear, ibex (Siberian mountain goat), Siberian roe deer, deer, wolf, capercaillie, black grouse, partridge.

IN Nizhny Novgorod region The forests of the southern taiga have been preserved, home to bears, moose, wolves, lynxes, foxes, hares, badgers, hazel grouse, black grouse, wood grouse and ducks. Some of the most favorable areas for hunting are Krasnobakovsky, Sokolsky, Voskresensky, Varnavinsky and Vetluzhsky. The hunting season and daily allowance are set separately.

Volgograd region rich in wildlife and beauty. Here you can meet handsome deer, pheasants, and black grouse. Hares, roe deer, moose, and wild boars are found in abundance. The variety and abundance of game is a guarantee of successful hunting. Hunting in the Volgograd region opens on the first Saturday of September and ends at the end of November. Birds that are allowed to be hunted with waterfowl permits: duck, goose, woodcock, sandpiper... Hunting for waterfowl is possible

Kirov, Vologda and Smolensk regions They offer lynx and wolf hunting. The lynx is a rare and desirable trophy. Having this forest cat in your collection is the cherished dream of many hunters. Thanks to the special structure of its paws, the lynx can move easily and quickly even through loose, deep snow. Lynx hunting is carried out by following the scent with dogs and requires a fair amount of physical endurance and patience from the hunter. Local hunters organizing this hunt determine in advance the places where there is the greatest likelihood of encountering a fresh trail. Hunting period: December - February.

Large selection of hunting grounds that... are located from 120 to 650 km. from Moscow. Hunting prices also vary. Mainly, the closer to Moscow, the higher the prices. Hunting for wild boar and elk is perhaps the most popular. The hunting method is by driving and from a storage shed. To hunt in a drive, a group of hunters of at least 6 people is required. For those who prefer individual hunting, it is proposed to watch for a wild boar from a tower. Hunting period: December-January.

Kazakhstan It is especially attractive for hunting red deer, Siberian mountain goat, roe deer, and musk deer. Hunting period: September-October. This type of hunting takes place in the mountains and requires hunters to be in good physical condition.

Many hunters are fond of bear and wild boar hunting. This method of hunting brings many exciting moments. Waylaying a wary bear is a hunter's dream! Especially if he's so big. Hunting period: second half of August - September.

Hunting areas: Vologda, Novgorod, Tver, Kostroma and Kirov regions.

The directions of geographic flows of tourists are of great importance when analyzing hunting and fishing tourism. In domestic hunting and fishing tourism, the main suppliers of tourists are regions that include large cities. In foreign (inbound) tourism, consumers of Russian hunting and fishing tourism products are citizens of economically developed countries in Europe and America.

An analysis of Russian hunting and fishing tourism shows that specific tours are initially aimed at either foreign consumers or domestic ones. This is due to several factors: the price level for tours, traditional national preferences in hunting or fishing, territorial distance from the consumer, trophy qualities of game animals or fish, the object of hunting or fishing, as well as the method of hunting or fishing. At the same time, it is impossible to clearly classify hunting and fishing tourism resources either as for foreign consumers or as for domestic ones. But, nevertheless, certain signs of such a division are present.

Conditionally we can distinguish:
- foreign (incoming) hunting and fishing tourism;
- domestic hunting and fishing tourism.

Speaking about foreign (inbound) hunting and fishing tourism, first of all, it should be noted that the level of comfort and service when conducting hunting and fishing tours in Russia is traditionally lower than in Europe, Africa and America. Therefore, a certain contingent of foreign consumers of Russian hunting and fishing tourism products has formed. As a rule, these are hunters and fishermen - trophy hunters who visit the Russian Federation in order to get an outstanding trophy of an animal or fish, and not to spend their free time in comfortable conditions. Often such an object of hunting or fishing is difficult or impossible to obtain in another country. For example, in Europe the lynx is an extremely rare animal, so hunting tourists from European countries need to visit Russia to hunt this species.

Another reason for incoming foreign hunting and fishing tourism in the Russian Federation is the price level, which is comparatively lower than that accepted in countries with a more developed field of hunting and fishing tourism. For example, the consumers of most tours to Kamchatka for hunting brown bear and moose are citizens of the United States and Canada, although in their homeland there are populations of these animals comparable in trophy quality to those from Kamchatka. Along with the environmental policy of these states, which is more stringent than in the Russian Federation, the main reason for travel of citizens of the United States and Canada to Russia is the lower cost of hunting and fishing tours.

The next important factor influencing the citizenship of consumers of Russian hunting and fishing tourism products is national preferences in hunting or fishing. For example, hunting for mountain ungulates, Siberian roe deer, wood grouse and black grouse is highly valued by foreign tourists, while these hunting tourism objects are not in great demand among Russian hunters. Tours for goose hunting during the spring migrations of birds, as well as fishing in the Volga Delta and Yakutia, are very popular among Russian hunters, while these tours are practically unknown to European hunters.
An analysis of the preferences of foreign tourists in the methods of conducting hunting tours allows us to note that foreigners do not accept bear hunting “in a den”, because they consider it inhumane; prefer to hunt from ambush, because this allows you to accurately determine the trophy qualities of an animal; They value hunting tours for capercaillie and black grouse “on the lek”.

Chapter 3.

"Tours for lovers of fishing and hunting."

It happens that a holiday by the sea or river seems quite boring for many tourists - they do not want, and simply cannot, lie on the beach all day. This is where fishing and hunting come to the rescue, allowing tourists to truly relax and unwind. On the territory of Russia there are a huge number of places for convenient fishing and hunting. Fans of hunting and fishing can choose a suitable route across the expanses of our Motherland.

Fishing and hunting are offered by modern private and municipal tourist and fishing and hunting bases. I've looked at some of them.

Fishing and hunting base "Reserve Land" is located in the Yaroslavl region, Breitovsky district, 500 m from the Rybinsk reservoir.

The elite fishing and hunting base offers the best exclusive holiday in the European part of Russia all year round. Here you have the opportunity to join in an active holiday with family and friends, enjoy the picturesque landscapes of a pine forest, visit sandy beaches, visit green islands, and take a walk along the Rybinsk Sea.

Fishing

December - April: perch, pike, pike perch, roach, bluegill, bream.

May - June: spinning perch, catfish.

June - November: pike, pike perch, perch.

Hunting

Moose roaring

Boar, bear from a storage shed in oat fields

Elk, wild boar in a pen

Accommodation conditions: In a cozy, comfortable two-story hotel there are six double rooms with a bathroom and toilet in each, as well as one two-room “luxury” - a living room with a TV (NTV+), a refrigerator, a bedroom.

Guests are expected: spacious dining room in "Russian" style, "hunting" bar, billiard room. On the territory of the base there is a one-story wooden cottage (four double bedrooms with two toilets, shower room, kitchen, dining room).

Additional services: sale of vouchers and licenses (hunting), rental of rowing boats, processing of trophies, smoking of fish, Russian bath, organization of hunting, freezing of trophies, fishing accompanied by a huntsman with the necessary equipment.

The price includes: accommodation, three meals a day.

Lake Vaikulskoye(North Karelia)

Location – 50 km from the village of Kalevala. There are no settlements within a radius of 50 km. The Pisto River flows through the lake. The uninhabited village of Häme (19th century) is located 3 km from the hut. The house is a wooden structure 5 x 6 m. The house is designed for a group of up to 6 people.

In the house: 6 sleeping places, kitchen unit with gas and wood stoves, kitchen utensils and furniture. There is no electricity. Lighting in the house is kerosene lamps. Toilet 5 m from the house. Bathhouse 5 meters away. 10 meters to the lake. On the shore there is a rowing boat for 4 people. Smokehouse.

Everything you need is provided: mattresses, blankets, pillows, bed linen, towels, necessary utensils, firewood, water containers, etc. Everything listed above is included in the price. Fishing on the Pisto river- pike, whitefish, grayling; on the lake- pike, perch, roach, ide, burbot. The best time for fishing is from June 15 to September 15. Fishing is licensed.

Additional charges:
- transfer from the Kem railway station to the hut and back.
- daily fishing licenses on the Pisto River.
- complete set of necessary products according to your request

Hunting in the Palekh district of the Ivanovo region, in the village of Pestovo (85 km from Ivanovo)

Accommodation: wooden house (toilet in the yard), Russian bathhouse.

Included in the price: accommodation, 3 meals a day, Russian bath, huntsman services, instruction, hunting consultation, hunting permit, license, selection of a hunting area, delivery from the base to the hunting place and back, insurance.

Lake Baikal.

Mountain and lowland rivers inhabited by various species of fish are of great interest to amateur fishermen. The king of fish - taimen, lenok, grayling, whitefish, omul and many other representatives of the underwater world, are able to satisfy the needs of any fisherman, and the fabulous beauty of the surrounding taiga and Lake Baikal will complement the impression of a journey into the world of pristine nature.

For lovers of trophy hunting, tours are offered for brown bear, wapiti, elk, roe deer, wood grouse, hazel grouse, musk deer, etc.

Hunting bases, huts, tent camps for hunting and fishing tours, permanent base camps are permanent buildings intended for accommodation of a small group of tourists during the tour. Most of the bases are equipped with wooden houses designed for rest and overnight accommodation for tourists and are designed for 3-5 people, a separate kitchen-dining room is intended for cooking and eating, a wooden Russian bathhouse and special facilities. buildings create additional amenities for vacationers, camping power plants provide the base with electricity and hot water.

Hunting lodges are huts with a wood stove, usually located deep in the forest, lit by a kerosene lamp, sometimes with gas stoves and diesel for lighting.

Tent camps are temporary sites equipped with multi-person or single-person tents for rest and overnight stay of tourists.

Meals are served under a canopy or in a large tent, depending on climatic conditions. There are no additional amenities in such camps.

The cost of the tour includes: the transport used, meals during the tour, room for sleeping and rest during the tour, work of accompanying and service personnel, the cost of the trophy and its initial processing, paperwork for the right to conduct the tour, the cost of a license for the right to use the animal world, registration of documents for the right to export the trophy, insurance.

The services of a cook, game warden, huntsman, and translator are included in the price of the tour.

The final price of the tour is calculated individually, taking into account the duration of the hunt, location and conditions of the hunt after receiving an application for the tour.

Fishing Base "Belinskaya 58" (Caspian rumbles)

The base is located in the Volga delta, in the picturesque area of 5th Ognevka, 40 km from the village of Zelenga, Volodarsky district. There is no crowding of travel companies in the location of the base. This is one of the main advantages of successful fishing and recreation on the lower Volga.

Anglers are served by experienced gamekeepers who advise on fishing methods for various types of fish and know the best places for fishing.

Best time for fishing:April, July, August, September, first half of October.

The base has double standard rooms, junior suites and one deluxe room.

Standard rooms equipped with air conditioning, washbasin, heating appliance. Toilets and showers are located nearby in the lobby.

Junior Suite- a room with all amenities in a 2-story wooden cottage (each room has a separate entrance).

Suite" equipped with TV, air conditioning, heating device, refrigerator, toilet and shower are also located in the room.

The price includes 3 meals a day.

Kirov region has at its disposal hunting grounds in one of the most picturesque corners of Russia - on Vyatka land.

The total area of hunting grounds is 2.5 million hectares. Delivery to the hunting site by road. There is a staff of highly qualified game wardens and rangers who will ensure a successful hunt.

Customer service includes:

meeting at the local airport or train station and delivery to the hunting area without limitation of km;

use of transport during hunting (UAZ, Niva, motor and rowing boats, snowmobiles);

provision of 1-2 huntsmen-guides, hunting dogs;

primary processing of the trophy and preparing it for transportation;

provision of the necessary number of licenses and vouchers;

Accommodation:
1. Hunting bases in Russian style (two triple rooms). There are chopped baths.
2. Three-room brick residential buildings of individual construction. With all conviniences.
3. Hotel accommodation is possible.

3 meals a day throughout the hunt.

Conclusion

During the research, I enriched my knowledge in the field of tourism.

Today there are many classifications in tourism. In this paper, only one type of tourism is considered – hunting and fishing. But you can already notice that each type of tourism is individual in its own way and has its own characteristics. It should also be noted that each type of tourism must be carefully planned, developed and organized. The needs, interests and characteristics of the participants in the tourist trip must be taken into account.

The Russian Federation has enormous resources in terms of hunting and fishing tourism, the impact of which is accompanied by an increase in tax revenues, increased employment and income growth, as well as smoothing out seasonal fluctuations in employment (especially in rural areas and among small nations of Russia), and the development of related activities ( production of equipment, folk crafts, souvenir industry).

An analysis of the state and prospects for the development of Russian hunting and fishing tourism in modern conditions reveals the most important economic and social problems caused by the continuous complication of economic relations, rapidly changing market conditions and the constant search for ways to improve the quality of tourist services.

Currently, the Russian Federation has resources that fully meet the requirements for creating a modern tourist hunting and fishing industry of international importance. However, the formation of favorable economic ties is hampered by the low quality of hunting and fishing tourism services and the state of the material and technical base, which does not meet international standards, as well as the low level of intensity of hunting and fishing, which does not contribute to the civilized functioning of this type of tourism in Russia.

Bibliography

Gulyaev V.G. Organization of tourism activities. – M.: KNOWLEDGE, 2005.

Magazine: “Fishing in Rus'”. – 2006. - No. 9, No. 10.

Zorin I.V., Kvartalnov V.A. Encyclopedia of Tourism: Directory. – M.: Finance and Statistics, 2006.

Izotova M.A., Matyukhina Yu.A. We travel around Russia. – Rostov-on-Don: Phoenix, 2007.

Catalog. Trophy fishing. – M., 2008.

Catalog. Tourism in the Volgograd region. – Volgograd, 2006.

Catalog. Tourism in the Nizhny Novgorod region. – Nizhny Novgorod, 2006.

Catalog. Altai. – Barnaul, 2006.

Internet sites:

www.MirRabot.com

www.travel.allfishing.ru

[email protected]

A tour is a comprehensive travel service that can be sold to a consumer (tourist). The tour includes accommodation, transportation, meals, excursion services, guide-translator services and other necessary services in accordance with the purposes of the trip.

A.B. Zdorov, V.K. Karnaukhova and T.A. Krakow includes hunting and fishing in the group of so-called adventure tours (safari tours). In their opinion, the main functions of hunting and fishing tourism are the function of self-expression and the function of self-affirmation.

Adventure tourism ensures not only that tourists stay in an attractive place, but also that they engage in an unusual activity. The geography and themes of adventure tours are vast and varied. These are usually group tours. A specific feature of such tourism is the receipt of various licenses that allow hunting, fishing, and export of trophies. Adventure tourism involves certain risks, so highly qualified instructors are needed to ensure the safety of such tours. Hunting and fishing tourism is a paid type of travel. The cost of hunting and fishing tours significantly exceeds the cost of amateur hunting (i.e. the price of a license and a voucher), due to the range of services provided by the travel agent and tour operator. This type of tourism has a fairly high cost, and in many cases it can be classified as an elite vacation.

Thus, the organization of hunting and fishing tours is a type of economic activity aimed at making a profit.

Currently, such adventure tours as African safari, camel hunting (Yemen, Egypt) and motonart (Finland), spearfishing and others are popular.

But there is another opinion regarding what types of tours include hunting and fishing. According to I.V. Zorin, hunting and fishing are forms of amateur tourism.

Such hobby tours provide the opportunity to engage in any activity among like-minded people during vacation or travel (hunters, fishermen, fans of hunting and fishing sports).

Typically, such tours are organized in the form of group trips. Basic rules - formation of a group based on homogeneity of interests and thematic focus of the service program

In recreational geography, “specially separated areas for conducting license-regulated hunting and recreational fishing, as well as conducting ecological, zoological and ichthyological research and activities” are called “fishing and hunting parks.”

Hunting and fishing parks are a type of national park. Their main tasks include:

Preservation of natural complexes, unique and reference natural sites and objects;

Environmental education of the population;

Creation of conditions for regulated tourism and recreation;

Development and implementation of scientific methods of nature conservation and environmental education;

Implementation of environmental monitoring;

Restoration of disturbed natural complexes and objects.

Tourist signs and markers are common in hunting and fishing parks. Therefore, it is necessary that fishermen and hunters become familiar with the basics of tourism, know tourist signs and indicators, can properly inform tourists and vacationers, and show them the way in the forest. Hunters and fishermen must exert an educational influence on forest visitors and tourists so that they correctly understand the meaning of tourism and observe the rule of protecting the natural environment and animals in the wild, especially in the forest.

Another specific feature of hunting and fishing tourism is the competitive nature of the relationships between tourists, which makes it possible to classify this type of travel as sports tourism.

Hunting and fishing tourism is characterized by high social responsibility for the use, protection and reproduction of natural resources.

Another feature in organizing hunting and fishing tours is seasonality, the cycles of which do not coincide with traditional types of tourism. Seasonal fluctuations in demand in the field of hunting and fishing tourism, along with the availability of free time, vacations of the majority of potential consumers and dependence on climatic conditions, are associated primarily with the state environmental policy. Seasonality indicators have a major impact on the degree of utilization of the material and technical base of hunting and fishing tourism and the use of personnel.

Thus, seasonality largely determines the overall economic efficiency of hunting and fishing tourism and can be considered as one of the most important factors in increasing the economic efficiency of foreign and domestic hunting and fishing tourism.

The spring hunting season is the shortest (usually 10 calendar days). Spring bird hunting is carried out only for males, with the exception of the goose, since outwardly the male and female are practically the same. Males of capercaillie, black grouse and various species of ducks are allowed to be shot. The state sets standards for shooting birds in the spring (for example, one male capercaillie per season or two geese per day of hunting). This achieves minimization of the negative impact of spring hunting on game animal populations. In Kamchatka, brown bear hunting is open in spring.

The summer-autumn hunting season opens at a time when young game animals can lead an independent life. Thus, the summer-autumn bird hunting season in the northern part of the Russian Federation opens in August, in the southern part - in September, and closes in November. The hunting season for fur-bearing animals (hare, fox, etc.) opens in September and closes on February 28 (29). At the end of August - beginning of September it is possible to hunt for bear and wild boar - “on oats”, for deer - “on roar”.

The winter hunting season is open for fur-bearing animals. From November to January, hunting for ungulates (wild boars, deer) is allowed - “drive”. Bear hunting is allowed all winter - “in the den”.

Fishing tourism services can be divided into summer and winter. Organizing winter tours is much more difficult, and in winter there is a decline in demand for fishing tours.

The degree of risk of hunting and fishing tourism also increases due to the intangibility, non-preservation of services, one-sidedness of their production, sale and consumption. As a result, income from unfilled places on bases is lost forever. Therefore, tour operators must take into account the seasonality of fluctuations in tourist flows, adjusting the capacity of production units, the throughput of hunting grounds, and temporarily increasing or reducing the number of service personnel.

Thus, organizing hunting and fishing tours is a very specific activity. It is this way primarily due to seasonality and high social responsibility for the use, protection and reproduction of natural resources. In addition to all of the above, another very important specific feature is obtaining various licenses that allow hunting, fishing, and export of trophies.

Nature has endowed Belarus with truly unique opportunities. Thanks to its advantageous geographical position in the center of Europe and the preserved wild nature in its original form, our country can offer its guests and residents many holiday options. Currently actively developing. In recent years, a lot of tourist routes have been created, suitable for both hiking and river rafting. But hunting tourism in Belarus occupies a special place in the range of tourist services provided.

Nature is the highlight of Belarus. The blue surface of the lakes, dense forests, clean air of the Belarusian lands and the rich diversity of flora and fauna are widely known far beyond the country's borders. Belarus can rightfully be called a country of wild nature. Our lands are distinguished by the presence of the richest natural resources: both water and plant, and stable resources of animals suitable for hunting make it possible to conduct effective hunting in picturesque places.

It is worth noting that hunting farms in Belarus occupy approximately 18 million hectares of the country. These territories are home to over 20 species of game mammals and about 30 species of birds.

Currently, hunting in Belarus is possible for the following animals: bison, elk, deer, roe deer, hare, beaver, wolf, fox, marten, polecat, mink, otter.

Hunting of birds such as wood grouse, black grouse, hazel grouse, woodcock, partridge, quail, pheasant, mallard, goose, duck, teal, moorhen, heron, snipe, and cormorant is also allowed.

Traditionally, the following time periods for hunting in Belarus are distinguished:

spring and summer-autumn bird hunting;
autumn-winter hunting for ungulates and fur-bearing animals.

The most widespread hunting areas are:

winter wild boar hunting from a tower;
summer wild boar hunting on crop grasses;
autumn hunting for elk and deer;
autumn driven hunting for ungulates;
spring hunting for waterfowl goose and drake, as well as wood grouse and black grouse;
winter wolf hunting with flags.

Bison hunting occupies a special place among other areas of hunting tourism. It is important to emphasize that hunting this species of the largest ungulate in Europe is permitted only from the reserve gene pool. This means that only those animals that, based on a number of biological characteristics, are recognized as weak and unable to produce healthy offspring are shot. The removal of such bison from the animal world is permitted in strictly limited quantities.

There are many special hunting grounds in Belarus. The territories intended for hunting have a developed infrastructure. In such areas, temporary and permanent towers for trophy hunting have been installed, comfortable hunting lodges have been erected, and enclosures for dogs have been equipped. Among other things, each farm has a professional huntsman who is always ready to help organize a quality hunt.

It is worth keeping in mind that hunting is not allowed everywhere in Belarus. Thus, on the territory of the state there are a number of strictly protected areas. These include nature reserves, national parks, and reserves of republican significance. In such areas, any type of hunting activity is strictly prohibited.

Please note that not only residents of the country, but also foreign citizens can hunt on the territory of Belarus. True, it is important for visiting guests to have with them:

a document confirming the right to hunt, issued in the country of permanent residence;
a corresponding permit for the storage and use of hunting weapons, also issued in the country of permanent residence;
one-time permission from internal affairs bodies to import and export hunting weapons and ammunition from Belarus;
hunting permit or one-time permit to hunt a game animal.

According to numerous reviews from Europeans, Belarusian tours are considered very affordable, which is why Poles and Russians love them. Belarusian hunting grounds are often visited by hunters from France, Sweden and Italy.

The main motivations for these types of tourism are, in fact, consonant and coincide with their names - these are hunting and fishing. Additional motivations in this case are: recreation, entertainment, leisure time, and in some cases (for example, in African or Latin American countries) - learning through excursion programs.

The main consumer of these types of tourism is mainly the male population, mostly middle-aged, with a fairly high level of income, since hunting tourism, especially organized in exotic countries, can be classified as one of the most expensive types of tourism. Male tourists, as a rule, go on tour alone, in more rare cases - with their family.

The main destinations of these types of tourism are:

· Russian Federation: Altai, Astrakhan, Volga delta, Seliger, Karelia, Abkhazia, Kamchatka, central Russia.

· Foreign destinations: Africa (Kenya, Tanzania, South Africa), Europe (Poland, Hungary, Slovakia, Bulgaria, Germany, France, Sweden, Finland, Norway), Latin America (Venezuela, Brazil, Dominican Republic) and some others.

In fishing and hunting tourism, there is a special seasonality associated with the so-called reproductive period in animals:

· Fishing is prohibited during the spawning season

· Hunting is prohibited during the rutting season.

In addition, fishing and hunting of animals listed in the Red Book, national and world conservation lists, as well as shooting of pregnant and lactating females and young animals is strictly prohibited. Violation of this requirement, as well as violation of the legally permitted start date for fishing and hunting, is poaching, i.e. a crime that carries hefty fines and, in some cases, imprisonment and deportation from the country. You should also remember that in some countries night hunting is strictly prohibited.

In hunting and fishing tourism, both group and individual tours take place, however, in group tours, groups of tourists are usually small: 3-5 people, maximum 10 people.

The average duration of tours is 7(8)-10 days.

A standard tour program usually includes: accommodation, meals, hunting (safari) or fishing, huntsman services, permits and licenses, insurance, visas (if necessary), transportation of tourists to the host country (region), transfers, initial processing of trophies. Obtained trophies are paid additionally, their cost is determined depending on the size - the weight of the horns, the length of the fangs, etc. The hunter receives a trophy - a skull with horns or fangs. If a tourist wants to take meat, skin or a whole carcass with him, this is paid additionally. There is also an additional fee for the services of a taxidermist to make a stuffed animal. In fishing tourism, cutting, cooking, salting, drying and packaging of caught fish is offered for an additional fee.

As noted above, fishing, and especially hunting tourism, is one of the most expensive types of tourism, not only in terms of the cost of organization, but also in terms of the cost of trophies. The cheapest trophies are hares, rodents, game, and some types of ungulates: their cost ranges from 30 (50) to 300 (500) US dollars or euros (depending on the region). The most expensive trophies include the so-called “African Big Five” - elephant, rhinoceros, buffalo, lion and leopard. The cost of each of these animals reaches several tens of thousands of US dollars.

Excursions (usually sightseeing or environmental), entertainment programs, cruise programs, etc. are also paid additionally.

When organizing hunting and fishing tours, it is necessary to develop a clear schedule of all events and programs, combining hunting and fishing with recreation, entertainment and excursion activities, especially if the group includes tourists (women, children) who do not take part in hunting and fishing.

Accommodation and meals for tourists are provided in cottages, hunting lodges, special camp sites, tents (directly at the hunting and fishing site), and sometimes in hotels of various categories (usually categories 4-5*, offered on foreign tours). An important aspect is the organization of meals for tourists at the hunting or fishing site: as a rule, tourists are given a lunch package or a cook is included in the accompanying staff to provide tourists with food.

The most important point is to provide tourists with all the necessary licenses and permits. It should be remembered that in some countries, for example, in Finland, you must have 2 fishing permits: national and local (of the area where fishing is offered). It should also be remembered that for each issued license you can shoot only a strictly defined number of game and animal heads, for example, 1 roe deer, etc.

Particular attention is paid to the timing of booking and payment for tours, mainly hunting ones. Tour reservations (in African and Latin American countries) are made at least six months before the start of the tour. When booking a tour, the tourist makes an advance payment in the amount of 50-60% of its cost, which is not refundable if the tourist cancels the tour. In addition, there is a so-called “waiting list” for hunting representatives of the “Big Five”. This is due to the fact that in African countries there is a certain annual limit for shooting these animals, which cannot be violated. If the animals do not produce offspring during the reproductive period, the tourist continues to be on the “waiting list”, and the hunt is postponed to the next year. There are also certain restrictions for fishing in some countries, for example: in some countries, the tourist is obliged to release the caught fish back into the reservoir.

Special requirements are imposed on the personnel - trackers and rangers accompanying tourists. These requirements include: detailed knowledge of the area, professional use of weapons, organizational skills, professional skills in organizing hunting and fishing, first aid skills, etc. In addition, the most important function of the accompanying person is to select from a distance the animal that is supposed to be shot. The tourist is obliged to shoot the animal indicated to him. Having made a mistake (for example, shooting an animal that is too young), the tourist must pay a large fine.

It is necessary to specify the language for hunting and fishing, as well as additional excursions. For example, in the countries of Africa and Latin America, the main language of communication is English (in the second case, also Spanish).

A few words should be said about fishing gear and weapons, the use of which has certain restrictions. Thus, when organizing fishing, restrictions are imposed on catching certain types of fish with a certain type of gear, for example, only with a spinning rod. The more important issue concerns weapons. Thus, when exporting weapons from the country, you need not only a permit to own (carry) a weapon, but also a permit to export it, which must be processed for at least a month, which must be taken into account when planning and ordering a hunt. In addition, in most hunting countries:

· Hunting for ungulates with smooth-bore weapons is prohibited (with the exception of shooting roe deer and wild boar with a bullet in driven hunts; buckshot is prohibited).

· It is prohibited to use rifled weapons with a caliber of less than 6.5 mm and a caliber of 7.62X39 when hunting ungulates.

· There are various restrictions on the purchase of cartridges for rifled weapons, so it is advisable to take them with you.

It is necessary to follow certain rules when transporting weapons: weapons are transported in the luggage compartment, unloaded, in a metal box, locked.

If desired, tourists can rent fishing equipment and weapons, which can be tested on the spot.

It should also be remembered that it is necessary to follow certain rules when transporting hunting dogs, which are transported in the luggage compartment, in special containers with absorbent bedding, and which must have a certificate of vaccination against rabies and an international veterinary certificate.

The clothes, shoes, accessories, etc. needed by tourists are also specified. depending on the country and region of residence.

The main tour operators offering fishing and hunting tours are: the Slavic Trophy club, Rosa, EBF-tour, Gorny Slope Tour, Euro-Volga, Lovelitour, Yurfo-tour, etc.

Having examined the main, most popular types of tourism, a few words should be said about some other types of travel, which still belong to a relatively small, but quite stable, independent segment of the market.

· Rural tourism. This type of tourism is also sometimes called village or agro-tourism. It is a holiday in the countryside organized through tourism enterprises. The motivation for a rural holiday is the tourist’s desire for unity with nature, a change of scenery, visiting uncrowded places, a different, quieter, more measured and relaxed lifestyle and daily routine, different from the city, as well as often getting acquainted with and participating in agricultural work and picking mushrooms and berries. Rural tourism has 2 main forms:

1. Accommodation in cottages, houses and hotels in rural areas.

2. Accommodation with a family on a farm or in a separate house.

There are still very few rural tourism offers on the Russian market. For example, there are offers for holidays in cottages in rural areas in Finland, Latvia, and some other countries. Abroad, it’s the other way around: rural tourism is popular and in active demand among urban residents. In Russia, proposals for rural tourism are appearing for foreigners, for whom this type of recreation can safely be called truly exotic.

· Military tourism. Involves visiting places of battles and historical battles for veterans and relatives of fallen soldiers, visiting military facilities and training grounds, combat naval ships, submarines, riding military equipment, tanks, supersonic fighters, shooting from military weapons at firing ranges and shooting ranges, participating in military exercises and maneuvers. This type of tourism also includes visits to former concentration camps and prisons, although these activities are usually part of excursion tours. This group also includes the presence of tourists during the launch of spacecraft at cosmodromes as spectators and space tourism itself, i.e. launching tourists into space, which today is perhaps the most expensive type of tourism.

· Nostalgia tourism– tourism to places of historical residence of the population or to meet relatives. Migrants can be conditionally divided into forced ones, who forcibly leave their place of historical residence due to expulsion for religious, military or political reasons, and voluntary ones, who left their homeland in search of a “better life” (economic migrants). Nostalgic tourism involves visiting relatives, cities, villages and other settlements of historical residence, and cemeteries. Examples of nostalgic tourism include tourism by Finns to the Karelian Isthmus of the Leningrad Region and other areas around Lake Ladoga, tourism by current Americans of Irish origin to Ireland, tourism, and sometimes emigration of Volga Germans to Germany.

· Extreme and adventure tourism. This type of tourism involves overcoming various obstacles and difficulties, associated with a high level of risk and degree of danger, learning survival techniques in difficult, often extreme conditions. Sometimes it is classified as a type of extreme sports tourism. This group includes: mountaineering, rock climbing, ice climbing, complex mountain rafting and hiking in dangerous, extreme conditions (for example, in the jungle), etc. This type of tourism usually involves living in a tent camp, cooking your own food, etc. Sometimes this group includes tours for the purpose of treasure hunting. Here we differentiate between professional scientific expeditions in search of treasures and treasures and amateur ones – adventure and entertainment expeditions that involve searching for and finding a symbolic, “prize” treasure. These tours, in fact, can be classified as a type of entertainment tourism.

· Scientific tourism. Involves a fairly long stay in a particular country, region or locality for strictly scientific purposes. Often organized in national parks, nature reserves and reserves for the purpose of observing and studying certain types of flora and fauna. The purpose of observation is not superficial acquaintance, but a systematic, in-depth study of the selected species or species. Such trips for scientists are often organized with direct participation and cooperation with certain research institutes and institutions.

Bibliography

a) basic literature:

1. Alexandrova A. Yu. International tourism. M., Aspect Press. 2004.

2. Alexandrova A.Yu. “Structure of the tourist market”: Textbook, M., 2002.

b) additional literature.

1. Brymer R. A. Fundamentals of management in the hospitality industry. (Translated from English) M., 1995.

2. Dmitrevsky Yu. D. Tourist areas of the world: Textbook. allowance. Smolensk, 2000.

3. Kolotova E. V. Recreational resource science: Textbook. allowance. M., 1998.

4. Mironenko N. S., Tverdokhlebov I. T. Recreational geography. M., 1981.

5. Guidebooks of the “The World Around Us” series.

6. Veprentsev V.Yu., Vasilyev I.V. “Legal regulation of tourism business in the Russian Federation.” Practical guide. M., 2000.

Felluca is a small sailing boat.

Based on materials from Skyway. www.skw.ru, as well as the catalog “Cruise Cascades of the Legend of the Nile” from the same company.

Based on materials from the company “Cruise Line” www.cruiseline.ru/dunay/map.shtml

Based on materials from the company “Intour” www.intour.narod.ru

At prices from Cruise Line www.cruiseline.ru

Based on materials from the Chaika Tour company www.chaika.ru

Neptune Company www.neptuncruise.com

Company "Breze Line" www.breze.ru

Company "Cruise Line" www.cruiseline.ru

Based on materials from the MITS company www.mits.ru

Based on materials from the company “AIDE” www.mtu-net.ru/aide/

Based on materials from The Delta Queen Steamboat Co www.deltaqueen.com

Based on materials from the Volga Fleet Tour company www.volgabalt.ru

Based on materials from the catalog “River cruises on motor ships” of the company “Capital Shipping Company”

Based on materials from the weekly business magazine “Russian Focus” No. 7 dated May 14, 2001, authors Ekaterina Gaidanskaya, Polina Zvereva.

Based on materials from the magazine “Russian Focus” No. 7 dated May 14, 2001

M.B. Birzhakov “Introduction to tourism”, M – S. Pb, “Nevsky Fund”, 2000, pp. 162 -163.

Kosolapov A.B. “Theory and practice of ecological tourism”, textbook, Moscow, Knorus, 2005. pp. 16 - 23

Chernushenko S.S. “Nature conservation and certain types of specially protected natural areas”

Textbook, Saratov Law Institute of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia, 2002.

Kosolapov A.B. “Theory and practice of ecological tourism”, textbook, Moscow, Knorus, 2005. Pp. 16-23

Http://www.luxe.ru/countries/location241.htmhttp://www.luxe.ru/countries/location241.htm http://www.luxe.ru/countries/location241.htm

Http://www.prem.ru/area.php?id=180

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Http://www.tourserver.com.ua/country_det.php?sid=cffaa67e112afed0b7d62339e159f6bc&cid=UG

Http://www.floranimal.ru/national/park.php?pid=66

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Tsavo National Parks, article, “Subtleties of sales winter 2005 – 2006”, directory catalog, No. 5, 2005,

“LLC – Subtleties of Sales.”

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Buznik M. “Kruger Park” article, “Tour Business” magazine No. 18 (105) 2004, “Tour Business” Publishing House.

The plot is the chain of events that the excursion narrates.

Dear lovers of hunting and outdoor activities, did you know that a special Internet portal has appeared in Russia? HuntPoint, where you will find the latest and most profitable information on organizing a hunt? A couple of mouse clicks and you can buy a hunting license, select the desired hunting tour, communicate with the owners of hunting farms directly and get the necessary information.

As the creator of this portal, a hunter with thirty years of experience, Anatoly Zhitkevich, said, HuntPoint works on the principle of sites such as booking.com or airbnb.com. On its pages, every hunter will find the most advantageous offer for himself, and the owners of hunting farms will find a highly effective platform for selling their own services.

5 reasons to buy a hunting tour, permit (license) on the HuntPoint portal

Quick purchase of a hunting license. Since the portal works with the final service provider without intermediaries, the prices for tours will pleasantly surprise you.
The opportunity to choose a hunting tour or hunting ground in the desired region of the Russian Federation. You can go for mining to Siberia, the Far East or the western regions of our country.
Possibility to purchase a hunting tour depending on your trophy preferences. If you want to hunt elk, wild boar, or even wapiti, there are more than 20 different options on the website.
If you are interested in hunting at a certain time of the year, or hunting from a tower, or maybe you need driven hunting, the portal HuntPoint will select options according to your wishes. An easy and intuitive interface that any hunter can understand.
Thanks to the site, you can resolve current issues directly through the owners of hunting grounds: find out about the condition of roads, opportunities to go fishing, additional services and much more. This is more useful and much more reliable than buying a hunting tour “blindly”.

Why do owners of hunting farms trust the HuntPoint portal to organize their hunts?

HuntPoint helps not only ordinary hunters, but also companies involved in organizing hunting business in Russia and neighboring countries. Working with the site brings benefits to both large companies and individual entrepreneurs:

Sale of farm services, hunting tours and permission to hunt on the farm, which directly affects the profitability of the business;
Information pages of the farm and tours, where you can tell in detail about the conditions for the provision of services, accompanying them with colorful photographs;
Increasing the popularity of the farm - an audience of thousands of hunting enthusiasts will learn about you;
A personal manager who will help resolve any issues;
New ideas and plans to attract new hunters to join the hunting enterprise.

The HuntPoint website is a place where a hunter can easily find a tour to his liking, and the head of a hunting enterprise will have the opportunity to tell the whole world about his service.